三色艺术史第1季第3集中英台词整理和单词统计
| 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| This is the BBC Television Service. | 这里是BBC电视台 |
| We now present another programme | 现在为您播出 |
| in our series of experimental transmissions in colour. | 彩色信号试播系列节目 |
| We live in a kaleidoscopic world | 我们的世界是五彩斑斓的 |
| but colours are more than mere decoration. | 但是颜色不仅仅是装饰 |
| Colours carry deep and significant meanings for us all. | 颜色之于我们承载着深刻而重大的含义 |
| And in this series I want to unravel the stories of three colours. | 在这一系列中我将讲述三种颜色的故事 |
| Three colours which, in the hands of artists, | 艺术家运用这三种颜色 |
| have stirred our emotions, | 唤起我们的情感 |
| changed the way we behave | 改变我们的行为 |
| and even altered the course of history. | 甚至影响历史进程 |
| Gold. | 金色 |
| Its lustrous shine has made this the most intoxicating colour, | 耀眼夺目无疑是最令人陶醉的颜色 |
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| one we've used throughout history to revere the things we hold most sacred. | 成为古往今来圣物的代表 |
| Blue. | 蓝色 |
| The arrival of lapis lazuli from the East made blue the colour of our dreams, | 来自东方的天青石使蓝色成为梦想之色 |
| a colour that's transported us to worlds beyond our horizons. | 带我们飞往地平线之外的世界 |
| And this is the story of white. | 而本集将要介绍的是白色 |
| Today we see white as the colour of virtue, | 今天白色象征着美德 |
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| a colour of cleanliness, of innocence, | 象征着纯洁与无邪 |
| a colour as pure as the driven snow. | 像风中飘落的白雪一样圣洁无暇 |
| But in the history of art, | 但在艺术的历史上 |
| white isn't quite as pure as we think. | 白色不总是像我们想的那样纯洁 |
| Over the course of history, | 在历史长河中 |
| it's been loaded with ideologies | 这种颜色被意识形态所左右 |
| that have been both divisive and at times even dangerous. | 这些意识形态不仅不和谐有时还很危险 |
| So dangerous in fact that white may just be | 以至于白色几乎曾是 |
| the darkest colour of them all. | 最黑暗的一种颜色 |
| This is the story of how the purest colour became corrupted. | 这个故事讲述了最纯洁的颜色如何遭到腐蚀 |
| From the refined elegance of the Elgin Marbles | 从精致优雅的埃尔金石雕 |
| to the pristine pots of Josiah Wedgewood, | 到乔赛亚·韦奇伍德简朴的瓷罐 |
| we'll reveal how white came to symbolise an enlightened world. | 我们将揭示白色如何成为启蒙世界的象征 |
| But we'll see how, in the modern age, | 但我们还将看到在现代社会 |
| this once virtuous colour | 这种曾经代表美德的颜色 |
| was used by artists, architects and sculptors | 被画家建筑师和雕塑家 |
| to divide, to control and finally | 用于分化控制最终被用于 |
| to conquer. | 征服 |
| It was Sunday 25th of September 1938. | 1938年9月25日星期日 |
| The Director of the British Museum was on his evening rounds. | 大英博物馆馆长正进行晚间巡视 |
| Everything seemed to be in order, but, unknown to him, | 一切仿佛都秩序井然但他不知道 |
| a disturbing incident had been taking place right beneath his feet. | 就在他脚下一桩令人痛心的事情正在发生 |
| In the basement, | 在地下室里 |
| some of the museum's sculptures were in the process of being cleaned. | 博物馆的几座雕像正在接受清理 |
| But they were being cleaned | 但所用工具却是 |
| with copper chisels and carborundum. | 铜凿和金刚砂 |
| To make matters worse, | 更糟的是 |
| the objects in question were some of the museum's most prize possessions, | 这些雕像正是博物馆最具价值的藏品 |
| the Elgin Marbles. | 埃尔金石雕 |
| The Elgin Marbles were a set of ancient Greek sculptures | 埃尔金石雕是一组古希腊雕塑 |
| that had once adorned the Parthenon in Athens. | 曾伫立于雅典的帕特农神庙 |
| They were widely seen as the bedrock of Western art. | 它们普遍被视作西方艺术的奠基石 |
| Like many ancient sculptures, | 和许多古代雕塑一样 |
| the Elgin Marbles were once painted in rich colours, | 埃尔金石雕曾被涂上丰富的色彩 |
| which over the millennia, had washed away. | 但在千年岁月的洗礼中这些色彩都褪去了 |
| Yet, at one point, | 但不知从何时起 |
| we became convinced that these sculptures had always been white. | 我们开始相信这些雕塑本来就是白色 |
| And now, they were being made whiter than they had ever been before. | 现在它们更是被人为地变得前所未有的白 |
| The museum's director immediately put a stop to the cleaning | 博物馆馆长立刻叫停了这次清理作业 |
| and instituted an inquiry. | 并展开调查 |
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| The culprit was one Joseph Duveen, | 始作俑者原来是约瑟夫·杜温 |
| a rich and powerful art dealer | 一位有钱有势的艺术品掮客 |
| who had donated money for a new gallery to house the marbles, | 他捐资兴建了新的展厅用于陈列大理石雕 |
| but had asked for something in return. | 但他的捐赠是有条件的 |
| Joseph Duveen thought the Elgin Marbles were, | 约瑟夫·杜温认为 |
| quite frankly, the wrong colour. | 埃尔金石雕的颜色有问题 |
| They were too brown and, like the rest of antiquity, | 它们的颜色趋于棕褐而像其他古物一样 |
| they were supposed to be white. | 它们应当是白色的 |
| Duveen persuaded the museum staff | 杜温说服博物馆工作人员 |
| to whiten the Elgin Marbles | 把埃尔金石雕变白 |
| and evidence of their handiwork can still be seen today. | 他们的工作成果今天还清晰可辨 |
| This is Helios the Sun Chariot | 这是太阳神赫利俄斯 |
| and it's one of the objects the director saw | 馆长在1938年的那晚 |
| being cleaned that night in 1938. | 看到的那批正被清理的雕像之一 |
| You can see very clearly the effect of that cleaning. | 可以清楚地看到那次清理的效果 |
| On the right, this is before the cleaning. | 右侧是未经清理的部分 |
| It's dark, it's brown, it's sooty, it's shiny. | 颜色较暗发黑褐有光泽 |
| Here on the left, this is after the cleaning. | 左侧则是清理过的部分 |
| It's matt in texture, it's colourless and it's white. | 毫无光泽完全是白色的 |
| Back in the 1930s, | 在20世纪30年代 |
| Joseph Duveen's cleaning job caused a scandal. | 约瑟夫·杜温的清理行动引发了一场丑闻 |
| It has been said that the British Museum trustees of the day | 人们认为当时的大英博物馆管理委员会 |
| lost control of their museum. | 已经失去了对博物馆的控制 |
| In a sense, that's true. | 从某种意义上说这是真的 |
| The museum was unduly influenced by the strength | 杜温对博物馆的影响力 |
| of personality of Duveen | 过于强大 |
| and the practice of scraping the surface of the sculptures | 刮除雕像表面的工作 |
| was not approved. | 并未受到批准 |
| That's the important thing to get across. | 知道这一点很重要 |
| It was not an approved action. | 该项行为并未受到批准 |
| We must get this into proportion, | 我们还要知道 |
| the surface removal, | 所谓刮除表面 |
| we're talking of a fraction of a millimetre | 除掉部分不到一毫米 |
| and of course it wasn't every sculpture that was cleaned. | 而且当然并不是所有雕像都被清理了 |
| It probably doesn't much affect the moral question | 即便我们试图弱化犯下的错误 |
| if we try to mitigate what was done. | 却也掩饰不了道德上的缺失 |
| I don't want to defend it. | 我也无意为其辩解 |
| What would be the point? | 有什么意义呢 |
| It was 70 years ago. | 都是70年前的事了 |
| I wasn't alive and everybody who was involved then is dead. | 我还没有出生所有当事人也都已过世 |
| But there was already a history to the surface of the sculptures | 雕像的表面是有其历史的 |
| and it is part of that history that we add another chapter. | 而我们为这段历史加上了新的一章 |
| The debate over the cleaning will, no doubt, go on, | 关于这次清理的辩论无疑将会继续 |
| but in our story of white, | 但在我们关于白色的故事里 |
| there's a more intriguing issue at stake. | 还有更为引人入胜的一个问题 |
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| The big questions for me are these | 对我而言更重要的问题是 |
| why was Duveen so desperate for these sculptures to be white? | 为什么杜温坚持这些雕塑应该是白色的 |
| To even go to the lengths to damage the sculptures | 以至于宁愿损坏雕塑 |
| to make them whiter | 使其变得更白 |
| and why, when all the evidence points the other way, | 为什么在所有证据都表明 |
| when we know that the ancient Greeks covered their sculptures in colour, | 古希腊人为他们的雕塑上过色 |
| do most of us still think, secretly, that they should be white? | 很多人私下依然认为它们应该是白色的 |
| In my mind, | 我认为 |
| one man is above all responsible for the whitewashing of antiquity, | 有一个人应该对这些古物刷白行动负全责 |
| and in doing so, | 他的行为 |
| he planted white at the centre of European culture | 使白色在接下来的几个世纪内 |
| for centuries to come. | 在欧洲文化的核心生根发芽 |
| And his name was Johann Joachim Winckelmann. | 他的名字就是约翰·约阿希姆·温克尔曼 |
| JJ Winckelmann was born in 1717 | JJ·温克尔曼于1717年生于 |
| in a rural town in what is now Eastern Germany. | 今天德国东部的一个村镇 |
| His parents wanted him to follow the family profession | 他的父母希望他能子承父业 |
| and embrace the noble trade of the cobbler. | 继续做个了不起的鞋匠 |
| But they should have known | 他们本该知道 |
| that young JJ was not well suited to such a fate. | 这样的命运并不适合年轻的JJ |
| Winckelmann was not the typical 18th century cobbler's son. | 温克尔曼不是典型的18世纪鞋匠的儿子 |
| He was gay, | 他是同性恋 |
| his dress sense was extravagant to say the least. | 穿衣品味至少也可称得上是奢侈 |
| He had a penchant for skin-tight leather trousers | 他酷爱紧身皮裤 |
| and he was a fiercely ambitious intellectual. | 还是个野心勃勃的知识分子 |
| So naturally, he longed to set foot in more cosmopolitan surroundings. | 自然而然地他向往更为广阔的生活 |
| In 1748, Winckelmann fetched up in Dresden. | 1748年温克尔曼来到德累斯顿 |
| It wasn't long before he made a discovery that would change his life. | 很快他就有了将会改变一生的发现 |
| Winckelmann had stumbled on a vast storeroom | 温克尔曼无意中发现一个大储藏室 |
| filled with ancient white statues. | 里面装满了古代的白色雕塑 |
| And they came in all shapes and sizes. | 尺寸不同造型各异 |
| There was plenty to, shall we say, feast his eyes on. | 可以说这些让他目不暇接 |
| There were buttocks aplenty, | 丰满的臀部 |
| there were ripped muscular torsos | 肌肉发达的身躯 |
| and there was even the odd genital. | 甚至还有奇特的生殖器 |
| These white sculptures were the most wonderful objects | 这些白色雕塑是温克尔曼见过的 |
| that Winckelmann had ever seen | 最美的事物 |
| and he decided there and then | 所以他当即决定 |
| to dedicate his life to persuading the world of their beauty. | 致力于向世界展示它们的美丽 |
| He knew that he had to begin in Rome. | 他知道他必须从罗马开始 |
| Winckelmann arrived here in 1755. | 温克尔曼于1755年来到这里 |
| He found it littered | 发现这里到处散落着 |
| with white columns and marbles from antiquity. | 古代的白色圆柱和大理石 |
| He immediately set to work on a tome | 他立刻着手写作一部巨著 |
| in which he celebrated all the wonderful white marble that he found. | 描绘他发现的白色大理石之美 |
| Words spill from his pen as he swooned over the Belvedere Torso. | 他著文歌颂贝维德雷的躯干 |
| And the writhing limbs of the Laocoon. | 以及拉奥孔雕像那缠绕的肢体 |
| Winckelmann's scribblings eventually attracted the attention of the Vatican | 温克尔曼的作品终于吸引了罗马教廷的注意 |
| who appointed him keeper of their antiquities, | 他被任命为教会古董的保管者 |
| a distinguished post once held by Raphael. | 拉斐尔也曾接任过这一高贵的职位 |
| And it was in the Vatican that Winckelmann set eyes on a sculpture | 在罗马教廷温克尔曼见到了一座雕像 |
| that would inspire him like no other. | 从中找到了前所未有的灵感 |
| The Apollo Belvedere was thought to be a Roman copy | 望楼的阿波罗被认为是罗马时代的复制品 |
| of a Greek original made around 300 BC. | 其原型来自公元前300年的希腊 |
| Rosy beauty wantons all down the god-like figure. | 柔和的美感在这尊天神的雕塑上肆意绽放 |
| Such organs human nature knows not. | 这种美绝非凡间所有 |
| The liquid hair, like tendrils kissed by zephyrs. | 流动的发丝仿佛在微风的轻吻下有了生命 |
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