es - 简书

一索引模板（用于通过模板匹配匹配到的所有索引）详细请点击

{

"order": 0, // 模板优先级

"template": "sample*", // 模板匹配的名称方式

"settings": {...}, // 索引设置

"mappings": {...}, // 索引中各字段的映射定义

"aliases": {...} // 索引的别名

}

（1）模板优先级：优先级越高，越优先执行，优先级高的会覆盖优先级的索引。

（2）模板匹配：当新建的索引时，所有以sample开头索引的会自动匹配该索引模板。

（3）索引设置：一般定义的有主分片，拷贝分片，自定义分析器，刷新时间，

一般分析器中有过滤器、分词器、标记过滤器。

映射字符过滤器（mapping char filter）、HTML过滤器（HTML Strip char filter）、格式替换过滤器（Pattern Replace char filter）。html_strip 字符过滤器去除所有的 HTML 标签。

（4）索引映射定义：有动态映射，自定义映射。

（5）索引别名：利用索引别名，可以实现零停机时间重新索引。

二传统数据库与ES之间对比

关系数据库es

DataBaseindex

Tabletype

RowDocument

ColumnField

注：type在es 7.0以后会为es创建唯一一个映射类型_doc

三以下的内容来源是es的官网

第一类：是关于index模板的API

在Index APIs 是创建索引的也就是相当于创建库，

一 Document APIs中的方法

1 CreateIndexRequest：这个请求时创建一个索引，在es中的索引相当于mysql 中创建一个数据库（create database XX）。

settings()方法中会设置主分区，拷贝分区，刷新时间。

mapping()方法配置映射的。

aliases()方法是给模板请别名。

以下是测试方法，请准备好开发环境(下载安装es及其es head可视化工具)

publicfinalstaticString ES_COLLECTION_NAME="first";publicResponseDatabuildIndexDB()throwsIOException{ CreateIndexRequest createIndexRequest=newCreateIndexRequest(); createIndexRequest.index(ES_COLLECTION_NAME);//setting中会设置主分区，拷贝分区，刷新时间createIndexRequest.settings(Settings.builder().put("index.number_of_shards","3") .put("index.number_of_replicas","2")); Map message=newHashMap<>(); message.put("type","text"); Map properties=newHashMap<>(); properties.put("message",message); Map mapping=newHashMap<>(); mapping.put("mapping",mapping);//动态映射createIndexRequest.mapping("{\n"+" \"properties\": {\n"+" \"message\": {\n"+" \"type\": \"text\"\n"+" }\n"+" }\n"+"}", XContentType.JSON);//起别名createIndexRequest.aliases("hanqiang");//可以为索引设置setting,mapping,aliases/*createIndexRequest.source("{\n" +

" \"settings\" : {\n" +

" \"number_of_shards\" : 1,\n" +

" \"number_of_replicas\" : 0\n" +

" },\n" +

" \"mappings\" : {\n" +

" \"properties\" : {\n" +

" \"message\" : { \"type\" : \"text\" }\n" +

" }\n" +

" },\n" +

" \"aliases\" : {\n" +

" \"twitter_alias\" : {}\n" +

" }\n" +

"}", XContentType.JSON);*/RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient(); CreateIndexResponse createIndexResponse=esClient.indices().create(createIndexRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT); String name=createIndexResponse.index(); System.out.println("获得创建的索引名称 "+name); RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(); }publicResponseDatacreateIndex()throwsIOException{ CreateIndexRequest createIndexRequest=newCreateIndexRequest(); createIndexRequest.index(ES_COLLECTION_NAME);//对于索引设置setting属性createIndexRequest.settings(Settings.builder()//主分片的个数.put("index.number_of_shards",3)//主分片的拷贝分片个数.put("index.number_of_replicas",2) ); Map message=newHashMap<>(); message.put("type","text");// message.put("analyzer","lowercase_analyzer");// message.put("index","analyzed");Map propertise=newHashMap<>(); propertise.put("message",message); Map mapping=newHashMap<>(); mapping.put("propertise",propertise); createIndexRequest.mapping(String.valueOf(mapping));//以下是通过source方法直接就可以设置 settings,mappings,aliases/*createIndexRequest.source("{\n" +

" \"settings\" : {\n" +

" \"number_of_shards\" : 1,\n" +

" \"number_of_replicas\" : 0\n" +

" },\n" +

" \"mappings\" : {\n" +

" \"properties\" : {\n" +

" \"message\" : { \"type\" : \"text\" }\n" +

" }\n" +

" },\n" +

" \"aliases\" : {\n" +

" \"twitter_alias\" : {}\n" +

" }\n" +

"}", XContentType.JSON);*/RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient();//同步CreateIndexResponse createIndexResponse=esClient.indices().create(createIndexRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//获取索引名称String name=createIndexResponse.index();//插入一条数据Users user=newUsers(); user.setAge(10); user.setName("han"); esClient.index(newIndexRequest(name).source(user, XContentType.JSON),RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//用完，之后一定养成关闭数据库的好习惯。RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(); }

2 DeleteIndexRequest是删除索引模板。

timeout()设置超时时间。

masterNodeTimeout()主节点超时时间。

publicResponseDatadeleteIndex()throwsIOException{ DeleteIndexRequest deleteIndexRequest=newDeleteIndexRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME); RestHighLevelClient esClient= RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient(); AcknowledgedResponse deleteIndexResponse=esClient.indices().delete(deleteIndexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//用完，之后一定养成关闭数据库的好习惯。RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(deleteIndexResponse); }

3 GetIndexRequest判断索引是否存在

public ResponseData existsIndex() throws IOException {

GetIndexRequest getIndexRequest=new GetIndexRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME);

RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient();

Boolean flag=esClient.indices().exists(getIndexRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

//用完，之后一定养成关闭数据库的好习惯。

RestClientConfig.close(esClient);

return ResponseData.success(flag);

}

第二类：是关于插入文本的API

1 IndexRequest 添加文本数据

publicResponseDatasaveDocument()throwsIOException{//连接数据库RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient(); Map jsonMap=newHashMap(2); jsonMap.put("name","han"); jsonMap.put("age","19"); jsonMap.put("sex","男"); jsonMap.put("numberId","11XXXXXXX1213x"); IndexRequest in=newIndexRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME).source(jsonMap, XContentType.JSON); IndexResponse indexResponse=esClient.index(in, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//用完，之后一定养成关闭数据库的好习惯。RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(indexResponse); }

2 BulkRequest 批量插入

publicResponseDatabulkDocument()throwsIOException{//连接数据库RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient(); BulkRequest bulkRequest=newBulkRequest();for(inti=0;i<6;i++){ Map jsonMap=newHashMap(); jsonMap.put("name","han*"+i); jsonMap.put("age","19*"+i); jsonMap.put("sex","男*"+i); jsonMap.put("numberId","11XXXXXXX1213*"+i); bulkRequest.add(newIndexRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME).source(jsonMap,XContentType.JSON)); } BulkResponse bulkResponse=esClient.bulk(bulkRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//用完，之后一定养成关闭数据库的好习惯。RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(bulkResponse); }

2.1 批量操作

publicResponseDatabulkCustomDocument()throwsIOException{//连接数据库RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient(); BulkRequest bulkRequest=newBulkRequest();//修改指定数据Map jsonMap=newHashMap<>(5); jsonMap.put("name","bulkCustomDocument方法的测试"); jsonMap.put("age","18测试"); jsonMap.put("sex","男测试"); jsonMap.put("numberId","1502222XXXXX2"); UpdateRequest updateRequest=newUpdateRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME,"Un0QDHUB_jnDNOQPxN3B"); updateRequest.doc(jsonMap); bulkRequest.add(updateRequest);//删除指定数据DeleteRequest deleteRequest=newDeleteRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME,"U30QDHUB_jnDNOQPxN3B"); bulkRequest.add(deleteRequest); BulkResponse bulkResponse=esClient.bulk(bulkRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//用完，之后一定养成关闭数据库的好习惯。RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(bulkResponse); }

3 UpdateRequest 修改操作

public ResponseData updateDocument() throws IOException {

//连接数据库

RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient();

//修改数据

Map<String,Object> jsonMap=new HashMap(5);

jsonMap.put("name","qiaa测试");

jsonMap.put("age","20测试");

jsonMap.put("sex","女测试");

jsonMap.put("numberId","111222XXXXX2");

UpdateRequest updateRequest=new UpdateRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME,"QX0ODHUB_jnDNOQP9t0P");

updateRequest.doc(jsonMap);

UpdateResponse updateResponse =esClient.update(updateRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

//用完，之后一定养成关闭数据库的好习惯。

RestClientConfig.close(esClient);

return ResponseData.success(updateResponse);

}

4 DeleteRequest 删除操作

publicResponseDatadeleteDocument()throwsIOException{//连接数据库RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient(); DeleteRequest deleteRequest=newDeleteRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME,"OJuOv3QBEFBKZIVoeLzv"); DeleteResponse deleteResponse=esClient.delete(deleteRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//用完，之后一定养成关闭数据库的好习惯。RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(deleteResponse); }

5 GetRequest判断是否存在

publicResponseDatagetDocument()throwsIOException{//连接数据库RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient(); GetRequest getRequest=newGetRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME,"Un0QDHUB_jnDNOQPxN3B");//由于exists()仅返回true或false，因此我们建议您关闭提取功能_source和所有存储的字段，这样请求的内容会稍微减轻一些getRequest.fetchSourceContext(newFetchSourceContext(false));//禁用获取存储的字段。getRequest.storedFields("_none_"); GetResponse getResponse=esClient.get(getRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//用完，之后一定养成关闭数据库的好习惯。RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(getResponse); }

第三类：是关于搜索文本的API

1 SearchRequest 查询全部数据

publicResponseDatasearchAll()throwsIOException{ RestHighLevelClient esClient= RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient(); SearchRequest searchRequest=newSearchRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME); SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder=newSearchSourceBuilder(); searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()); searchRequest.source(searchSourceBuilder); SearchResponse searchResponse=esClient.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//关闭连接RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(searchResponse); }

2 多条件查询

publicResponseDatamanySearch()throwsIOException{ RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient(); MultiSearchRequest multiSearchRequest=newMultiSearchRequest(); SearchRequest first=newSearchRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME); SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder=newSearchSourceBuilder(); searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("sex","女测试")); first.source(searchSourceBuilder); multiSearchRequest.add(first); SearchRequest two=newSearchRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME); SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder1=newSearchSourceBuilder(); searchSourceBuilder1.query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("age","20")); two.source(searchSourceBuilder1); multiSearchRequest.add(two); MultiSearchResponse searchResponse=esClient.msearch(multiSearchRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//关闭连接RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(searchResponse); }

3 CountRequest 计数查询

publicResponseDatacountSearch()throwsIOException{ RestHighLevelClient esClient=RestClientConfig.restHighLevelClient(); CountRequest countRequest=newCountRequest(ES_COLLECTION_NAME); SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder=newSearchSourceBuilder(); searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()); countRequest.source(searchSourceBuilder); CountResponse countResponse=esClient.count(countRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//关闭连接RestClientConfig.close(esClient);returnResponseData.success(countResponse); }

这是一个公共方法连接和关闭es

@Configuration

@Slf4j

public class RestClientConfig {

public static RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient(){

RestHighLevelClient client=new RestHighLevelClient(

RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("127.0.0.1",9200,"http")));

//如果是集群

// RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(

// RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("127.0.0.1", 9200, "http")

// , new HttpHost("127.0.0.1", 9201, "http")

// , new HttpHost("127.0.0.1", 9202, "http")));

return client;

}

/**

* 关闭es连接

* @param client es客户端

* @throws IOException io异常

*/

public static void close(RestHighLevelClient client) {

try {

client.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

log.error("关闭es连接失败！",e);

}

}

es

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