Category是Objective-C中常用的语法特性,通过它可以很方便的为已有的类来添加函数。但是Category不允许为已有的类添加新的属性或者成员变量。
一种常见的办法是通过runtime.h中objc_getAssociatedObject / objc_setAssociatedObject来访问和生成关联对象。通过这种方法来模拟生成属性。
//NSObject+IndieBandName.h
@interface NSObject (IndieBandName)
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *indieBandName;
@end
上面是头文件声明,下面的实现的.m文件:
// NSObject+IndieBandName.m
#import "NSObject+Extension.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
static const void *IndieBandNameKey = &IndieBandNameKey;
@implementation NSObject (IndieBandName)
@dynamic indieBandName;
- (NSString *)indieBandName {
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, IndieBandNameKey);
}
- (void)setIndieBandName:(NSString *)indieBandName{
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, IndieBandNameKey, indieBandName, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
}
@end
DLIntrospection
这个和Category无关,但是也是runtime.h的一种应用。DLIntrospection,是 一个NSObject Category。它为NSObject提供了一系列扩展函数:
@interface NSObject (DLIntrospection)
+ (NSArray *)classes;
+ (NSArray *)properties;
+ (NSArray *)instanceVariables;
+ (NSArray *)classMethods;
+ (NSArray *)instanceMethods;
+ (NSArray *)protocols;
+ (NSDictionary *)descriptionForProtocol:(Protocol *)proto;
+ (NSString *)parentClassHierarchy;
@end
通过这些函数,你可以在调试时(通过po命令)或者运行时获得对象的各种信息。