Lesson 21
单词讲解
- give v. 给
- which pron. 哪一个;哪一些
语法讲解
- 双宾语动词
give(You give me a book:me,a book 都作为宾语)
单词句型讲解
- empty 空的(An empty house:An empty前辅后元可以拼读)
- full 满的(I'm full:我饱了;a full stop:句号;a full time job:一份全职工作)
- large:大的(强调面积,This room is large:这个房间很大)
- little:小的
- sharp:锋利的(The knife is sharp.这刀很锋利)
- blunt:钝的(My English is blunt.我的英语不熟练了)
- small:小的
- bottle:瓶子
- tin:易拉罐
- forks:叉子
- spoon:勺子
知识拓展
bows and chopsticks(碗筷)
Lesson 23
单词讲解
- on prep. 在…之上(on the table;on the floor;on the bed)
- shelf n. 架子,搁板(复数:shelves;bookshelf:书架;shelf life:保质期)
课文讲解
指示代词:
this:这个;these:这些;that:那个;those:那些;
语法讲解
双宾语动词
- teach (teach you English)
- write (write him a letter)
- send (send her an e-mail)
- offer (offer you a job)
- read (read me this letter)
- post (post him a letter)
- sell (sell her a new car;her:间接宾语;a new car:直接宾语)
单词句型讲解
- desk n. 桌子(office desk:办公桌;school desk:课桌)
- table n. 桌子 (tea table:茶几)
- plate n. 盘子
- cupboard n. 食橱(连读)
- cigarette n. 香烟(cigar:雪茄)
- television n. 电视
- dressing table n. 梳妆台
- magazine n. 杂志
Lesson 25
单词讲解
- Mrs. :夫人
- kitchen :厨房
- refrigerator : 冰箱(平时简称:fridge)
- right:右边(on the right:在右边)
- electric :带电的(an electric shaver:电动剃须刀)
- cooker:炉子,炊具(cook:厨师)
- in the middle of:在…中间(The table is in the middle of the room.)
语法讲解
拥有:have
存在:There be …
Where is XX?(XX在哪儿?)
Lesson 27
单词讲解
- armchair n. 扶手椅
语法讲解
- in:在里面
特例:on the tree:长在树上;in the tree:在树上; - on:在上面
He is on the plane/train/ship(甲板上习惯用on)
单词句型讲解
- trousers n. 长裤
Lesson 29
单词讲解
- untidy:不干净的
- air n. 空气 v. 使空气流通
- book v. 预定 n. 书
- water v. 浇水 n. 水
- dust v.清扫灰尘 n.灰尘
- put v. 放 (Put the book on the table.把书放桌上)
- clothes :衣服(单复数同形:people fish sheep hair)
- wardrobe:大衣柜
- sweep : 清扫
课文讲解
- 祈使句
A.没有主语 B.动词开头
Come in;Go out; - What must I do?(我该做什么?)
What must I say\read\clean...?
Where must I go\live\stay...?
Who must I meet\love\care...?
Which must I like\take\find...? - make the bed(整理床铺)
语法讲解
1.祈使句:用来表示命令、请求、建议等;
A. 表示命令:动词原形+…(Shut the door.)
B. 表示请求:please + 动词原形 + …(Please give me it.)
C. 表示建议:Let's + 动词原形+…(Let's go,ok?)
单词句型讲解
- empty adj.空的 v. 清空
- sharpen:使锋利(adj.+en=v. shorten:缩短 weaken:削弱)
- put on & take off(带上穿上&拿下脱下)
- turn on & turn off(打开关闭带电设备:turn on\turn off television)
知识拓展
洗手间表达方式:
bathroom;restroom;washroom;toilet;loo(口语化的)lady's room\man's room(lady's\man's)
Lesson 31
单词讲解
- garden n. 花园(gardener:园丁;gardening:园艺)
- under prep. 在…之下(in the sun:太阳下)
- tree n. 树(family tree:家谱;clothes tree:衣帽架;)
- climb v. 爬,攀登(climb the tree/mountain)
- grass n. 草 不可数
- after prep. 在…之后(the day after tomorrow\before yesterday:后天\前天)
- across prep.穿过
课文讲解
What about ……?表示询问;征求意见
I would like a cup of coffee.What about you?
I am a teacher.What about you?
What about this dress?
What about his English?
语法讲解
时态
时态包括“时”和“体”。
表达动作发生的时间
- 现在进行时:目前正在发生的动作
主语 + am/is/are + 动词 + ing.(be动词不翻译)
动词+ing(现在分词)
动词直接加ing(walking;reading;seeing;going;)
动词以不发音的字母e结尾,去e加ing(come coming;make making;smoke smoking)
动词拼写以辅音+元音+辅音且元音重读,双写辅音字母加ing(sit sitting;swim swimming)
I watch TV. I am watching TV.
We clean the room. We are cleaning the room
单词句型讲解
- type v. 打字
- eat v. 吃
eat breakfast/an apple/some bread(吃早餐/一个苹果/一些面包)
eat soup/porridge(喝汤/喝粥)
take medicine(吃药)
suck the breast(吃奶) - bone n.骨头
- tooth n. 牙齿 (复数:teeth)
- meal n. 饭,一顿饭
- drink v. 喝
have tea/medicine/breakfast/soup/bread/cigarette(have除拥有还可以通用与吃喝等) - tap n. 水龙头(turn on/turn off the tap)
Lesson 33
单词讲解
- cloud :云
- shine :闪耀
- with :和…在一起(介词,不能代替动词;可表示人与人,人与物,物与物在一起)
He is with his new girlfriend - family :家庭,一家人,家属
- over :上方,跨越
- bridge :桥
过桥——over the bridge
他正在过桥——He is overing the bridge.(错误,over是介词而非动词)
He is going\walking\running over the bridge.
课文讲解
- 描述天气:it做主语。(It is fine today.:今天天气很好)
描述天气的句型结构:it is + adj.+时间
It is bad in spring(春天天气很糟糕) - …is with his family(…和他的家人一起)
今天的天气很好。天空中飘着几朵白云,但是阳光灿烂。Lucy和她的男朋友在一块儿。他们正在开车。Lucy正在看一只漂亮的小鸟。小鸟正从天上飞过。一些人从天桥上走过,他们很忙。
It is fine today.There are some clouds in the sky,but the sun is shining.Lucy is with her boyfriend.They are driving.Lucy is looking at a beautiful bird.The bird is flying in the sky.Some people are walking over the bridge.They are busy.
单词句型讲解
- shave:刮胡子(shaver:刮胡刀)
- wash:洗
- wait:等待(wait for me:等等我;look at;listen to;)
知识拓展
- 动词的分类:
连系动词(ex:is)
情态动词(ex:must)
实义动词(ex:wash)
助动词(ex:is) - 及物&不及物动词——实义动词
Lesson 35
单词讲解
- village n. 村庄
- valley n. 山谷
- another n. 另一个
- along prep. 沿着
- bank n. 河岸 银行
- park n. 公园 v. 泊车
课文讲解
- on
on (在……之上,接触的:There is a book on the table)
over (在……之上,不接触的:There is a bridge over the river)
on (在……旁边,a city on the coast)
on (在左右,on the right/left;穿上,put on your coat;打开,turn on the light;) - 英语人称顺序
单数人称遵循 第二人称、第三人称、第一人称的顺序
You,he and I must clean up the classroom.
复数人称遵循 第一人称、第二人称、第三人称的顺序
We,you and they must clean up the classroom. - across与over
across 从平面的一边到另一边
come across the street / run across the playground
over 翻越
climb over the gate / jump over the wall - out of 从……出来
Fish can't live out of water. - 整体中的部分
some of them(部分 of 整体)
Three of us are French.(我们中的三个是法国人)
One of them is a new student.(他们中的一个是新生)
语法讲解
定语:用来限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
Mary's room.(Mary's 是定语,room是被定语限定的词,此处是定语前置)
This is a photograph of our village.(定语后置)
作定语的名词是有生命的时候,往往采用名词所有格's的形式
作定语的名词是无生命的时候,往往采用名词所有格of的形式
这个房间的窗户是开着的(The window of this room is open)
单词句型讲解
- beside prep. 在……旁边
- off prep. 离开(I am off today.我今天不上班。20% off.八折)
Lesson 37
单词讲解
- hard adv. 努力地 adj. 艰苦的(副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词)
副词通常情况的位置:形容词前,动词后。(hard work:艰苦的工作;work hard:努力地工作) - paint 涂色,上色(paint the table:给桌子上色;painting:画)
- favourite(favorite):最喜欢的(What's your favorite color)
课文讲解
I'm going to paint it pink.(I:主语;paint:谓语;it:宾语;pink:宾补;'m going to :助词构成谓语)
for:为了某人(It's for you)对某人说(difficult for me)表原因(What are you sorry for?)
长达(I study Yoga for two years)
语法讲解
be going to 句型 ;预先计划和打算要做的事;主+is\am\are+going to 后面跟动词原形
I am going to go shopping this weekend(我打算这周末去逛街)
He is going to sell his old car, and buy a new one.(他打算卖了旧车买辆新的)
I am going to be busy next week.(我打算下周忙起来,be作为动词原形)
口语中:be going to = be gonna
疑问句be提前(Is she going to go shopping this weekend?)
否定句加not(She is not going to go shopping this weekend?)
知识拓展
使用be going to 句型描述自己的计划和打算
大家好!我是一名银行职员。我在北京工作。下个月我计划去厦门出差。我将在厦门呆两周,我一定会享受厦门清新的空气和灿烂的阳光,当然也一定会见见我的老同学。返回时我会坐火车。
Hi!I am a clerk in a bank.I work in Beijing.I am going to XiaMen next month.I am going to stay in XiaMen for two weeks.I am going to enjoy the fresh air and sunshine in XiaMen.And I am going to see my old classmate.I am going to come back by train.
Lesson 39
单词讲解
- front n. 前面(in front of 在…之前)
There is a boy in front of the car.(车的前面有一个男孩)
There is a boy in the front of the car.(车的前排有一个男孩) - careful adj. 小心的 仔细的(Be careful!当心)
- drop v. 掉下(drop the vase:把花瓶摔了)
课文讲解
do with :处理
What are you going to do with this dog?(你打算这么处理这只狗)
语法讲解
Give me some glasses -> Give some glasses to me(互换宾语意思不变但是更加强调me)
buy 、make 、get 互换宾语使用 for
Buy me a flower->Bug a flower for me
Make me a bookcase->Make a bookcase for me
Get me that hat->Get that hat for me
直接宾语是代词,往往用to或for的结构
Give me a book.->Give it to me(it 代替了 a book)
单词句型讲解
- take v. 带(take往往表示带走,bring表示带来)
take him the book -> take the book to him
bring me the book -> bring the book to me
知识拓展
Pass the newspaper to me
Hand the hammer to me
Teach English to you
Buy a gift for her