强化练习200题(一)101-150

101、[单选]—家公司转向采用跨职能团队进行项目开发的敏捷方法,并将项目经理分配到一个关键的项目。项目经理应该如何避免员工辞职的可能性?

A company switches to an agile approach for project development with cross-functional teams,and assigns a project manager to a critical project.What should the project manager use to avoid any possibility of employees resigning?

 A:进行圆桌讨论、研讨会和一对一的会议

Conduct roundtable discussions,workshops,workshops,and one-on-one meetings.

 B:成立一个委员会来确定敏捷方法

Establish a committee to work on defining agile approaches.

 C:要求人力资源部门参与该项目以协助员工管理

Ask the human resource department to become involved in the project to assist with employee management.

 D:为所有项目团队成员协商更好的工资或项目奖金

Negotiate better salaries or project bounses for all project team members.

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:参考答案:A 解析:pmbok6的342页9.4.2.8建设团队工具技术-会议:项目经理主要是为团队创造环境,提供支持并信任团队完成工作。

102、[单选]项目经理发现没有关于需要哪些部门资源的信息,应该在哪一份文件中更新该信息?

A project manager discovers that there is no information on what department resources are requirewhat document should be updated with this information?

 A:项目章程

Project charter

 B:组织结构图

Organizational chart

 C:项目管理计划

Project management plan

 D:风险管理计划

Risk management plan

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:9.1 规划资源管理 资源信息应该包含在资源管理计划中,属于项目管理计划一部分。此题容易错选B,组织结构图也是一种资源信息。

103、[单选]一个项目的团队成员正在使用问题管理程序,但问题描述经常填写不正确,从而导致减慢速度,项目经理已经与团队进行交谈,但没有观察到任何改进。项目经理应该怎么做?

Team member on a project are using issue management procedures, but issue description are often completed incorrectly, which slows progress. The project manager has spoken with the team, but not improvement has been observe What should the project manager do?

 A:创建一个小组委员会,以改进编写问题描述的过程

Create a subcommittee to improve the process for writing issue descriptions

 B:跟踪表现差的人并在下次绩效评审中说明该问题

Track poor performers and address the issue at their next performance review

 C:向团队提供有关此问题导致的返工量反馈

Provide feedback to the team regarding the amount of rework that has resulted from this problem

 D:增加团队检查的频率

Increase the frequency of team inspections

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:9.5.2 管理团队:工具与技术 团队经常犯小错误且屡教不改,可能是不了解该错误带来的后果,所以应该提供反馈,以便大家重视并积极改正。排除法,A,不是流程问题;B“下次”没有及时解决问题,避免造成更多问题;C用后果说服他;D检查只能发现,不能防止。

104、[单选]一位新项目经理负责管理一个处于规划阶段之后的项目。新项目经理应该审查什么以确定团队的角色和职责?

A new project manager assumes a project after its planning phase, what should the new project manager review To identify the team’s roles and responsibilities ?

 A:组织结构图

Organizational chart

 B:资源管理计划

Resource management plan

 C:项目章程

project charter

 D:工作分解结构(WBS)

Work breakdown structure (WBS)

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:资源管理计划中包含角色和职责,如果有RAM或RACI则更好。制定资源管理计划时用到的一个工具是RACI矩阵。规划阶段完成,表示资源管理计划应该也已经完成,因此PM应该审阅当时做规划时用到的材料。

105、[单选]一个虚拟团队正在为一个全球客户开发一个项目。由于组织重组,团队将从70人减少到58人,项目经理应该怎么做?

A virtual team is working on a project for a customer with global presence. Due to organizational restructuring, the team will be reduced from 70 to 58 members. What should the project manager do?

 A:将剩余的团队成员集中在一起办公,以提高他们作为团队执行工作的能力

Co-location the remaining team members to enhance their ability to perform as A team

 B:获得额外资金以改善沟通技术,以便在团队成员之间建立更好的共识

Obtain additional funds to improve communication technology to build better understanding among team members

 C:通过使用新的可用信息更新项目管理计划来采取预防措施

Take preventive actions by updating the project management plan with the newly available information

 D:更新工作分解结构(WBS)并确保所有活动按时完成

Update the work breakdown structure (WBS) and ensure that all activities are completed on time

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:虚拟团队,关注沟通。题干已说明是虚拟团队,这是限制条件,因此不能集中办公,A不对;C和D都要走变更流程,因此不选;B获取资金已包含走流程的含义。

106、[单选]一个敏捷团队拥有11名集中办公的团队成员,他们以一个稳定的速度执行工作,在第九次迭代中,有些团队成员离职,并由分布在不同地理位置的成员代替。敏捷项目管理者应对新团队有何期待?

One agile team has 11 team members who work together. They implement the work stably. In the ninth iteration, some team members quit the job and are taken over by the members in different geographical locations. What expectations should agile practitioner place on the new team?

 A:团队将经历形成阶段,并将以之前项目团队的相同的速度水平执行工作

The team will experience the stage of formation and implement work at the speed the same with that of the previous project team

 B:在团队以稳定的速度执行工作之前,团队将经历震荡阶段,并在更为频繁的沟通中规范化

Before the team implements work stably, the team will experience the stage of fluctuations and become standardized in the more frequent communication

 C:团队将处理和解决所发生的任何团队冲突

The team will handle and solve any possible team conflicts

 D:团队成员将关注他们自己的可交付成果和进度

Team members will focus on their deliverable results and progress

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:团队所处的阶段:震荡阶段,以及该阶段中需要做的事情。

107、[单选]项目经理收到设备采购的两份标书。采购部门坚持接受最低报价,而制造部门更愿意选择性能最好但价格更高的设备。为了满足项目预算,项目经理选择最便宜的报价。项目经理使用的是哪种冲突管理技巧?

A project manager receives two bids for the purchase of equipment.The procurement department insists on accepting the least expensive biwhile the manufacturing department prefers to choose the best performing.but more expensive.equipment.To meet the project budget,the project manager selects the least expensive biWhat conflict management technique did the project manager use?

 A:妥协/调解

Compromise/reconcile

 B:撤退/回避

Withdraw/avoid

 C:缓和/包容

Smooth/accommodate

 D:强迫/命令

Force/direct

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:9.5.2.1 人际关系与团队技能 冲突管理。 强迫/命令。以牺牲其他方为代价,推行某一方的观点;只提供赢—输方案。通常是利用权力来强行解决紧急问题,这种方法通常会导致“赢输”局面。赢输方式处理冲突,属于D。

108、[单选]采购部门通知项目经理项目管理软件已更新。团队成员没有使用此更新过的软件经验,但需要此项技能来完成项目。项目经理应该怎么做?

A procurement department notifies a project manager that the project management software has been updateTeam members have on experience working with this update,but will need the skills to complete the project.What should the project manager do?

 A:请求额外的时间来培训资源

Request additional time to train resources.

 B:更新资源管理计划

Update the resource management plan.

 C:聘请熟悉这项更新的外部资源来完成工作

Hire an external resource familiar with the update to complete the jo

 D:要求供应商提供主题专家(SME )来培训团队

Ask the vendor to supply a subject matter expert(SME)to train the team.

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:团队成员能力不够,要临时安排培训,首先要记录在资源管理计划中。 9.1.3.1 资源管理计划 作为项目管理计划的一部分,资源管理计划提供了关于如何分类、分配、管理和释放项目资源的指南。

109、[单选]一个项目跨越不同国家,且时间紧迫,公司未来的成功取决于是否满足最后期限。项目经理应该使用什么工具或技术来提高团队执行能力?

A project spans different countries and has a tight schedule.The company’s future success depends on meeting the deadline. What tool or technique should the project manager use to enhance the team’s ability to perform?

 A:基本规则

Ground rules

 B:集中办公

Collocation

 C:虚拟团队

Virtual teams

 D:培训

Training

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:虚拟团队是团队建设工具,B不现实。不属于技能不足,所以不选D。9.4.2.2 虚拟团队

110、[单选]一位具有独特和关键技能的主题专家(SME)不愿接受项目经理的指令,项目经理首先应该怎么做?

A subject matter expert (SME) with unique and critical skills will not accept the authority of the project manager. What should the project manager do first ?

 A:与该主题专家的直线经理开会以解决该冲突

Meet with the SME line manager to resolve the conflict

 B:与该主题专家一起审查项目管理计划以核实所有团队角色

Review the project management plan with the SME to validate all team roles

 C:要求项目发起人替换该主题专家

Ask the project sponsor to replace the SME

 D:新资源管理计划和风险登记册

Update the resource management plan and the risk register

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:团队成员不听指挥,首先应该用规则来管理,即选B。本题也可以当成冲突管理,有冲突要面对,也是B。

111、[单选]一个软件开发项目的截止日期即将来临,只有在产品通过质量控制测试之后才能交付产品,但是由于与质量控制团队的关系不佳,开发人员反对测试。项目经理应该怎么做?

A software development project deadline is approaching, the product cannot be delivered until it has been tested and passes by quality control, However, the developers are resisting the tests as they have a poor relationship with the quality control team. What should the project manager do?

 A:分析即将发生的延迟影响并通知客户

Analyze the impact of the impending delays and inform the client

 B:立即与两个团队开会,以确保达到质量标

Immediately meet with both teams to ensure that quality standards are met

 C:聘请分包商进行质量管理任务

Hire a subcontractor for to quality management tasks

 D:根据团队意见更新质量管理计划

Update the quality management plan based on team inputs

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:可以当成冲突问题,有冲突要面对,选B;也可以当成相关方问,管理相关方,也是选B。

112、[单选]在执行一个大型软件实施项目期间,服务器管理团队必须设置解决方案的基础架构。但是,该团队需要比预期更长的时间来完成工作,这延长了整个项目进度。因此,最初分配给项目的开发人员不可用。项目经理应该怎么做?

During execution of a large software implementation project, the server administration team must set up the solution’s infrastructure. However, this team takes much longer than expected to complete the work, which extended the entire project schedule。As a result, the developers originally assigned to the project are unavailable. What should the project manager do?

 A:与相关方讨论资源制约因素,以确定更改资源管理计划的方案

Discuss the resource constraints with stakeholders to identify options for changing the resource management plans

 B:在下一个状态报告中包含资源制约因素,并根据开发人员的可用性更新需求

Include the resource constraints in the next status report and update the requirements based on developers5 availability

 C:使用资源制约因素作为雇佣和培训其他开发人员的正当理由

Use the resource constraints as justification to hire and train additional developers

 D:包含非工作日,以便可以在最初定义的时间表内交付项目

Include non-working days so that the project can be delivered within the originally defined timeline

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:解析:pmbok 9.3获取资源。获取资源的输入有9.3.3.4变更请求。如果获取资源过程中出现变更请求(例如影响了进度),或者推荐措施、纠正措施或预防措施影响了项目管理计划的任何组成部分或项目件,项目经理应提交变更请求,且应该通过实施整体变更控制过程(见 4.6 节)对变更请求进行审查和处理。由题干得知,此时的进度延误导致实现安排的资源无法使用,所以要尽快调整安排,先讨论影响来确定初步方案。排除法也可,B选项,“在下一个状态报告中”,由于题干中为提到状态报告的发生时间,因此在一下次的报告中再提及问题的话,可能会为时已晚。C选项,用制约因素作为其他要求的理由不妥,因首先想办法解决,而不是以制约因素当做理由去进行要求。D选项,包含非工作日指周末加班,按中国劳动法规定,周末加班双倍工资,此时首先要看公司是否同意,再者西方公司未必可行。

113、[单选]项目经理正在管理一个交付日期非常紧张的关键项目。由于某些团队成员位于其他国家/地区,因此项目经理希望确保明确定义角色、职责和工作日历。项目经理应该参考哪一个过程?

A project manager is leading a critical project with an aggressive delivery date. Since some project team members are located in other countries, the project manager wants to ensure that roles, responsibilities, and work calendars are will define To what process should the project manager refer?

 A:规划进度管理

Plan schedule management

 B:规划资源管理

Plan resource management

 C:规划风险管理

Plan risk management

 D:规划沟通管理

Plan communication management

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:PMBOK9.1 规划资源管理,资源管理计划中包含角色和职责,B生成资源管理计划。题目关键词希望确保明确定义角色,职责和工作日历,即为希望输出资源管理计划,对应为规划资源管理过程组。

114、[单选]一个项目正处于在客户工厂的最终测试和验收阶段。若要满足项目期限,项目经理应使用哪一项?

A project is in the final testing and acceptance stages at a customer's factory。To meet the project deadline,What tool or technique should the project manager use?

 A:观察/对话

Observation/conversation

 B:集中办公

Co-location

 C:强迫/指导

Force/direct

 D:基本规则

Ground rules

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:PMBOK 9.4.2.1-集中办公。集中办公是一种把许多或全部最活跃的项目团队成员安排在同一个物理地点工作,以增强团队工作能力的工具技术,题目显示项目目前处于最终测试和验收阶段,至关重要。如果要满足项目的期限要求,我们可以通过集中办公的形式提升团队的工作能力及效率。

115、[单选]自项目开始以来,一些关键相关方因各种原因被替换,而又没有与项目团队适当地沟通这种情况,导致了项目团队产生挫败感,并将很快影响到项目结果。若要改善这种情况,项目经理应该怎么做?

Some key stakeholders have been replaced for various reasons since the project’s beginning, this was not properly communicated to the project team, which is causing frustration and will soon impact project results. What should the project manager do to improve the situation?

 A:统一相关方的期望

Align stakeholder expectations

 B:向团队成员提供一份组织结构图

Provide the team with an organizational chart

 C:提升项目团队的兴趣

Promote the interest of the project team

 D:增加相关方对项目的承诺

Increase stakeholder commitment to the project

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:PMBOK9.1.3.1 项目组织图:项目组织图以图形方式展示项目团队成员及其报告关系。问题核心是换人了不知道,组织结构图显示团队成员及其汇报关系,可以解决该问题。

116、[单选]在项目执行期间,项目经理发现由于团队成员在可交付成果交付到期日之前休假而导致延期。为避免这个问题,应事先更新下列哪一项?

During project execution,the project manager discovers delays due to team members taking vacations before the deliverables’due dates.What should have been updated to avoid this?

 A:资源管理计划

Resource management plan

 B:人员配备管理计划

Staffing management plan

 C:沟通管理计划

Communications management plan

 D:风险管理计划

Risk management plan

正确答案:A 你的答案:D

解析:PMBOK9.1 规划资源管理,资源日历支持项目日历,资源日历是资源管理计划的一部分。没有考虑资源休假,是资源管理计划没做好。

117、[单选]一位项目团队成员决定,如果所有功能都已经交付那么让客户参与一些替代设计是不必要的,整个团队决定只让技术部门参与进行最好的产品设计。用户验收测试后,客户对所选的设计有所抱怨。为了确保客户接受项目可交付成果,项目经理应该做什么?

A project team member decides that engaging the customer on some alternative designs is unnecessary if all functionalities are delivere The entire team decides only to engage the technical department on the designing for best product. After user acceptance testing, the customer complains about the selected design. To ensure that the customer accepts the project deliverables, what should the project manager do?

 A:与客户沟通产品设计是由技术团队决定的

Communicate to the customer that the project design is determined by the technical team.

 B:要求客户接受项目可交付成果,因为它们符合所有约定的功能要求

Ask the customer to accept the project deliverables, as they meet all agreed functional requirements.

 C:确保客户和技术团队协作选择新产品设计

Ensure that both the customer and technical team collaboratively selects the new product design.

 D:将设计问题更新到问题日志中并继续执行项目

Update the issues long with the design issue and continue with project execution.

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:参考答案:C 解析:pmbok6的286页8.1.3.1质量管理计划-质量管理(包括产品设计),应倾听客户的声音(客户满意)。

118、[单选]项目经理希望供应商完成他们生产的每个组件的测试,但惊讶地发现并没有进行任何测试。为了恢复,项目团队对组件进行统计抽样。应该在哪里记录测试需求?

A project manager expected a vendor to complete testing of each component they produced,and was surprised to discover that no testing was done.To recover,the project team conducts a statistical sampling of the components. Where should the testing requirements have been recorded?

 A:采购管理计划

Procurement management plan

 B:质量管理计划

Quality management plan

 C:合同变更文档

Contract changes documentation

 D:需求管理计划

Requirements management plan

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:参考答案:B 解析:PMBOK(6)P302-8.3.2.1统计抽样。应将测试需求记录在质量管理计划中。

119、[单选]—个大型项目包含将由分包商执行的许多阶段。团队成员各自负责一个阶段。项目经理应该使用什么来执行质量管理计划?

A large project contains many phases that will be performed by subcontractors. Individual team members are each responsible for one phase. What should the project manager use to enforce the quality management plan?

 A:质量测量指标

Quality metrics

 B:质量审计

Quality audits

 C:根本原因分析

Root cause analysis

 D:因果分析

Cause-and-effect analysis

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:参考答案:B 解析:PMBOK(6)P288-8.2.2.5管理质量-审计。管理质量过程是把组织的质量政策用于项目,将质量管理计划转化为可执行的质量活动的过程。审计用于确定项目活动是否遵循了组织和项目的政策、过程与程序的一种结构化且独立的过程。

120、[单选]客户对产品质量不满意。项目经理收到一份质量团队提供的图表,图表表明少量的原因导致大部分的问题。质量团队向项目经理提供的是下列哪一项?

A client is dissatisfied with a product's quality. The project manager receives a chart from the quality team indicating that a small number of sourced caused most of the problems, The quality team provided the project manager with which of the following?

 A:散点图

Scatter diagram

 B:趋势图

Run chart

 C:帕累托图

Pareto diagram

 D:控制图

Control chart

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:参考答案:C 解析:大部分的问题是少数原因导致的,帕累托法则,二八法则。

121、[单选]在测试期间,一位团队成员将某个质量缺陷上报给项目经理,在与团队进行头脑风暴时,项目经理得知问题的原因不止一个,项目经理应该使用哪一项来识别主要原因?

During testing, a team member escalates a quality defect to the project manager. While brainstorming with the team, the project manager realizes there is more than one cause of the problem. Which should the project manager use to identify the primary cause?

 A:散点图

Scatter diagram

 B:统计抽样

Statistical sampling

 C:石川图

ishikawa diagram

 D:定性风险分析

qualitative risk analysis

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:8.3.2.5控制质量:工具与技术-数据表现-因果图。众多原因中识别主要原因,即识别根本原因。石川图,也叫鱼骨图,是在众多原因中识别根本原因。

122、[单选]在项目执行期间,由于行业趋势下滑和产品价格下降,客户重新协商定价,这导致项目预算减少,项目经理确定必须大大改造类似项目中遵循的业务流程才能使项目取得成功。项目经理应该做些什么来确定改进的领域?

During project execution,the client renegotiates pricing due to a downward industry trend and falling prices for their product,this results in a decrease in the project’s budget, the project manager determines that business processes followed in similar projects must be dramatically improved for the success of this one.What should the project manager do to identify areas for improvement?

 A:检查风险报告

Examine the risk report

 B:审查经验教训

Review the lessons learned

 C:使用精益六西格玛方法

Use the lean six sigma method

 D:执行成本效益分析

Perform a cost-benefit analysis

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:8.2.2.8 质量改进方法 计划—实施—检查—行动和六西格玛是最常用于分析和评估改进机会的两种质量改进工具。此题是通过精益生产的方法降低成本,提高效率。

123、[单选]公司推出一项新产品,预估实施质量控制系统将花费100万美元,预期的故障和潜在维修成本估计为50万美元。项目经理应该提出什么建议?

A company launching a new product estimates that implementing a quality control system will cost $1 million, Expected failures and potential repair costs are estimated at US$500,000. What should the project manager propose?

 A:在做出决定之前考虑声誉损失成本

Factoring in the loss of reputation costs before making A decision

 B:实施质量控制系统,因为这是质量成本(COQ)

Implementing a quality control system, as this is the cost of quality (COQ)

 C:不实施质量控制系统,因为非一致性成本较低

Not implemented a quality control system, as the cost of nonconformance is less

 D:实施质量控制系统,因为质量控制是最佳实践

Implement a quality control system, as quality control is a best practice

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:8.1.2.3 数据分析 成本效益分析是用来估算备选方案优势和劣势的财务分析工具,以确定可以创造最佳效益的备选方案。成本效益分析可帮助项目经理确定规划的质量活动是否有效利用了成本。达到质量要求的主要效益包括减少返工、提高生产率、降低成本、提升相关方满意度及提升赢利能力。对每个质量活动进行成本效益分析,就是要比较其可能成本与预期效益。

124、[单选]从事一个直接项目的项目经理收到现场经理关于设计团队施工图纸质量的反复投诉,项目经理希望确定可能的行动,以确保不再发生这个问题,项目经理首先应该怎么做?

A project manager working on a straightforward project receives repeated complaints from the site manager about the quality of the design team’s construction drawings. The project manager wants to identify possible actions to ensure that this problem will not recur. What should the project manager do first?

 A:审查质量报告

Review the quality reports

 B:开展质量审计

Conduct a quality audit

 C:执行根本原因分析

Perform a root cause analysis

 D:创建并分析因果图

Create and analyze a causal-and-effect diagram

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:8.2.2 管理质量:工具与技术 一个具体问题反复出现,用根本原因分析能彻底解决问题,依据见PMBOK292页最后一段最后一行。 知识点扩充,注意区分“根本原因分析(YYHH图)”和“因果图(YY图)”

125、[单选]在项目的质量审查期间,团队讨论了对当前质量管理计划的必要变更,以满足相关方的期望,目前的计划包括产品的特定事项和特征,但缺少一个重要方面。若要完成质量管理计划,项目经理应该怎么做?

During a project’s quality review , the team discusses necessary changes to the current quality management plan to meet stakeholder expectations. The current plan includes product-specific items and characteristic, but is missing a vital aspect. What should the project manager do to complete the quality management plan?

 A:评估交付团队的绩效

Evaluate the delivery team’s performance

 B:评估产品的性能

Assess the product’s performance

 C:考虑产品等级

Consider the product grade

 D:分析提供给客户的价值

Analyze the value provided to the customer

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:8.1.3.1 质量管理计划 题意中心思想是制定质量管理计划,且已有产品的质量标准(“包括特定产品的事项和特征”),那么就要开始考虑等级水平了。

126、[单选]项目经理正在执行一个项目,该项目中包含简短的任务以及技能非常熟练的人员,在测试阶段,项目经理注意到很高的失败率和许多缺陷,若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?

A project manager is working on a project with short and simple tasks and very skilled resources. During the testing phase, the project manager notices a high rate of failure and many defects.what should the project manager have done to avoid this?

 A:实施质量保证计划

Implement a quality assurance plan

 B:要求所有人员都遵循质量保证

Required that quality assurance was followed by all resources

 C:在测试阶段期间执行质量控制任务

Conducted quality control tasks during the testing phase

 D:在所有任务中使用六西格玛程序

Employed six sigma procedures on all tasks

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:“很多缺陷”、“避免这个问题”,都要通过质量保证(管理质量)来解决,选B,确保做的都正确。A是本来就要进行的。

127、[单选]项目经理了解到,由于生产过程不稳定,产品的拒收率很高,哪个工具或技术可以帮助项目经理快速分析并确定纠正措施?

A Project managers learns that a product’s rejection rate high due to an unstable production process, what tool or technique will help the project manager to make a quick analysis and decide on corrective measures?

 A:因果图

Cause and effect diagram

 B:控制图

Control chart

 C:直方图

Histogram

 D:散点图

scatter diagram

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:过程不稳定,应进行过程改进,改进过程首先要进行根本原因分析,再确定纠正措施,A最合适。

128、[单选]在项目执行期间,一位高绩效团队成员离职。在此损失之后,进行了计划的质量审计,发现工作产品质量标准未达到。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?

During project execution, a high-performance team member leaves.Following this loss, a planned quality audit is conducted that indicates the work products quality standards are unmet. What should the project manager do next?

 A:赶工

Crash the schedule

 B:创建一份因果图

Create a causal-and-effect diagram

 C:查阅资源管理计划

Consult the resource management plan

 D:执行工作绩效数据的储备分析

Perform a reserve analysis of the work performance data

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:PMBOK8.2.2.4因果图,又称“鱼骨图”、“why-why分析图”和“石川图”。产品有缺陷,必须修复。修复缺陷可以先找缺陷原因。本题用排除法,只有B可以选。关键在于质量标准未达到,是管理质量过程,赶工针对进度,查阅资源管理计划是针对人力资源,执行工作数据。绩效数据的储备分析也是人员的绩效数据,B为最合适答案,因果图来识别质量问题根本原因。

129、[单选]产品不符合规范,一名项目相关方要求更换产品并纠正生产过程。若要确定这个失败的类型和成本,应使用“计划质量管理”过程中的哪个工具或技术?

A product fails to meet specifications.A stakeholder demands the replacement of the product and a correction to the production process.What tool or technique in the Plan Quality Management process should be used to determine the type and cost of this failure?

 A:成本效益分析

Cost-benefit analysis

 B:力场分析

Force field analysis

 C:质量成本(COQ)

Cost of quality(COQ)

 D:预期货币价值(EMV)分析

Expected monetary value(EMV)analysis

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:PMBOK8.1.3失败成本(内部/外部)。 因产品、可交付成果或服务与相关方需求或期望不一致而导致的相关成本。

130、[单选]客户强调项目输出必须符合IS014000规范。为了理解这项要求的含义,项目经理应该查阅下列哪一项?

A customer emphasizes that the project output must meet IS014000 specifications. What should the project manager consult to understand the implications of this requirement?

 A:质量管理计划

Quality management plan

 B:成本基准

Cost baseline

 C:范围管理计划

Scope management plan

 D:需求规范

Requirements specifications

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:8.1规划质量管理,质量管理计划包括(但不限于)项目采用的质量标准。

131、[单选]在核实可交付成果期间,项目经理识别到不同影响级别的多个质量问题。项目经理应该使用什么基本质量工具来对这些问题进行优先级排序?

During deliverables verification, the project manager identifies several quality issues with differing impact levels. What basic quality tool should the project manager use to prioritize the issues?

 A:直方图

Histogram

 B:帕累托图

Pareto diagram

 C:控制图

Control chart

 D:石川图

ishikawa diagram

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:帕累托图是一种特殊的垂直条形图,用于识别造成大多数问题的少数重要原因,通常按类别排列条形,以测量频率或后果。题目为质量问题进行优先级排序,使用帕累托图进行。

132、[单选]由于紧急情况,一位分配到具有两天总浮动时间活动的团队成员从项目上离开,这可能会影响活动和整个项目。项目团队目前已经难以实现下一个里程碑。将该问题添加到问题日志后,项目经理下一步应该做什么?

Due to an emergency, a team member assigned to an activity with two-day total float leaves a project, The could impact that activity and the overall project. The project team is already having difficulty achieving an upcoming milestone. After adding this to the issue log, what should the project manager do next?

 A:评估对项目的影响并创建选项

Evaluate the impact on the project and create options

 B:更新风险登记册

Update the risk register

 C:请求额外资源

Request an additional resource

 D:从具有更多浮动时间的另一个活动中分配一名人员

Assign a resource from another activity that has more float

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:PMBOK8.2.2.7 定义问题;识别根本原因;生成可能的解决方案

133、[单选]在创建质量管理计划时,项目经理确定预防和质量评估的成本非常高,然而,增加预算不会减少公司未来的故障维修费用。项目经理应该怎么做?

While creating a quality management plan, a project manager determines that the cost of prevention and quality assessment is very high, however, increasing the budget will not reduce the company's future failure repair costs. What should a project manager do?

 A:修改预算以增加预防和质量评估活动

Revise the budget to increase preventive and quality appraised activities

 B:保持当前的质量活动

Maintain current quality activities

 C:修改预算以解决故障成本问题

Revise the budget to address failure costs

 D:变更制造过程以减少缺陷

Change the manufacturing process to reduce defects

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:pmbok p277-规划质量管理。规划质量管理的工具与技术中有质量成本,8.1.2.3数据分析(p282),质量成本包括预防成本,评估成本和失败成本(内部/外部)。题目已经说到质量评估的成本非常高,但是也不会带来效益,如果得不偿失就不要进行了。

134、[单选]在执行挣值分析(EVA)时,项目经理注意到成本绩效指数(CPI)与预期不符。项目经理进行了调查,但无法找到项目中所使用产品的采购订单或收据。应该使用下列哪一项来防止这种情况发生?

While performing an earned value analysis(EVA), a project manager noticed that the cost performance index (CPI) is not what was expecte The project manager investigates and is unable to locate purchase orders or receipts for items used in the project. What should have been used to prevent this from occurring?

 A:审计

Audit

 B:检查

Inspections

 C:数据分析

Data analysis

 D:风险管理

Risk management

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:8.2管理质量。“防止”、“确保”、“避免”都只能通过质量保证来实现,A是质量保证工作。

135、[单选]在收尾会议上,项目发起人表示根据项目评估,项目取得成功。但一位相关方却不同意,因为没有实现他们的需求。项目经理指出,相关方的需求在项目范围说明书中被称为项目除外情况。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?

During the close-out meeting the project sponsor slates that the project is a success based on its evaluating.A stakeholder disagrees because their requirements were unfilleThe project manager states that the stakeholder’s requirements were mentioned as project exclusions in the project scope statement What should the project manager do next?

 A:忽略该相关方的争论并继续进行收尾会议

Ignore the stakeholder’s argument and continue the close-out meeting

 B:建议进行项目评估以确保项目已完成

Propose conducting a project assessment to ensure that the project is complete

 C:建议将这些需求作为另一个项目的范围

Suggest using these requirements as scope for another project

 D:在问题日志中添加该问题

Add the issue to the issue log

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:参考答案:C 解析:注意,该相关方的需求是明确列为除外项,所以本项目坚决不考虑。排除D。 A,强迫,一般非紧急情况不采用。 B,妥协,此时没必要妥协。 C,缓和,保留双方的关系,以后在别的项目再考虑。当前最好的措施。

136、[单选]—个项目的规模已经大到由指导委员会取代单一的项目发起人。项目经理应该怎么做来适应这种新发展?

A project has become to large that the single sponsor is replaced by a steering committee.What should the project manager do to accommodate the new development?

 A:认识到相关方结构发生了变化,并量身定做与这个团队的沟通

Recognize that there is a change in stakeholders structure and tailor communications to this group

 B:按照最初的计划继续工作,同时认识到该项目现在包括其他相关方

Continue to work according to the initial plan while recognizing that the project now includes additional stakeholders.

 C:为团队组织一次与新的指导委员会一起召开的会议,继续进行项目工作

Organize a meeting for the team with the new steering committee and continue work on the project

 D:与新的委员会分享当前的状态报告

Share the current status report with the new committee

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:参考答案:A 解析:监督项目相关方关系,并通过修订参与策略和计划来引导相关方合理参与项目的过程。监督相关方参与输出包含更新相关方登记册、沟通管理计划。题目强调相关方结构发生变化,不是新识别相关方。 A,沟通是建立在相关方的基础上,相关方结构发生变化,沟通需求,上报步骤,信息流向等等都会发生变化。是必需的。 B,识别其他相关方,题目没有描述。不选 C,管理相关方参与。是可以的。 D,在A之后才能做。 优先级最高的是答案A。

137、[单选]项目经理正在制定相关方参与计划,并识别到一位权力等级较高但在项目中兴趣较低的相关方,项目经理应该如何对待该相关方?

A project manager is developing the stakeholder engagement plan and identifies a stakeholder with a high level of power and a low level of interest in the project. How should the project manager deal with this stakeholder?

 A:重点管理

Manage closely

 B:随时告知

Keep informed

 C:监督

Monitor

 D:令其满意

Keep satisfied

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:参考答案 D 解析:权力/利益方格,对于权力大利益小的相关方,需要“令其满意 权力大利益大:重点管理 权力小利益小:监督 权力小利益大:随时告知

138、[单选]项目经理加入一个备受瞩目的项目,该项目将为公司带来重大效益,项目发起人告诉项目经理,一些关键相关方不赞同项目的效益,并且可能抵制该项目的工作。项目经理该怎么做?

A project manager joins a high-profile project that will create significant benefits for the company .The project sponsor tells the project manager that some key stakeholders disagree on the project’s benefits and may be resistant to working on it.What should the project manager do ?

 A:制定责任分配矩阵(RAM)

Develop a responsibility assignment matrix(RAM).

 B:要求发起人获得相关方的支持

Ask the sponsor to obtain support from the stakeholders.

 C:与相关方开会展示该项目

Meet with stakeholders to present the project.

 D:更新相关方登记册,添加这项信息

Update the stakeholder register with this information

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:参考答案 D 解析: 通过发起人的说明可以识别出目前关键相关方的信息,应将其更新至相关方登记册。 A属于规划资源管理的工具 B 选项错误排除 C 会议是识别相关方的一项工具,不能影响相关方

139、[单选]—个相关方认为最近一个项目的可交付成果没有实现,若要获得该相关方的批准,项目经理应该怎么做?

A stakeholder believes that a recent project’s deliverables were not achieveWhat should the project manager do to gain this stakeholder’s approval?

 A:分析该相关方的需求和期望并审查项目范围

Analyze this stakeholder’s needs and expectations and review the project scope.

 B:与该相关方一起审查项目章程

Review the project charter with this stakeholder.

 C:与该相关方一起审查质量管理计划

Examine the quality management plan with this stakeholder.

 D:获得该相关方的新需求并执行风险分析

Obtain the stakeholder’s new requirements and perform a risk analysis

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:参考答案:A 解析:相关方的期望没有实现,应该首先分析相关方的需求与期望、处理问题,并促进相关方参与。也可用排除法。题干中没有说明发生的质量问题和出现了风险,C,D排除。项目章程已确立,无需再和该相关人审阅,B排除。

140、[单选]一位相关方要求更频繁,更详细地更新项目状态。该相关方也表示有兴趣协助该项目。项目经理下一步该怎么做?

A stakeholder requests more frequent and detailed updates on the project’s status.The stakeholder also expresses interest in helping with the project. What should the project manager do next?

 A:尽快发送详细的状态报告并更新相关方登记册

Send detailed status reports as soon as possible and update the stakeholder register

 B:将该相关方包含在所有详细的项目状态沟通中,并将该相关方的参与度更新为支持

Include this stakeholder in all detailed project status communications and update the stakeholder’s engagement level to supportive

 C:与团队开会以审查相关方登记册并重新评估角色和报告要求

Meet with the team to review the stakeholder register and reassess the roles and reporting requirements

 D:更新具有同样参与程度的所有相关方的详细状态报告

Update the detailed status report for all stakeholders with the same engagement level

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:参考答案:C 解析:相关方的期望发生了变化,首先应该登记与分析,C是最佳答案

141、[单选]一个工厂扩建项目已接近完成50%,这时一群当地居民组成一个维权组织来抗议该项目。项目经理应该怎么做?

An factory expansion project is nearly 50 percent complete,when a group of local residents forms an activist group to protest it.What should the project manager do?

 A:执行相关方分析,并相应调整相关方参与计划

Perform a stakeholder analysis,and adjust the stakeholder engagement plan accordingly

 B:通知项目发起人,该维权组织体现了项目进度的一个风险

Inform the project sponsor that the activist group represents a risk to the project schedule

 C:与该维权组织开会,将其需求添加到该项目中

Meet with the activist group to add its requirements to:the project

 D:教育该维权组织,让其了解该项目将为社区带来的好处

Educate the activist group on the benefits that the project will bring to the community

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:PMBOK(6)P523-13.3管理相关方参与。与相关方进行沟通和协作以满足其需求和期望、处理问题,并促进相关方合理参与。A:相关方提出激烈的需求,就修改相关方管理规定,不合逻辑。B:相关方管理是项目经理的责任。D:与相关方沟通,引导相关方,教育相关方不可取。

142、[单选]在一个项目的用户验收阶段,一些用户抱怨他们的期望未得到满足,项目经理事先应该釆取哪一个不同做法?

During a project's user acceptance stage,some user's complain that their expectations have been unmet.What should the project manager have done differently?

 A:考虑相关方的反馈

Considered stakeholder feedback

 B:执行风险评估

Conducted risk assessments

 C:实施冲突管理技术

Implemented conflict management techniques

 D:与用户建立一种专业关系

Established a professional relationship with the users

正确答案:A 你的答案:D

解析:PMBOK(6)P523-13.3管理相关方参与。管理相关方参与是与相关方进行沟通和协作,以满足其需求与期望,处理 问题,并促进相关方合理参与的过程。在执行阶段管理相关方的期望,而并非到验收阶段才获取到相关方的意见。

143、[单选]在每周一次的项目会议上,一位团队成员表示在修订一项可交付成果时,一名销售经理对客户服务过程做出一项重要评论,影响到整个项目。项目经理对销售经理参与项目可交付成果感到吃惊。 若要预防这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?

During a weekly project meeting, a team member states that during a deliverable revision, a sales manager made an important remark regarding a customer care process that impacts the entire project. The project manager Is surprised that the sales manager is involved in the project deliverables. What should the project manager have done to prevent this?

 A:完善风险审查会议,制定风险登记册

Improved the risk review meetings and developed the risk register.

 B:执行相关方分析,并制定相关方参与计划

Performed a stakeholder analysis and developed the stakeholder engagement plan.

 C:将职能团队过程包含进问题日志中,并制定预防措施

Included functional team processes in the issue log and developed preventive.actions.

 D:识别项目范围并通知相关方

Identified the scope of the project and informed the stakeholders

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:参考答案:B 解析:识别相关方是定期识别项目相关方,分析和记录他们的利益、参与度、相互依赖性、影响力和对 项目成功的潜在影响的过程。本过程的主要作用是,使项目团队能够建立对每个相关方或相关方群 体的适度关注。

144、[单选]项目经理必须管理潜在的相关方利益冲突,相关方参与评估矩阵识别到一个反对项目且有影响力的相关方。项目经理应该如何记录相关方的期望?

A project manager must manage potential conflicting stakeholders interests.The stakeholder engagement assessment matrix identifies an influential stakeholder who is resistant to the project. What should the project manager do to sign the stakeholder’s expectations?

 A:创建相关方参与计划

Create the stakeholder engagement plan.

 B:与其沟通相关方参与计划

Communicate the stakeholder engagement plan.

 C:与所有相关方开会,对项目目标达成共识

Meet with all stakeholders to gain consensus on project objectives.

 D:更新相关方登记册

Updates the stakeholder register.

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:参考答案:D 解析:相关方登记册有助于识别对质量有特别兴趣或影响的相关方,尤其注重客户和项目发起人的需求和期望。

145、[单选]项目发起人任命一位高级工程师到指导委员会,来帮助监督项目管理计划。该工程师经常不同意由项目团队制定的计划,并在提交标准之前对项目管理计划表达严重关切。项目经理应该怎么做?

The project sponsor appoints a senior engineer to the steering committee to help oversee the project management plan.The engineer often disagree with the plans produced by the project team,and expresses critical concerns about the project management plan before it is submitted for approval. What should the project manager do?

 A:通知项目发起人,该工程师延迟了规划过程

Inform the project sponsor that the engineer is delaying the planning process

 B:与指导委员会一起审查项目计划,并解决该工程师提出的任何问题

Review the project plan with the steering committee,and address any concerns that are raised by the engineer

 C:与工程师进行私下会议,了解并解决他关切的问题

Conduct a private meeting with the engineer to understand and address their concerns

 D:提交项目管理计划,并在以后通过遵循变更管理程序解决该工程的关切问题

Submit the project management plan,and address the engineer's concerns at a better time by following change management procedures

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:参考答案:C 解析:人际交往是通过与他人互动交流信息,建立联系。人际交往有利于项目经理及其团队通过非正式组织解决问题,影响相关方的行动,以及提高相关方对项目工作和成果的支持,从而改善绩效。

146、[单选]—个更换关键应用程序的项目将影响多个内部和外部服务。在规划过程中,拥有这些服务的项目相关方未能承诺履行约定活动。项目经理应该如何改进项目相关方的参与程度?

A project that replaces critical applications will affect multiple internal and external services. During the planning process, project stakeholders with these services fail to commit to carrying out the agreed activities. How should the project manager improve the participation of the project stakeholders?

 A:用谈判和沟通

To negotiate and communicate

 B:将这种情况上报给指导委员会

To report this to the Steering Committee

 C:准备一份概率和影响矩阵

To prepare a Probability and Impact Matrix

 D:将这种情况记录在问题日志中

To record this situation in the Problem Log

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:参考答案:A 解析:相关方没有按照既定的要求执行,导致项目出现了明显的偏差,需要通过谈判了解原因并纠正。

147、[单选]公司的首席执行官每半年视察某个项目一次,若确保与首席执行官的期望保持一致,项目团队应该确认哪一项?

The company's CEO visits a project once every six months. To ensure consistency with the CEO's expectations, which of the following items should the project team confirm?

 A:相关方登记册

Register of Stakeholders

 B:工作说明书

(SOW)Statement of Work (SOW)

 C:团队沟通模板

Team Communication Template

 D:项目预测文件

Project Forecast Document

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:相关方登记册记录项目相关方识别、评估和分类结果的项目文件,各相关方对于项目的期望。

148、[单选]项目经理识别到项目相关方具有不同的需求和期望。为确保项目成功,项目经理应该怎么做去确保项目的成功?

The project manager identifies that project stakeholders have different requirements and expectations. What should the project manager do to ensure the success of the project?

 A:应用推进技术

To use progress technology

 B:创建权力/影响方格

To create power/influence grids

 C:执行风险分析

To perform risk analysis

 D:定义角色和职责

To define roles and responsibilities

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:PMBOK 13.1.2.4 数据表现-权力影响方格。权力影响方格基于相关方的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,以方格的形式对相关方进行分类。题目强调项目经理识别到项目相关方具有不同的需求和期望。为了保证项目的成功,我们需要对这些相关方的权利及影响力进行分类,便于后期对于他们的需求及期望的实现进行相对应的规划。

149、[单选]在为相关方准备状态报告时,项目经理发现一成本偏差为负数,该项目10%的工作已经完成,在与相关方开会之前,项目经理应该怎么做?

While preparing the status report for stakeholders,the project manager discovers a negative cost variance for a project where 10 percent of their work has been completeWhat should the project manager do prior to meeting with the stakeholders?

 A:预测完工估算(EAC)

Forecast the estimate at completion(EAC).

 B:启动变更控制程序

Initiate change control procedures.

 C:搁置项目直到确定应对策略

Put the project on hold until a response strategy is determine

 D:使用应急储备

Use the contingency reserve.

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:参考答案:A 解析:PMBOK(6)P268-7.4.3.1工作绩效信息。工作绩效信息对于使用挣值分析的项目,CV、CPI、EAC、VAC和TCPI将记录在工作绩效报告中。项目向相关方发布的状态报告不光要有偏差,还要有预测,让相关方能判断情况。选项B在启动变更程序之前,要综合考虑对进度、成本、范围的影响,应先分析,后启动变更。选项C,不应在项目中采取被动消极的策略。

150、[单选]由于突然和极端的汇率波动,进口项目设备的成本增加了27%。项目经理应该如何减轻这个成本超支问题?

Due to sudden and extreme exchange rate fluctuations,the cost of imported project equipment has increased by 27 percent.What should the project manager do to mitigate this cost overrun?

 A:使用变更控制程序来吸收额外成本

Absorb the additional cost using change control procedures.

 B:使用管理储备支付额外成本

Fund the additional cost using the management reserve.

 C:修改成本基准以反映当前状况

Revise the cost baseline to reflect current conditions

 D:采用应急储备补贴成本超支

Subsidize the cost overrun with the contingency reserve.

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:突然&极端提示了风险超出预期,需要动用管理储备。7.3.2.3 管理储备不包括在成本基准中,但属于项目总预算和资金需求的一部分。当动用管理储备资助不可预见的工作时,就要把动用的管理储备增加到成本基准中,从而导致成本基准变更。

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