事先准备好系统环境
- Window 10
- JDK1.8
- Eclipse Java EE IDE for Web Developers（Version: Neon Release (4.6.0)）
- Tomcat8.5
- Maven3.6
关于环境配置请参考我的其他文章
JavaEE开发环境搭建（基于Eclipse）https://www.jianshu.com/p/1b1a5a5c12f2
如何使用Eclipse创建Maven工程https://www.jianshu.com/p/9c70cf23c9e4
使用maven创建SSM框架
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选择Maven Project
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选择默认工作空间位置
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选择web类型
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填写GroupID、ArtifactID
Group ID：相当于一个组织
Artifact ID：相当于这个组织下的一个具体项目
Packege：根据Group ID和Artifact ID生成一个默认的名称
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创建出的maven项目如下图
提示错误：
解决办法：在eclipse中设置Server为Tomcat，注意JRE设置为安装的JDK的jre
在工程上右键，查看工程属性，找到Java Build Path，添加Server Runtime为Tomcat
点击Finish后，项目工程变成下图
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在项目上点击右键，查看项目信息
默认的Dynamic Web Module为2.3，使用Tomcat 8.5，需要修改为3.1
修改方法：
① maven工程所在目录有个.settings文件夹（默认隐藏）下面有个文件org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml
将内容改为：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<faceted-project>
<fixed facet="wst.jsdt.web"/>
<installed facet="java" version="1.8"/>
<installed facet="jst.web" version="3.0"/>
<installed facet="wst.jsdt.web" version="1.0"/>
</faceted-project>
② maven工程下的web.xml文件修改为
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1" metadata-complete="true">
</web-app>
③ pom.xml文件中修改build节点，添加如下内容
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
④ 修改后，在项目上右键，找到Maven属性下的Update Project，点击之
⑤ 选择该项目进行更新，如果怕不能强制更新，可以勾选Force Update of Snapshots/Releases
⑥ 点击OK后更新maven项目，再观察项目属性，Module已经变为3.1
下载ssm框架所需的jar包
修改pom.xml内容为
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.huyonghua</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ssm Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<!-- Spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 添加Servlet支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- JSP标准标签库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- AOP相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySQL相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.26</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.20</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring集成MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 单元测试相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssm</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
保存后，可以看到相关jar包被下载至本地仓库
完善项目结构
因为服务端maven项目的标准结构有四个子包：src/main/java、src/main/resources、src/test/java、src/test/resources，这里缺少了src/test/resources，所以手动补上。
在项目中新建Source Folder
创建src/test/resoures目录后，工程如下图所示
右键查看项目属性，点击Deployment Assembly，移除test和target
Web Deployment Assembly是eclipse中的发布路径设置，DeployPath表示每个资源发布之后的文件路径。eclipse中使用tomcat使用启动web项目的流程是 java build path编译项目源代码生成的class文件放到buildpath的设置路径中，根据web deployment assembly将项目中的各个资源发布到设置的指定文件中
框架测试
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创建项目中用的配置文件
log4j.properties
#USE THIS SETTING FOR OUTPUT MYBATIS`s SQL ON THE CONSOLE
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, Console
#Console
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=INFO
log4j.logger.org.apache=INFO
log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG
srping-core.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 开启AOP注解扫描 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" />
<!-- 事务管理器，依赖于数据源 -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 编写通知：对事务进行增强（通知），需要编写对切入点和具体执行事务细节 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!--
为切入点方法添加事务详情
name：方法名，*表示任意方法名称
propagation：设置传播行为
isolation：设置隔离级别
read-only：是否只读
-->
<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false" rollback-for="Exception" />
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false" rollback-for="Exception" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false" rollback-for="Exception" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- 设置AOP，让Spring自动对目标生成代理，需要使用AspectJ表达式 -->
<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
<!-- 切面：整合切入点和通知 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="within(com.huyonghua.web..*)" />
</aop:config>
<!-- 导入其他配置文件 -->
<import resource="spring-mybatis.xml" />
<!-- 扫描service -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.huyonghua.service"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 启动自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.huyonghua.web" />
<!-- 注册MVC注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 静态资源可访问的设置方式 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!-- 配置视图解析器，可以显式设置，也可以不设置，不设置会依据SpringMVC的默认设置 -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
spring-mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 定义数据源Bean -->
<!-- Druid -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="123456" />
</bean>
<!-- 注册SqlSessionFactoryBean -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自动扫描mappers.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/huyonghua/dao/*.xml"></property>
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- DAO接口所在包名，Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.huyonghua.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 设置实体别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.huyonghua.domain" />
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
配置web.xml启用spring容器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1" metadata-complete="true">
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- Spring配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-core.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 添加对springmvc的支持 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
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数据库插入测试数据
创建一个test数据库，并建一个userinfo的表，表结构如下
插入测试数据
-
编写服务端代码
User.java
package com.huyonghua.domain;
/**
* 用户信息
*/
public class User {
// 成员变量
private Integer userid;
private String username;
private String password;
// 构造函数
public User() {
super();
}
public User(Integer userid, String username, String password) {
super();
this.userid = userid;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
// 成员方法
public Integer getUserid() {
return userid;
}
public void setUserid(Integer userid) {
this.userid = userid;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
UserDao.java
package com.huyonghua.dao;
import com.huyonghua.domain.User;
public interface UserDao {
public User findByUsername(String username);
}
UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.huyonghua.dao.UserDao">
<select id="findByUsername" parameterType="string" resultType="User">
SELECT * FROM userinfo WHERE username=#{username}
</select>
</mapper>
UserService.java
package com.huyonghua.service;
import com.huyonghua.domain.User;
public interface UserService {
public User findUserByName(String name);
}
UserServiceImpl.java
package com.huyonghua.service.impl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.huyonghua.dao.UserDao;
import com.huyonghua.domain.User;
import com.huyonghua.service.UserService;
@Service
@Transactional
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@Override
public User findUserByName(String name) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return this.userDao.findByUsername(name);
}
}
UserController.java
package com.huyonghua.web;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.huyonghua.domain.User;
import com.huyonghua.service.UserService;
/**
* 用户控制器
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public ModelAndView login(User model, HttpSession session) {
User user = userService.findUserByName(model.getUsername());
if (user == null || !user.getPassword().equals(model.getPassword())) {
return new ModelAndView("redirect:/login.jsp");
} else {
session.setAttribute("user", user);
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.setViewName("index");
return mav;
}
}
}
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编写客户端代码
login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/user/login.do" method="post">
<label>账号：</label>
<input type="text" id="txtUsername" name="username" placeholder="请输入账号" /><br/>
<label>密码：</label>
<input type="password" id="txtPassword" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码" /><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
<input type="reset" value="重置" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>主页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>欢迎，${user.username }</h3>
</body>
</html>
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发布项目到tomcat
右键项目-->run as-->run on server
本文源码已发布到我的github仓库，欢迎大家Fork and Star!
git@github.com:goldfather008/ssm.git
问题
tomcat运行报错。The Tomcat server configuration at \Servers\Tomcat v7.0 Server at localhost-config is missing. Check the server for errors.
原因：可能不小心删除了Project Explorer下的Server
解决办法：Window-Preferences-Server-Server Runtime Environments重新关联就可以了
查询数据库时发现报错Invalid bound statement (not found)
原因：mybaits的配置文件与接口调用没有对应，一般情况是Mapepr.xml文件中nameapce没有和mapper接口发生映射，导致mybatis绑定失败，检查是否正确配置映射
tomcat在eclipse里面能正常启动，而在浏览器中访问http://localhost:8080/不能访问，且报404错误。同时其他项目页面也不能访问。
关闭eclipse里面的tomcat，在tomcat安装目录下双击startup.bat手动启动tomcat服务器。访问http://localhost:8080/能正常访问tomcat管理页面。
原因：eclipse将tomcat的项目发布目录（tomcat 目录中的webapp）重定向了,所以你会发现在tomcat安装目录下的webapp目录里面找不到你的项目文件。
解决办法：重新配置下tomcat服务器：
在eclipse中的server页面，双击tomcat服务，会看到如图所示的配置页面：
可以看到红圈中选择的是 Use workspace metadata(does not modify Tomcat installion)
如果该tomcat中部署了项目的话，这红圈中的选项会灰掉不能修改，要修改必须得先把tomcat中的部署的服务都移除。
通过右键单击tomcat服务器选择 Add and Remove，在弹出的对话框中移除已部署的项目。移除完确定后，将看到上面的选项面板部分可编辑了。
选择Use tomcat installation(Task control of Tomcat installation) 即选择tomcat的安装目录来作为项目的发布目录。
然后,下来四行,看到"Deploy Path"了没?它后面的值默认是"wtpwebapps",把它改成"webapps",也就是tomcat
中发布项目所在的文件夹名字。
修改后关掉该页面，保存配置。这样就将项目部署到了tomcat安装目录下的webapp
