UNIT 7 INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP

TEXT A: A Sailor's Christmas Gift

Good Usage(Para. 1)

on our way from Paris to Nice

everything had gone wrong

broke down

on Christmas Eve

we checked into a shabby hotel

no Christmas spirit in our hearts

Good Usage(Paras. 2-3)

carelesslydecorated for the holiday

five tablesin the restaurant were occupied

by himself

in the corner

monotonouslyplayed Christmas music

Good Usage(Paras. 4-6)

ordered our meal in French

I scolded my wife for beingstupid.

defended her

felt even worse

on our left

slapped one of his children forsome minor fault

were interrupted by

an unpleasant blast of cold air

dragged herself in

went from one table to another

Good Usage(Paras.7-9)

sit down at atable

Can you imagine…?

Good Usage(Paras.10-12)

pointed to

got up to leave

walked over tothe flower woman’s table

Good Usage(Paras.13-16)

pressing one of thesmall flowers flat

handed the womana twenty-franc note

leaning over

straightening up

may I havepermission to

to present thisflower to your beautiful daughter

in one quickmotion

Good Usage(Paras.17-18)

Christmasexploded throughout the restaurant like a bomb

jumped up

hobbling to themiddle of the floor

shouted to thepiano player

beating the keyswith magic hands

nodding his headin rhythm

Good Usage(Paras.19-20)

in time tothe music

the cornersof her mouth turned up

in laughter

jumped ontheir chairs

embraced theflower woman

beat rhythmwith his fork against a bottle

climbed onhis lap

singingmerrily

Good Usage(Paras.21-22)

ordered wind foreveryone

called forchampagne

made the rounds

kissing each ofus on both cheeks

joined in

people crowdedin from the street

kept time to theChristmas carols

Good Usage(Para.23)

ended up beingthe very best Christmas Eve

a young sailorwho had Christmas spirit in his soul

released thelove and joy

smothered withinus by anger

Key Words and Expressionsfor Text A

on one’s way to:in the process of coming, going, or traveling to 去……的途中

e.g.1.I’ll buy some bread on my way home.

2.We were already on the way to the airport when we realized we’d forgotten our passports.

我们已经在去机场途中了，突然意识到忘记带护照了。

Usage: phrases with “way”

all the way 一路上；彻底地

by the way 顺便说一下

by way of 途经

in a  way; in one way; in some ways 某种程度上

in  a big (small) way 大（小）规模

in  the way 造成不便或障碍

one  way or another 考虑到各个方面

the  other way round 相反

out  of the way 偏远

to  my way of thinking 在我看来

under  way 已经开始并进行着

go wrong

1.experience problems or difficulties不如意，不对头；遇到麻烦

e.g.1.The party was going well until my parents arrived; then everything went wrong.

2.Their marriage started to go wrong when he got a job abroad.他得到一份在国外的工作,他们的婚姻就在那时开始出现问题。

2. makemistakes at a particular stage in a process 犯错

e.g.Check your work again and see ifyou can spot where you went wrong.

trap n. a plan for deceiving and tricking a person（人的）计谋，策略，陷阱

e.g.1.His pleasant conversation was justa trap to make her say more than she should.他愉快的谈话不过是个策略，诱使她多说些她本不该说的话。

2.It is easy to fall into the trap of taking out a loan you can not afford.很容易就钻进陷阱，背上你偿还不起的贷款。

Collocations:

lay / set a trapbe / get caught in a trapfallinto / walk into a trap

rent vt.esp. AmEpay money for the use of (a car, boat, etc.) for a short time〖尤美〗租用（汽车、船只等）

e.g. 1.Hong Kong is one of the most expensive cities in the world to rent space in.

2. Will you rent a car while you’re in Spain?你在西班牙期间会租辆车吗？

CF:rent, hire, lease

租房子用rent，如: We rented an apartment together.

在美式英语里，租车,租电器产品也可以用rent，如: The TV is rented.

而在英式英语里，虽然也可以说rent a car， 但是经常说的是hire a car，如: You can hire a car at the airport.

长时间地租房子，租车或租设备，尤其是用于商业目的，可以用lease，如: If you upgrade computers regularly, it maywork out cheaper to lease them.

break down

1. (esp. of machinery) stop working; fail（机器）停止运转；坏掉

e.g.1.We’re sorry to arrive late, but the bus broke down soon after we set off.

2.The telephone system has broken down. 电话系统失灵了。

2. fail; collapse失败；崩溃；瓦解；垮

e.g.Negotiations between the two sides have broken down. 双方谈判已经破裂。

3.(of sb’s health) become very bad; collapse（指某人健康状况）变得恶劣；垮

e.g. Her health broke down under the pressureof work.工作的压力把她的身体弄垮了。

4. lose control of one’s feelings感情失去控制

e.g. Hebroke down and wept when he heard the news.他听到这个消息时不禁痛哭起来。

irritable a. tending to get angry at small things; easily annoyed易怒的，急躁的

e.g.1.The long drive home from work lefthim feeling tired and irritable.下班回家长长的车程让他感到又累又急。

2.He had been waiting for over an hour and was beginning to feel irritable.已经等了一个多小时他开始急了。

occupy vt. use a place占用

e.g.1.Many patients who are occupyinghospital beds could be transferred to other places.许多现在正占用床位的病人可以转到其他地方。

2.The bathroom’s occupied. I think John’s in there.厕所有人。我想约翰正在里面。

(all) by oneself alone, without help单独地，独自地

e.g.1.He was sitting by himself, looking very sad.

2.David spent Christmas all by himself. 戴维一个人过的圣诞节。

miserable a. very unhappy极不愉快的，痛苦的

e.g.1.Thechild iscold,hungry,andtired; ofcoursehe’sfeelingmiserable.

2.I spent a miserable weekend alone at home.单独一个人呆在家里，我过了一个很不开心的周末。

scold vt. old-fashspeak angrily and complainingly to (sb. who has done sth. wrong)〖过时〗责骂；斥责（做错事的人）

e.g.1.Latershescoldedherdaughterforhavingtalkedtoherfatherlikethat.

2.He never raised hisvoice or scolded me unfairly.他从来不提高嗓门或不分青红皂白地责骂我。

defend vt. use arguments to support, protect, or show the rightness of为…辩护

e.g. 1.How canyoudefendthe killingof animalsfor scientificresearch?

2.Students should be ready to explain and defend their views.学生应该勇于解释自己的观点并为之辩护。

minor a.lesser or smaller in degree, size, number, or importance when compared with others较少（小）的；低级的，次要的

e.g.1.Heleftmostofhismoneytohissons;hisdaughterreceivedonlyaminor share of his wealth.

2.There may be some minor changes to the schedule.时间表可能有些小的改动。

Antonym: major

interrupt vt.break the flow of speech or action of (sb.) by saying or doing sth.打断（某人的）讲话；中断（某人的）行动；打扰

e.g.1.She’sstudyingforanexamtomorrow,soyou’dbetternotinterrupther.

2.Will you stop interrupting me when I’m talking!我说话的时候请不要打断我！

straighten up: get up from a bent-over position直起身来，挺起身来

e.g.1.Hestraightensup,combshishair,andwalksintothemeeting.

2. Straighten up slowly, then repeat the exercise ten times.慢慢直起身，然后重复这个练习10次。

permission n. [U]an esp. formal text of allowing, written or spoken agreement许可，准许；批准

e.g.1.They cannot leavethecountrywithoutpermission.

2.You must ask permission before taking any photographs inside thechurch.你必须取得同意才能在教堂里拍照。

Collocations:

ask /request / apply for permission

give / grant permission

get / obtain / receive permission

have permission (to do sth.)

refuse / deny (sb.) permission

with / without (sb.’s) permission

special / written permission

注意:

不能说a permission或者the permission。

depart vi.fml or lit leave; go away, esp. when starting a journey〖正式或文〗离开

e.g.1.The 12.15 train to Atlanta willdepart from Platform 16.12点15分去亚特兰大的列车在16号站台乘车。

2.The ship was due to depart at any moment.船随时都会出发的。

lean vi.(leant,leantorleaned, leaned) slope or bend from an upright position倾斜；弯斜，屈身

e.g.1.LastsummervacationIwenttoItalyandvisitedthe LeaningTowerofPisa.

2.A man was leaning out of the window.一个男的把身子探出窗外。

ancient a.

1.usu. humor(of people or objects) very old; in or of times long ago〖一般幽〗老掉牙的；古代的

e.g.1.Ilook rather ancient in this photo.

I feel pretty ancient when I see how the younger generation behaves.看到年轻一代的举止行为,我觉得我太老了。

2.belonging to times long past古代的；远古的

e.g. Rome is famous for itsancient monuments such as the Coliseum.罗马因其古老的建筑物而闻名，如斗兽场。

enthusiasm n. a strong active feeling of interest and admiration巨大的兴趣，热情，热心，热忱

e.g.1.Theplayhewatchedlast night aroused his enthusiasm for acting.

2.Employers showed little enthusiasm for the new regulations.用人单位对新规定没有多大热情。

Collocations:

with enthusiasm

great / much / considerable / enormousenthusiasm

little enthusiasm

lack of enthusiasm

full of enthusiasm

show (great / considerable / little) enthusiasm

lose enthusiasm

share sb.’s enthusiasm

fire sb. with enthusiasm

generate enthusiasm

dampen sb.’s enthusiasm

boundless / unbounded enthusiasm

deliver vt.

1. take (goods, letters, etc.) to people’s houses or places of work递送，传送

e.g.1.Lettersaredeliveredtothe smalltown everyotherday.

2.Unfortunately the package was delivered to the wrong address.不幸的是，包裹投递错了地方。

2. give (a lecture, sermon, speech, etc)授（课）;讲（道）;讲（话）

e.g. She delivered a talk onphilosophy to the society.她给学会作了一次有关哲学的讲话。

release vt.

1.express a feeling that one has been trying not to show释放，放出

e.g.1.He punched the pillow in an effortto release his anger.他击打枕头来发泄怒火。

2.Physical exercise is a good way of releasing stress.

体育锻炼是一种很好的释放压力的方式。

2. make sth. available to the public发布（新闻等）；发行（影片等）

e.g.1. The latest developments have just been released to the media.最新的进展情况已向大众传播媒介发表。

2. Thenew model has now been released for sale to export markets.新型号的产品现已向出口市场出售。

TEXT B: What We Can Do to Improve Human Relationship

encounter vt.

1.fml to meet sb. without planning to〖正式〗邂逅

e. g.1.The story is simple a man and awoman encounter each other and are attracted to each other.

2.She was the most remarkable woman he had ever encountered.

synonyms:come across, run into, bump into

2.fml meet or have to deal with (sth. bad,

esp. a danger or a difficulty); be faced with〖正式〗遇到；遭遇(尤指危险或困难等）

e. g. 1The environmentalproblems they found in this city were among the worst they had ever encountered.

.The government has encountered strong opposition to its plans to raise income tax.

significant a.of noticeable importance, effort, or influence重要的，重大的，有意义的，影响深远的

e. g..Alltheircustomsandcultureshavemadeaverysignificantcontributiontotheway we live.

Please inform us if there are any significant changes in your plans.

Noun: significance

Antonym: insignificant

deserve vt.[not in progressive forms] have earned byone’s actions or character ; be worthy of [不用进行式]应受，应得，值得

e. g. Honors do not always go to those who deserve them.

2.Paula deserves a special mention for all the help she has given us.

Collocations:

deserve to do sth.

richly / fully / thoroughly, etc. deserve sth.

deserve a rest / break / holiday, etc.

deserve all / everything one gets

endure vt.bear (pain, suffering, etc.) patiently or for a long time（长时间地）忍受，忍耐（痛苦、苦难等）；容忍

e.g.Theyenduredtremendoushardship on theirjourneytothe SouthPole.

They had to endure a long waitbefore the case came to trial.

Synonyms: bear, stand, put up with

attach vt.[(to)] fasten in position; fixor connect [常与to连用]系，绑；贴；固定；联结；附着

e.g..Becarefulofthe handle—it’s not very well attached.

Please attach a recent photograph to your application form.

Compare “detach”:

detach vt.unfasten sth. from sth.; disconnect sth.将某物拆下；拆开某物；分开某物

e.g.You can detach the hood if you prefer the coat without it.

assist vt.[(in,with)]fmlhelp or support [常与in或with连用]〖正式〗帮助，协助

e.g.1.Here aresome goodsourcesofinformationtoassistyouinmakingthebestselection.

2.Two men are assisting the police

with their enquiries.

inquire vt.[(about,into)]ask information [常与about或into连用]询问，打听

e.g.1.Thepoliceareinquiringintothedisappearanceof thejewellery.

2.I am writing to inquire about youradvertisement inThe Times.

Collocations:

inquire about sth.

inquire sth. of sb.

inquire how / whether /why, etc.

inquire into sth.

inquire after sb. / sth.

obstacle n.[(to)] sth.which prevents action, movement or success [常与to连用]障碍（物），妨碍，阻碍，干扰

e.g.1.Thebiggestobstaclein our waywas a tree trunk intheroad.

2.Fear of change is an obstacle toprogress.

Collocations:put / place obstaclesin the way (of sth.)

overcomean obstacle

remove an obstacle

main / biggest / greatest obstacle

major / serious obstacle

insuperable obstacle

formidable obstacle

legal obstacle

political obstacle

blame vt.consider (sb. or sth.) responsible for (sth. bad)责怪，怪罪，把……归咎于

e.g.1.Theyblamedthefailureofthetalksonthe Russians.

2.Don’t blame me – it’s not myfault.

Usage:

blame sb. / sth. forsth.

blame sth. on sb. / sth.

sb. / sth. is to blame(for sth.)

partly / largely / entirely,etc. to blame

I don’t blame you / youcan hardly blame him, etc.

don’t blame me

sb. only has himself /herself to blame

approach vt.1.move towards or nearer to sb. or sth.走近；靠近，接近

e.g.1.As the train approached a station, its whistle sounded shrilly.

2. The total amount raised so far is approaching $1000.

2. be similar in quality or character to (sb.

/ sth.)（在性质或特点上）接近（某人[某事物]）

e.g. Few writers evenbegin to approach Shakespeare’s greatness.

莎士比亚的伟大,鲜有作家能望其项背。

3. go to

(sb.) for help or support or in order to offer sth.（为求助或提供某事物）接近（某人）

e.g. We’ve justapproached the bank for/about a loan.

我们已经找了银行寻求贷款。

4. begin to tackle (a task, problem, etc.)着手处理（事务、难题等）

e.g.Beforetrying to solve the puzzle, let us consider the best way to approach it.

要想解决这一难题,咱们先来考虑一下如何着手方为上策。

strain vi.make (too) great efforts; damage or weaken (oneself or a part of the body) through too much effort or pressure使劲，竭尽全力，（过分）努力；(因过分用力而）损伤，拉伤，扭伤(自己或身体某个部位）

e.g.1.She was straining to keep her head above the water.

2.You’ll strain your eyes trying toread in this light.

recovery n.[(from)] a return to goodhealth, a strong condition, etc.; the getting back of sth.[常与from连用]恢复健康，复原;重获；复得

e.g.1.Ann made a quick recovery from her operation.

2.At last the economy is showingsigns of recovery.

3. There is a reward forinformation leading to the recovery of the missing diamonds.

fade vi.disappear or die gradually逐渐消失

e.g.1.Hopesofapeacesettlement arebeginningto fade.

2.All other issues fade intoinsignificance compared with the struggle for survival.

Collocations:

fade in（使画面）清晰度逐渐增强；（使音量）逐渐增大

eg.Additional background sound is faded in atthe beginning of the shot.

fade out（使画面）清晰度逐渐减弱；（使音量）逐渐减小

eg.As the programme ended, their conversationwas faded out.

tremble vi.shake

uncontrollably with quick short movements, usu. from fear, excitement, or weakness颤抖，发抖，震颤，战栗

e.g.1.His mouthbecamedry,hiseyeswidened, and he begantotremble allover.

2.Greene was on his feet now, hisbody trembling with rage.

deal with take action about对付，应付，处理

e.g.1.Thistopicisdealt withatgreaterlength in thefollowingchapter.

2.They should deal properly and fairly with any complaint.

Synonyms: cope with, handle

breeze through pass (a test)

easily毫不费力地通过（考试）

e.g.1.Shehadreviewedher lessonsso thoroughlythatshe simplybreezedthroughtheexam.

2. She breezed through the song as though she’d been singing it foryears.

go by: pass (in place or time)(时光）逝去；经过(某处）

e.g.1.Things will get easier as time goes by.

2. Hardly a week goes by without some foodscare being reported in the media.

come along appear or arrive by chance偶然出现，产生

e.g.1.Igot thejobbecauseIcamealongattherighttime.

2.Take any job opportunity thatcomes along.

make it arrive in time及时到达

e.g.1.It rained hard; westillmade itintimefortheceremony.

2.With blood pouring from his leg, hemade it to a nearby house.

3. The flight leaves in twenty

minutes — we’ll never make it.

right away esp. AmEat once; without delay〖尤美〗立即，马上

e.g.1.Don’tworry;I will go and find your child right away.

2. I want it sent right away