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linux版本：CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
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查看现有磁盘信息
$ fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000c54a5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vda1 * 2048 125829119 62913536 83 Linux Disk /dev/vdb: 161.1 GB, 161061273600 bytes, 314572800 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes可以看到，
/dev/vdb磁盘没有对应的设备信息，待挂载 -
使用
fdisk对新磁盘进行分区划分Linux fdisk是一个创建和维护分区表的程序，它兼容DOS类型的分区表、BSD或者SUN类型的磁盘列表。
$ fdisk /dev/vdb Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xc78ef89d. Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition g create a new empty GPT partition table G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) -
使用
fdisk的n指令新建分区，使用默认配置，使用w指令进行保存Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): Using default response p Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-314572799, default 2048): Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-314572799, default 314572799): Using default value 314572799 Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 150 GiB is set Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. -
再次查看磁盘信息
fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000c54a5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vda1 * 2048 125829119 62913536 83 Linux Disk /dev/vdb: 161.1 GB, 161061273600 bytes, 314572800 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0xfd187af4 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdb1 2048 314572799 157285376 83 Linux -
使用
mkfs命令在新磁盘上建立文件系统Linux mkfs命令用于在特定的分区上建立 linux 文件系统
-t : 给定档案系统的型式，Linux 的预设值为 ext2
-t : 给定档案系统的型式，Linux 的预设值为 ext2
$ mkfs -t ext4 -c /dev/vdb1 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 9830400 inodes, 39321344 blocks 1966067 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=2187329536 1200 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872 Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done -
挂载到指定目录
$ mkdir /foo $ mount /dev/vdb1 /foo $ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/vda1 60G 1.7G 59G 3% / devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 7.8G 8.4M 7.8G 1% /run tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/0 /dev/vdb1 148G 61M 140G 1% /foo -
使用
parted+print list查看分区信息$ parted /dev/vdb1 GNU Parted 3.1 Using /dev/vdb1 Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) print list Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vdb1: 161GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: loop Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 161GB 161GB ext4 Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vda: 215GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Disk Flags: Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 64.4GB 64.4GB primary xfs boot Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vdb: 161GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Disk Flags: Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 161GB 161GB primary ext4
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配置自动挂载
/etc/fstab文件： 当系统启动的时候，系统会自动地从这个文件读取信息，并且会自动将此文件中指定的文件系统挂载到指定的目录
# vim /etc/fstab，新增如下内容 /dev/vdb1 /foo xfs defaults 0 0
