假设我们的网站名为:www.my.com
如果是之前的http,我们只需在浏览器中输入:my.com
浏览器就会自动登录到:http:// www.my.com
但部署了https后,发现在浏览器中输入:my.com,返回的结果是:无法访问此网站 ,这对用户来说,体验是非常不好的。
好吧,那我们试试一些比较有名的网站,如阿里云。
在浏览器中输入:aliyun.com
就能自动跳转到:https: //www.aliyun.com
那我们能不能在部署了https后,在输入:my.com
自动跳转到https对应的: https:// www.my.com
或 依然跳转到:http:// www.my.com ?
答案是,上面两种方法都可以的,任君选择
下面介绍的就是以上要求基于spring boot的实现
直接上代码:
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.SecurityCollection;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.SecurityConstraint;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ServerMain implements CommandLineRunner{
@Bean
public EmbeddedServletContainerFactory servletContainer() {
TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcat = new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
@Override
protected void postProcessContext(Context context) {
//Due to CONFIDENTIAL and /*, this will cause Tomcat to redirect every request to HTTPS.
//You can configure multiple patterns and multiple constraints if you need more control over what is and is not redirected.
SecurityConstraint constraint = new SecurityConstraint();
constraint.setUserConstraint("CONFIDENTIAL");
SecurityCollection collection = new SecurityCollection();
collection.addPattern("/*");
constraint.addCollection(collection);
context.addConstraint(constraint);
}
};
tomcat.addAdditionalTomcatConnectors(httpConnector());
return tomcat;
}
@Bean
public Connector httpConnector() {
Connector connector = new Connector("org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol");
//Set the scheme that will be assigned to requests received through this connector
//@param scheme The new scheme
connector.setScheme("http");
//Set the port number on which we listen for requests.
// @param port The new port number
connector.setPort(80);
//Set the secure connection flag that will be assigned to requests received through this connector.
//@param secure The new secure connection flag
//if connector.setSecure(true),the http use the http and https use the https;else if connector.setSecure(false),the http redirect to https;
connector.setSecure(false);
//redirectPort The redirect port number (non-SSL to SSL)
connector.setRedirectPort(443);
return connector;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SpringApplication.run(ServerMain.class, args);
}
@Override
public void run(String... arg0) throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
其中,下面代码的作用是把此EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 注入到web容器中
@Bean
public EmbeddedServletContainerFactory servletContainer()
然后,用下面的代码拦截所有的/*请求
@Override
protected void postProcessContext(Context context) {
..........
constraint.setUserConstraint("CONFIDENTIAL");
collection.addPattern("/*");
.............
}
并把其关联到下面的httpConnector中
@Bean
public Connector httpConnector()
最后,在public Connector httpConnector()中, 把http设为默认的80端口,并把http的请求跳转到443的https端口 。其中443是https的默认端口,也可以设为其它的值,但要resources/application.properties的内容对应 如下:
server.port=443
server.ssl.key-store=classpath:keystore.p12
server.ssl.key-store-password=123456
server.ssl.keyStoreType=PKCS12
server.ssl.keyAlias:tomcat
运行服务器,会看到打印如下:
其中会看到TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer,和同时开启的两个端口:443 (https) 80 (http)
TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 443 (https) 80 (http)
Ok,那现在试试输入:my.com,就会发现浏览器会直接跳到:https:// www.my.com了
到此,这件事情就算是大功告成了。
但此时有同学可能会提出特殊的要求:
他的https只是为了某某的要求而使用的,比如说要接入什么什么的一定要填的是https的地址,而他的网站根本就不需要https这种安全级别的,另外,他觉得http的访问速度可能会快点,你知道有些同学是有这种洁癖的 ,也就是说:
输入:my.com,跳到: http:// www.my.com
输入:https:// www.my.com,跳到:https:// www.my.com
要实现此要求,其实很简单,只需要把:
@Bean
public Connector httpConnector() {
........
connector.setSecure(false);
...........
改为
@Bean
public Connector httpConnector() {
........
connector.setSecure(true);
...........
就大功告成了