0x00 背景及介绍
申请一个微信公众平台订阅号，将后台接入到服务器上，验证服务器地址的有效性，实现简单的业务逻辑，根据用户发送不同类型的消息做出不同的反应。
0x01 语言和框架
- 语言：Python
- 框架：Django
- 开发包：wechat-python-sdk
- Github源码地址：
https://github.com/PorridgeEater/WeChat
0x02 参考文档
- 微信公众平台开发文档：
http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/home/index.html - sdk开发包文档：
http://wechat-python-sdk.com/
0x03 服务器配置
- 系统：CentOS
- 配置过程：
- 更新系统
yum update
- 安装python依赖包
yum groupinstall "Development tools"
yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
- 安装python和pip及更新
yum install python
yum install python-pip
(sudo) pip install --upgrade pip
- 安装Django框架
pip install Django
- 安装wechat-python-sdk开发包
pip install wechat-sdk
- 新建一个Django实例
django-admin.py startproject PROJECT_NAME
cd PROJECT_NAME
python manage.py startapp APP_NAME
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
- 添加url规则(urls.py)
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^wechat/', views.wechat_home),
]
- 编写views逻辑(views.py)
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')
from django.http.response import HttpResponse, HttpResponseBadRequest
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from wechat_sdk import WechatConf
from wechat_sdk import WechatBasic
from wechat_sdk.exceptions import ParseError
from wechat_sdk.messages import (TextMessage, VoiceMessage, ImageMessage, VideoMessage, LinkMessage, LocationMessage, EventMessage, ShortVideoMessage)
conf = WechatConf(
token='YOUR_TOKEN_HERE',
appid='YOUR_APPID',
appsecret='YOUR_APPSECRET',
encrypt_mode='YOUR_MODE',
encoding_aes_key='YOUR_AES_KEY'
)
@csrf_exempt
def wechat_home(request):
signature = request.GET.get('signature')
timestamp = request.GET.get('timestamp')
nonce = request.GET.get('nonce')
wechat_instance = WechatBasic(conf=conf)
if not wechat_instance.check_signature(signature=signature, timestamp=timestamp, nonce=nonce):
return HttpResponseBadRequest('Verify Failed')
else:
if request.method == 'GET':
response = request.GET.get('echostr', 'error')
else:
try:
wechat_instance.parse_data(request.body)
message = wechat_instance.get_message()
if isinstance(message, TextMessage):
reply_text = 'text'
elif isinstance(message, VoiceMessage):
reply_text = 'voice'
elif isinstance(message, ImageMessage):
reply_text = 'image'
elif isinstance(message, LinkMessage):
reply_text = 'link'
elif isinstance(message, LocationMessage):
reply_text = 'location'
elif isinstance(message, VideoMessage):
reply_text = 'video'
elif isinstance(message, ShortVideoMessage):
reply_text = 'shortvideo'
else:
reply_text = 'other'
response = wechat_instance.response_text(content=reply_text)
except ParseError:
return HttpResponseBadRequest('Invalid XML Data')
return HttpResponse(response, content_type="application/xml")
- 开启django app，后台挂载在80端口
sudo python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:80 &
0x04 微信后台配置
- 记录APPID和APPSecret填入views.py的conf属性
- 填写服务器配置
- 注意URL最后带上/，否则django会报POST URL error
- 自定义token，填入views.py的conf属性
- 自定义EncodingAESKey，填入views.py的conf属性
基本配置
0x05 遇到的坑
- runserver后本地能够访问，外网不能访问
- 绑定ip到0.0.0.0，设置为对公监听即可
- 输入中文无法响应
- import os后设置编码为utf8
- 端口号被占用
- ps aux | grep manage后然后kill -9 相应进程号
0x06 后记
-
能够识别不同的消息类型并进行相应回复
实现效果图 - 代码的功能还有待完善，结构和逻辑也可以再设计得更清晰一些
