先来张GIF图

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html

<article id="app">
    <select id="sel" @change="checkedParent()">
        <option v-for="opt in option" :value="opt.id" :name="opt.name">{{opt.name}}</option>
    </select>
    <span v-for="cate in category">
      <input  @click="checkedSonItem(cate)" type="checkbox" :name="cate.name" :value="cate.id" v-model="cate.sta"/>{{cate.name}}
    </span>
</article>

js

let app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    option: [
      {id: 0, name: '其他',selected:true},
      {id: 1, name: '大力水手'},
      {id: 2, name: '天眼神虎/天眼'},
      {id: 3, name: '小园'},
      {id: 4, name: '熊二'}
    ],
    category: [
      {id: 0, name: '牛皮糖', sta: false},
      {id: 1, name: '蜂蜜', sta: false},
      {id: 2, name: '菠菜', sta: false},
      {id: 3, name: '甜筒', sta: false}
    ],
    //定义一个二维数组
    arr2: [
      [
        //其他
      ],
      [
        //大力水手
        2
      ],
      [
        //天眼神虎/天眼
        0,3
      ],
      [
        //小园
        0,1,2,3
      ],
      [
        //熊二
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  methods: {
    checkedParent: function() {
      let that=this;
      //选择的出行场景id
      let num=Number(sel.options[sel.selectedIndex].value);
      //arr就是 当前出行场景 对应的 条件id数组
      let arr =  that.arr2[num];
      //将所有条件选择框重置为false
      that.category.forEach(function(info) {info.sta = false});

      for( var i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
        that.category.forEach(function(info) {
          if(info.id == arr[i]){
            info.sta = true;
          }
        });
      }
    },
    checkedSonItem: function(info) {
      if(info.sta){
        info.sta = false;
      }else{
        info.sta = true;
      }

      let len = 0;
      this.category.forEach(function(item) {
        if(item.sta==true){
          len++;
        }
      });
      let arr = new Array(len);
      let n = 0;
      this.category.forEach(function(item) {
        if (item.sta==true) {
          arr[n] = item.id;
          n++;
        }
      });

      //arr 就是所有的选中的出行条件的id数组
      //遍历arr2
      for(var i=0;i<this.arr2.length;i++){
        //bean是一个出行场景
        let bean = this.arr2[i];
        //判断当前出行场景id数组arr  是否与  选中的出行条件的id数组bean 完全相同（顺序可以不同）
        if( this.isContained(arr,bean) ){
          for(var f=0;f<sel.length;f++){
            sel[f].selected = false;
          }
          sel[i].selected = true;
          return;
        }
      }
      // 遍历option,让所有选项都隐藏
      for(var f=0;f<sel.length;f++){
        sel[f].selected = false;
      }
      //将“其他”选项显示
      sel[0].selected = true;
    },
    // 比较两个数组
    isContained(aa, bb) {
      for(var i = 0;i<bb.length;i++){
        var num = 0;
        for(var j=0;j<aa.length;j++){
          if(bb[i] == aa[j]){
            num++;
          }
        }
        if(num < 1){
          return false;
        }
      }
      for(var i = 0;i<aa.length;i++){
        var num = 0;
        for(var j=0;j<bb.length;j++){
          if(bb[j] == aa[i]){
            num++;
          }
        }
        if(num < 1){
          return false;
        }
      }
        return true;
    }
  }
})

css

select{
      width: 200px;
      height: 30px;
      line-height: 30px;
      box-shadow: 0 0 5px #ccc;
      border: 1px solid #ccc;
      border-radius: 4px;
      position: relative;
      color: #393e46;
      display: inline-block;
      border: none;
      outline: none; /* 清除select聚焦时候的边框颜色 */

      appearance: none;/* 隐藏select的下拉图标 */
      -webkit-appearance: none;
      -moz-appearance: none;
      text-align: center;
}