参考:
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/20660984
0.使用fragment时,注意事项:
- 最好要保留系统默认的无参构造,如果要传递参数,使用 fragment.setArguments来传,此种方式传递的参数,在 fragment 被回收重建时,可通过getArgument获取得到;
- 系统回收重建fragment时,会调用fragment的无参构造,这也是保留默认无参构造的原因;
- fragment可以简单理解为一个 布局,即,类似于LinearLayout这样,所以,默认它的事件可穿透的,如果不允许,可设置fragment 的布局 clickable为true;
1.嵌套 Fragment 遇到问题(使用嵌套fragment要特别注意)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Child FragmentManager was not destroyed and this fragment is not retaining instance
嵌套fragment就是fragment中,存在其他子fragment的情况,我们使用 getChildFragmentManager来添加子fragment,在内存不够时,回收时,处理不好就会报这个异常;
解决方法:
在父fragment 的 onSaveInstanceState 移除掉 子fragment,下次子fragment完全重建;
private void removeNeedFillFragment() {
needFillFragment = (NeedFillFragment) getChildFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(NeedFillFragment.class.getName());
if (needFillFragment != null) {
final FragmentTransaction transaction = getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
transaction.remove(needFillFragment).commitAllowingStateLoss(); // 不让其缓存
Logger.e("flow_center", "》》》》》移除子fragment");
}
needFillFragment = null;
}
/**
* 移除子Fragment
*/
@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
removeNeedFillFragment(); // 回收时,先移除子fragment,再调用super
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
}
** 纠正错误:**
不能使用此方法,当Activity不可见时,onSaveXXX方法会执行,这个时候,就出现问题,nestFragment将消失;
应这样解决,采用findFragmentByTag这种形式来,存在,不管,不存在则添加
2.状态丢失 can not perform this action after onSaveInstance
(使用fragment,dialogFragment经常遇到此种问题)
想必这个问题,遇到的不少,请参考:
http://www.androiddesignpatterns.com/2013/08/fragment-transaction-commit-state-loss.html
建议方式:
- 非常小心提交 commit,如在:在onActivityResult,千万不要提交;
- 回调方法中,提交先判断Activity的状态,如:isFinish();
- 使用 commitAllowStateLoss(),如果不需要维护状态,可使用此方法提交;
来自stackOverFlow的解决方法(代码量有点多):
使用自定义handler来记录activity,并使用自定义handler来提交;
public abstract class PauseHandler extends Handler {
/**
* Message Queue Buffer
*/
final Vector<Message> messageQueueBuffer = new Vector<Message>();
/**
* Flag indicating the pause state
*/
private boolean paused;
/**
* Resume the handler
*/
final public void resume() {
paused = false;
while (messageQueueBuffer.size() > 0) {
final Message msg = messageQueueBuffer.elementAt(0);
messageQueueBuffer.removeElementAt(0);
sendMessage(msg);
}
}
/**
* Pause the handler
*/
final public void pause() {
paused = true;
}
/**
* Notification that the message is about to be stored as the activity is
* paused. If not handled the message will be saved and replayed when the
* activity resumes.
*
* @param message the message which optional can be handled
* @return true if the message is to be stored
*/
protected abstract boolean storeMessage(Message message);
/**
* Notification message to be processed. This will either be directly from
* handleMessage or played back from a saved message when the activity was
* paused.
*
* @param message the message to be handled
*/
protected abstract void processMessage(Message message);
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
*/
@Override
final public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
if (paused) {
if (storeMessage(msg)) {
Message msgCopy = new Message();
msgCopy.copyFrom(msg);
messageQueueBuffer.add(msgCopy);
}
} else {
processMessage(msg);
}
}
}
使用:
/**
* Handler for this activity
*/
public ConcreteTestHandler handler = new ConcreteTestHandler();
/**
* 执行网络请求
*/
private void doNetwork() {
NetWorkManager.request(...,
new SimpleRequestCallback<String>(null, false, true) {
@Override
public void onSuccess(final ResponseInfo<String> info) {
super.onSuccess(info);
// 2.移除加载框 (修改:避免 异常 onSaveInstanceState 异常)
handler.sendMessage(handler.obtainMessage(MSG_WHAT, MSG_REMOVE_DIALOG));
....
....
}
/**
* Used for "what" parameter to handler messages
*/
final static int MSG_WHAT = 22;
final static int MSG_REMOVE_DIALOG = 1;
/**
* Message Handler class that supports buffering up of messages when the
* activity is paused i.e. in the background.
*/
static class ConcreteTestHandler extends PauseHandler {
/**
* Activity instance
*/
protected Activity activity;
final void setActivity(Activity activity) {
this.activity = activity;
}
@Override
final protected boolean storeMessage(Message message) {
return true;
}
@Override
final protected void processMessage(Message msg) {
final Activity activity = this.activity;
if (activity != null) {
switch (msg.what) {
case MSG_WHAT:
// 在这里提交
break;
}
}
}
}
3.fragment重建问题:
系统回收时,会保留fragment状态,如果在创建 activity时,再次创建fragment,就导致fragment重新创建;
解决就是,判断状态
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstance) {
if (savedInstance == null) {
// 创建fragment,并添加到其activity中
}
}