10 Usability Heuristics for UI Design
form Jakob Nielsen
https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/
- 系统状态可视化
Visibility of system status
The system should always keep users informed about what is going on, through appropriate feedback within reasonable time.
系统页面应即时给出反馈，不论用户单击还是滚动，合理时间内能看到系统反馈。
- 环境贴切原则
Match between system and the real world
The system should speak the users' language, with words, phrases and concepts familiar to the user, rather than system-oriented terms. Follow real-world conventions, making information appear in a natural and logical order.
从用户角度出发，应尽可能贴近用户所在的环境（年龄、学历、文化、时代背景），而不要使用第二世界的语言。例：拟物化。
- 撤销重做原则
User control and freedom
Users often choose system functions by mistake and will need a clearly marked "emergency exit" to leave the unwanted state without having to go through an extended dialogue. Support undo and redo.
用户经常无意出错，应当设有撤销与重做。
- 一致性
Consistency and standards
Users should not have to wonder whether different words, situations, or actions mean the same thing. Follow platform conventions.
用户不必怀疑不同的话语、情景、或是操作代表同样的事情，遵循平台的公约。
- 防错原则
Error prevention
Even better than good error messages is a careful design which prevents a problem from occurring in the first place. Either eliminate error-prone conditions or check for them and present users with a confirmation option before they commit to the action.
通过网页的设计、重组或特别安排，淘汰掉有出错导向的条件或是在提交前设置确认操作等，防止用户出错。
- 易认原则
Recognition rather than recall
Minimize the user's memory load by making objects, actions, and options visible. The user should not have to remember information from one part of the dialogue to another. Instructions for use of the system should be visible or easily retrievable whenever appropriate.(Read full article on recognition vs. recall in UX.)
尽可能减少用户回忆负担，使用指引、操作可视化展示需要记忆的内容。
- 灵活高效原则
Flexibility and efficiency of use
Accelerators -- unseen by the novice user -- may often speed up the interaction for the expert user such that the system can cater to both inexperienced and experienced users. Allow users to tailor frequent actions.
根据实际用户情况，“少数服从多数”等贴合小白或是熟练者，使他们尽快适应流利的操作。
- 极简原则
Aesthetic and minimalist design
Dialogues should not contain information which is irrelevant or rarely needed. Every extra unit of information in a dialogue competes with the relevant units of information and diminishes their relative visibility.
突出重点，在信息单元对比下剔除不相关的内容
- 容错原则
Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors
Error messages should be expressed in plain language (no codes), precisely indicate the problem, and constructively suggest a solution.
平实表达错误信息，并想尽办法提供建议（非代码）挽回错误。
- 帮助原则
Help and documentation
Even though it is better if the system can be used without documentation, it may be necessary to provide help and documentation. Any such information should be easy to search, focused on the user's task, list concrete steps to be carried out, and not be too large.
依次递减：1、无需提示；2、一次性提示；3、常驻提示；4；帮助文档
日常App/Web 10条原则的体现
状态可视化
设置闹钟后，按钮呈绿色，所在条目高亮，右上角出现闹钟标志。
环境贴切原则
我的徽章等描述突出了用户的等级分化等，这种命名方式十分常见于打卡类app中。
撤销重做原则
用户可以选择删除自己的动态等、撤回消息同理。
一致性原则
“成也萧何败也萧何”
图2 中头像左侧夜间模式却在图1侧边栏 的字体点开才能找到
图1 中搜索框在图2中怎么也找不到？！
防错原则
很贴心的问多一次，确认？
但若是转发给多个人，微信自动会建群(;´༎ຶД༎ຶ`)那天我差点吓死！
并且这种方式建群不讲话没人发现，你还能选择默默删除群再退出。
易认原则
搜索栏中的自动联想免去了用户可以输入错误的长词或者其他
灵活高效原则
新手的指引已经是业内规范了，几乎每一个app都会有一定的用户提示，从知乎的文字版指南到faceu的阴影下引诱点击教学都是很好的一种体现。
极简易读性原则
几乎所有的app都含有通知类型的圆点，很好的吸引了用户的注意，第一眼高效处理完工作。
** 容错原则**
这个404页面除了提供了一些重要的链接之外，还提供了几个秘密链接，当用户点开之后，会发现一些颇为不错的音乐。这种方式会增加网站的黏度。
帮助原则
在选好返程日期后，会有灰色区域引导点击去程日期，很贴心的小助手。
同样知乎指南、简书markdown链接说明也是同理。
- 生活中的任意设计，10条原则的正例与反例会在后期不断更新。
