上文： win10安装docker入门
启动cmd
1.搜索mysql
C:\Users\Administrator>docker search mysql
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 7641 [OK]
mariadb MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS… 2492 [OK]
mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create… 579 [OK]
zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql Zabbix Server with MySQL database support 158 [OK]
hypriot/rpi-mysql RPi-compatible Docker Image with Mysql 103
zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql Zabbix frontend based on Nginx web-server wi… 84 [OK]
centurylink/mysql Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link… 59 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 48 [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 45
mysql/mysql-cluster Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr… 39
tutum/mysql Base docker image to run a MySQL database se… 31
bitnami/mysql Bitnami MySQL Docker Image 23 [OK]
schickling/mysql-backup-s3 Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backup… 23 [OK]
zabbix/zabbix-proxy-mysql Zabbix proxy with MySQL database support 19 [OK]
linuxserver/mysql A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe… 18
centos/mysql-56-centos7 MySQL 5.6 SQL database server 12
circleci/mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 9
mysql/mysql-router MySQL Router provides transparent routing be… 8
openshift/mysql-55-centos7 DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 image… 6
dsteinkopf/backup-all-mysql backup all DBs in a mysql server 5 [OK]
openzipkin/zipkin-mysql Mirror of https://quay.io/repository/openzip… 1
jelastic/mysql An image of the MySQL database server mainta… 1
ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL 0 [OK]
cloudfoundry/cf-mysql-ci Image used in CI of cf-mysql-release 0
cloudposse/mysql Improved `mysql` service with support for `m… 0 [OK]
2.下载mysql镜像
C:\Users\Administrator>docker pull mysql
3.查看镜像，可见已经有了mysql镜像
C:\Users\Administrator>docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 5 days ago 1.84kB
tomcat latest 16c3009a3981 10 days ago 475MB
mysql latest f991c20cb508 7 weeks ago 486MB
4.启动mysql
C:\Users\Administrator>docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=mypwd -d mysql --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
-p 3306:3306 将mysql容器的3306端口映射到docker宿主机的3306端口，格式为：-p 宿主机端口:mysql容器端口
--name mysql 将容器命名为mysql
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=mypwd 设置mysql容器root用户密码为mypwd，
-d 让容器后台运行
mysql 第三步中容器的REPOSITORY，有时候格式可能为REPOSITORY:TAG,tag表示版本号，如果不加默认为latest
--character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci 关于mysql容器编码的一些配置
5.查看运行中的容器
C:\Users\Administrator>docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
92d7fb46aff2 mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 27 minutes ago Up 27 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
由于我本地主机中也安装了mysql，而docker也是安装在我本地主机的，访问mysql容器时也是用的localhost:3306,所以我先把本地主机的mysql关掉：
以管理员身份运行cmd：
net stop mysql
此时使用navicat连接docker中的mysql容器会报错：
Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server;consider upgrading MySQL client
客户端不支持服务器请求的身份验证协议;考虑升级MySQL客户端
解决方案一：
1.进入mysql交互端
C:\Users\Administrator>docker exec -it mysql bash
root@92d7fb46aff2:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
2.查看用户信息
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host | user | plugin | authentication_string |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| % | root | caching_sha2_password | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$5 E'>8/ke(u\jN'�rOs�eaTTZakHfcPsxxp97i3zwDjUsxR66ARWIVtnpBt3Aa9 |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
备注：host为 % 表示不限制ip localhost表示本机使用 plugin非mysql_native_password 则需要修改密码
3.这里我们修改host为%，user为root的信息，至于修改localhost root的行不行，未测试。
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'newpassword';
#更新一下用户的密码 root用户密码为newpassword
4.退出mysql容器交互
mysql> exit;
Bye
root@92d7fb46aff2:/# exit
exit
C:\Users\Administrator>
此时再次连接，则连接成功，这里连接用的root用户，当然也可以新建用户，赋予权限，不再赘述。
其他解决思路：
刚才不才运行mysql时使用的命令为:
docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
可以在运行mysql容器时指定用户名密码，参考文档：https://blog.csdn.net/MaxWoods/article/details/81329953
也可以通过自定义配置文件的方式来运行容器。
上述方案并未亲测，自行解决。
