FROM 来自哪个镜像
MAINTAINER #(镜像的作者信息)
ADD #用于添加宿主机本地的文件、目录、压缩等资源到镜像里面去，会自动解压tar.gz格式的压缩包，不会自动解压zip
COPY #用于添加宿主机本地的文件、目录、压缩等资源到镜像里面去，不会解压任何压缩包
ENV #设置容器环境变量
EXPOSE #声明把容器的某些端口映射到宿主机
RUN yum install vim unzip -y && cd /etc/nginx #执行shell命令，但是一定要以非交互式的方式执行
USER nginx #指定运行操作的用户
VOLUME #定义volume
WORKDIR #用于定义工作目录
CMD #镜像启动为一个容器时候的默认命令或脚本， CMD ["/bin/bash"]
ENTRYPOINT #也可以用于定义容器在启动时候默认执行的命令或者脚本，如果是和CMD命令混合使用的时候，会将CMD的命令当做参数传递给ENTRYPOINT后面的脚本，可以在脚本中对参数做判断并相应的容器初始化操作。
ENTRYPOINT ["top", "-b"] == ENTRYPOINT ["top", "-b", "-c"]
CMD ["-c"]

基础镜像rocky

root@zhaohuakang:centos# ls
base.repo  build-command.sh  Dockerfile  filebeat-7.12.1-x86_64.rpm
root@zhaohuakang:centos# bash build-command.sh 
root@zhaohuakang:centos# cat base.repo 
[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux/$releasever/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.163.com/rocky/$releasever/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
        https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
        https://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.sdu.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/BaseOS/x86_64/os/       
gpgcheck=0

[AppStream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux/$releasever/AppStream/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.163.com/rocky/$releasever/AppStream/x86_64/os/
        https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/AppStream/x86_64/os/
        https://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/AppStream/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.sdu.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/AppStream/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0

[extras]
name=extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os
        http://mirrors.163.com/rocky/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os
        https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os
        https://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os
        http://mirrors.sdu.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os 
       
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[PowerTools]
name=CentOS-$releasever - PowerTools
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.163.com/rocky/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.sdu.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
        https://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.sdu.edu.cn/rocky/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=0


[epel]
name=EPEL
baseurl=https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch
        https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch
        https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch
        https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

root@zhaohuakang:centos# cat build-command.sh 
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t 15154213303/rockylinux:8.5 .
docker push 15154213303/rockylinux:8.5

root@zhaohuakang:centos# cat Dockerfile 
FROM rockylinux:8.5.20220308
LABEL maintainer="zhaohuakang <root@2718354047@qq.com>"
LABEL version=v1.0
ENV OS_VERSION=rockylinux:8.5
RUN  rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/* 
COPY base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
RUN  yum clean all &&  \
     rm -f  /etc/localtime && \
     ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && \ 
     yum -y install  procps-ng  bash-completion psmisc git  tree net-tools vim lsof iproute  &&  \
     rm -rf /var/cache/dnf/* && \
     groupadd -g 88 www && \
     useradd -g www -u 88 -r -s /sbin/nologin -M -d /home/www  www 
#CMD  tail -f /etc/hosts
CMD ["/bin/tail","-f","/etc/hosts"]   

nginx基础镜像

root@zhaohuakang:nginx02# ls
！  build.sh  Dockerfile  index.html  nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz  nginx.conf  test.html
root@zhaohuakang:nginx02# bash build.sh v1

root@zhaohuakang:nginx02# cat build.sh 
#!/bin/bash
tag=$1
docker build -t 15154213303/rocky-nginx:$tag . 
docker push 15154213303/rocky-nginx:$tag

root@zhaohuakang:nginx02# cat Dockerfile 
FROM 15154213303/rockylinux:8.5
LABEL author=zhaohuakang
ENV NGINX_VERSION=1.22.0
ADD nginx-${NGINX_VERSION}.tar.gz /usr/local
RUN yum -y install gcc make gcc-c++ libtool pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel  && \
    rm -rf /var/cache/dnf/* && \
    cd /usr/local/nginx-${NGINX_VERSION} && \
    ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx  && \
    make && make install && \
    rm -rf /usr/local/nginx* 
COPY nginx.conf /apps/nginx/conf/
VOLUME ["/data/nginx/html"]
EXPOSE 80
CMD /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -g "daemon off;"
COPY *.html /data/nginx/html/

root@zhaohuakang:nginx02# cat index.html 
<h1>  welcome to docker website </h1>

root@zhaohuakang:nginx02# egrep -v "#|^$" nginx.conf
user  www;
worker_processes  auto;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            root   /data/nginx/html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

运行访问nginx
docker run -ti -d --name nginx -p 80:80 15154213303/rocky-nginx:v1
http://10.0.0.10/