源码是eventbus-3.1.1
代码入口:
-
EventBus.getDefault().register(Object subscriber)
注册订阅者 -
EventBus.getDefault().unregister(Object subscriber)
注销订阅者 -
EventBus.getDefault().post(Object event)
发送事件 -
@Subscribe()
订阅者
创建EventBus
EventBus.getDefault().register(Object subscriber)
可以看到EventBus的使用是单例模式:
static volatile EventBus defaultInstance;
public static EventBus getDefault() {
if (defaultInstance == null) {
synchronized (EventBus.class) {
if (defaultInstance == null) {
defaultInstance = new EventBus();
}
}
}
return defaultInstance;
}
DCL的单例模式为什么静态变量instance要使用volatile标签?
查看new EventBus()
:
private static final EventBusBuilder DEFAULT_BUILDER = new EventBusBuilder();
public EventBus() {
this(DEFAULT_BUILDER);
}
EventBus(EventBusBuilder builder) {
logger = builder.getLogger();
subscriptionsByEventType = new HashMap<>();
typesBySubscriber = new HashMap<>();
stickyEvents = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
mainThreadSupport = builder.getMainThreadSupport();
mainThreadPoster = mainThreadSupport != null ? mainThreadSupport.createPoster(this) : null;
backgroundPoster = new BackgroundPoster(this);
asyncPoster = new AsyncPoster(this);
indexCount = builder.subscriberInfoIndexes != null ? builder.subscriberInfoIndexes.size() : 0;
subscriberMethodFinder = new SubscriberMethodFinder(builder.subscriberInfoIndexes,
builder.strictMethodVerification, builder.ignoreGeneratedIndex);
logSubscriberExceptions = builder.logSubscriberExceptions;
logNoSubscriberMessages = builder.logNoSubscriberMessages;
sendSubscriberExceptionEvent = builder.sendSubscriberExceptionEvent;
sendNoSubscriberEvent = builder.sendNoSubscriberEvent;
throwSubscriberException = builder.throwSubscriberException;
eventInheritance = builder.eventInheritance;
executorService = builder.executorService;
}
这里在new EventBus的时候又使用了构造者模式。
EventBus中几个主要的成员变量:
-
Map<Class<?>, CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription>> subscriptionsByEventType
这个subscriptionsByEventType的key是事件类,value是订阅者list,其中list使用的线程安全的CopyOnWriteArrayList。 -
Map<Object, List<Class<?>>> typesBySubscriber
这个typesBySubscriber的key为订阅者,value为订阅者的事件list -
Map<Class<?>, Object> stickyEvents
这个stickyEvents为粘性事件,key为事件的类,value为事件对象
注册
public void register(Object subscriber) {
//获取订阅者类名
Class<?> subscriberClass = subscriber.getClass();
// 1 获取订阅者订阅的方法
List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods = subscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods(subscriberClass);
synchronized (this) {
// 2 在同步块中将订阅方法进行注册
for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : subscriberMethods) {
subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
}
}
}
一般情况下register的入参是Activity、Service、Fragment这个有生命周期的对象,所有在对象的生命周期开始的地方进行注册,并在生命周期结束的时候进行注销。
看标注1处,这里使用subscriberMethodFinder的findSubscriberMethods()
方法获取订阅者的订阅方法:
List<SubscriberMethod> findSubscriberMethods(Class<?> subscriberClass) {
List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods = METHOD_CACHE.get(subscriberClass);
if (subscriberMethods != null) {
return subscriberMethods;
}
if (ignoreGeneratedIndex) {
subscriberMethods = findUsingReflection(subscriberClass);
} else {
subscriberMethods = findUsingInfo(subscriberClass);
}
if (subscriberMethods.isEmpty()) {
throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriberClass
+ " and its super classes have no public methods with the @Subscribe annotation");
} else {
METHOD_CACHE.put(subscriberClass, subscriberMethods);
return subscriberMethods;
}
}
可以看到方法中先查看缓存中是否存在此订阅者的订阅方法,如果没有就通过findUsingInfo()
进行查找,然后将查找到的结果放入缓存,并返回结果。
private List<SubscriberMethod> findUsingInfo(Class<?> subscriberClass) {
FindState findState = prepareFindState();
findState.initForSubscriber(subscriberClass);
while (findState.clazz != null) {
findState.subscriberInfo = getSubscriberInfo(findState);
if (findState.subscriberInfo != null) {
SubscriberMethod[] array = findState.subscriberInfo.getSubscriberMethods();
for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : array) {
if (findState.checkAdd(subscriberMethod.method, subscriberMethod.eventType)) {
findState.subscriberMethods.add(subscriberMethod);
}
}
} else {
findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(findState);
}
findState.moveToSuperclass();
}
return getMethodsAndRelease(findState);
}
这里通过findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(findState);方法进行查找订阅方法,查找完成后会继续查找订阅者类的父类的订阅方法,直到当前查找的类是系统类时跳出循环。
private void findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(FindState findState) {
Method[] methods;
try {
// This is faster than getMethods, especially when subscribers are fat classes like Activities
methods = findState.clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
} catch (Throwable th) {
// Workaround for java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError, see https://github.com/greenrobot/EventBus/issues/149
methods = findState.clazz.getMethods();
findState.skipSuperClasses = true;
}
for (Method method : methods) {
int modifiers = method.getModifiers();
if ((modifiers & Modifier.PUBLIC) != 0 && (modifiers & MODIFIERS_IGNORE) == 0) {
Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
if (parameterTypes.length == 1) {
Subscribe subscribeAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(Subscribe.class);
if (subscribeAnnotation != null) {
Class<?> eventType = parameterTypes[0];
if (findState.checkAdd(method, eventType)) {
ThreadMode threadMode = subscribeAnnotation.threadMode();
findState.subscriberMethods.add(new SubscriberMethod(method, eventType, threadMode,
subscribeAnnotation.priority(), subscribeAnnotation.sticky()));
}
}
}
...
}
}
从名字就可以看出是通过反射的方法进行查找,在查找的过程中通过遍历每个订阅者类的每个方法的注解,如有存在@Subscribe()
则表明是订阅方法,并将这个method的注解参数进行解析,最终一并加入list中。
至此,注册的第一步完成:获取订阅者类的订阅方法(因为方法可能多个,所有用list)。再看注册的第二部分:
synchronized (this) {
for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : subscriberMethods) {
subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
}
}
主要看subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod)
方法。
// Must be called in synchronized block
private void subscribe(Object subscriber, SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod) {
//获取这个订阅方法中订阅的事件(订阅方法的入参)
Class<?> eventType = subscriberMethod.eventType;
//通过订阅类和订阅方法注册一个订阅对象Subscription
Subscription newSubscription = new Subscription(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
/**
* 获取订阅当前事件的所有订阅对象,
* 如果为空那就创建一个list用于存储,并将这个list放入subscriptionsByEventType中
**/
CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventType);
if (subscriptions == null) {
subscriptions = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
subscriptionsByEventType.put(eventType, subscriptions);
}
// 按优先级顺序插入当前的订阅对象
int size = subscriptions.size();
for (int i = 0; i <= size; i++) {
if (i == size || subscriberMethod.priority > subscriptions.get(i).subscriberMethod.priority) {
subscriptions.add(i, newSubscription);
break;
}
}
//将当前订阅类作为key,订阅事件作为value传入typesBySubscriber中
List<Class<?>> subscribedEvents = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber);
if (subscribedEvents == null) {
subscribedEvents = new ArrayList<>();
typesBySubscriber.put(subscriber, subscribedEvents);
}
subscribedEvents.add(eventType);
//POST粘性事件
if (subscriberMethod.sticky) {
if (eventInheritance) {
// 包含事件父类的情况(默认true)
// Existing sticky events of all subclasses of eventType have to be considered.
// Note: Iterating over all events may be inefficient with lots of sticky events,
// thus data structure should be changed to allow a more efficient lookup
// (e.g. an additional map storing sub classes of super classes: Class -> List<Class>).
Set<Map.Entry<Class<?>, Object>> entries = stickyEvents.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, Object> entry : entries) {
Class<?> candidateEventType = entry.getKey();
if (eventType.isAssignableFrom(candidateEventType)) {
Object stickyEvent = entry.getValue();
checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent);
}
}
} else {
Object stickyEvent = stickyEvents.get(eventType);
checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent);
}
}
}
至此,订阅的注册完成,在完成注册的时候会将订阅的类、订阅的方法、订阅的事件统一存到EventBus对象中,为后面事件的发送进行处理;粘性事件会在订阅的类注册完成的时候触发订阅方法。
注销
public synchronized void unregister(Object subscriber) {
// 1 根据订阅类获取订阅事件
List<Class<?>> subscribedTypes = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber);
if (subscribedTypes != null) {
for (Class<?> eventType : subscribedTypes) {
// 2 解除订阅事件和订阅类的绑定关系
unsubscribeByEventType(subscriber, eventType);
}
// 3 移除订阅类
typesBySubscriber.remove(subscriber);
}
...
}
注销方法中第一个注释的地方是通过订阅类获取订阅事件,然后对每一个订阅事件解除与订阅类的关系,最后移除订阅类。
解除订阅事件和订阅类的绑定关系使用的是unsubscribeByEventType(subscriber, eventType);
方法:
private void unsubscribeByEventType(Object subscriber, Class<?> eventType) {
List<Subscription> subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventType);
if (subscriptions != null) {
int size = subscriptions.size();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
Subscription subscription = subscriptions.get(i);
if (subscription.subscriber == subscriber) {
subscription.active = false;
subscriptions.remove(i);
i--;
size--;
}
}
}
}
从subscriptionsByEventType中获取所有订阅事件对应的订阅者(Subscription),遍历订阅者list,找出所有订阅类的Subscription,并从中移除。
注意代码中list的选择删除,每删除一个元素,都有
i--;size--;
不然就会报索引越界的异常。
发送订阅事件 post(Object event)
private final ThreadLocal<PostingThreadState> currentPostingThreadState = new ThreadLocal<PostingThreadState>() {
@Override
protected PostingThreadState initialValue() {
return new PostingThreadState();
}
};
final static class PostingThreadState {
final List<Object> eventQueue = new ArrayList<>();
boolean isPosting;
boolean isMainThread;
Subscription subscription;
Object event;
boolean canceled;
}
public void post(Object event) {
// 1
PostingThreadState postingState = currentPostingThreadState.get();
List<Object> eventQueue = postingState.eventQueue;
eventQueue.add(event);
if (!postingState.isPosting) {
// 2
postingState.isMainThread = isMainThread();
postingState.isPosting = true;
if (postingState.canceled) {
throw new EventBusException("Internal error. Abort state was not reset");
}
try {
while (!eventQueue.isEmpty()) {
// 3
postSingleEvent(eventQueue.remove(0), postingState);
}
} finally {
postingState.isPosting = false;
postingState.isMainThread = false;
}
}
}
订阅事件发送主要分三步:
- 从currentPostingThreadState中获取当前线程的信息:
- 当前线程的待发送事件对列
- 发送状态
currentPostingThreadState是一个threadLocal对象,为每一个线程存储订阅事件的信息。
- 判断当前线程是不是主线程,后面可以看到主线程和子线程发送事件的方式不同
- 从头开始逐一将当前线程的订阅事件发送出去,使用
postSingleEvent(eventQueue.remove(0), postingState);
方法。
private void postSingleEvent(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState) throws Error {
Class<?> eventClass = event.getClass();
boolean subscriptionFound = false;
if (eventInheritance) {
// 1
List<Class<?>> eventTypes = lookupAllEventTypes(eventClass);
int countTypes = eventTypes.size();
for (int h = 0; h < countTypes; h++) {
Class<?> clazz = eventTypes.get(h);
subscriptionFound |= postSingleEventForEventType(event, postingState, clazz);
}
} else {
// 2
subscriptionFound = postSingleEventForEventType(event, postingState, eventClass);
}
if (!subscriptionFound) {
if (logNoSubscriberMessages) {
logger.log(Level.FINE, "No subscribers registered for event " + eventClass);
}
if (sendNoSubscriberEvent && eventClass != NoSubscriberEvent.class &&
eventClass != SubscriberExceptionEvent.class) {
post(new NoSubscriberEvent(this, event));
}
}
}
注释1处是对于订阅事件的超类和接口一并进行发送,注释2处只发送订阅事件,所以主要关注postSingleEventForEventType(event, postingState, eventClass)
方法。
private boolean postSingleEventForEventType(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState, Class<?> eventClass) {
CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> subscriptions;
synchronized (this) {
// 1
subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventClass);
}
if (subscriptions != null && !subscriptions.isEmpty()) {
for (Subscription subscription : subscriptions) {
postingState.event = event;
postingState.subscription = subscription;
boolean aborted = false;
try {
// 2
postToSubscription(subscription, event, postingState.isMainThread);
aborted = postingState.canceled;
} finally {
postingState.event = null;
postingState.subscription = null;
postingState.canceled = false;
}
if (aborted) {
break;
}
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
注释1处获取当前订阅事件对应的所有订阅对象;在注释2处逐条进行发送,使用postToSubscription(subscription, event, postingState.isMainThread);
方法:
private void postToSubscription(Subscription subscription, Object event, boolean isMainThread) {
switch (subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode) {
case POSTING:
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
break;
case MAIN:
if (isMainThread) {
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
} else {
mainThreadPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
}
break;
case MAIN_ORDERED:
if (mainThreadPoster != null) {
mainThreadPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
} else {
// temporary: technically not correct as poster not decoupled from subscriber
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
}
break;
case BACKGROUND:
if (isMainThread) {
backgroundPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
} else {
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
}
break;
case ASYNC:
asyncPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
break;
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown thread mode: " + subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode);
}
}
可以看出,这里针对订阅方法的注解的不同,发送到不同的线程:
- POSTING:通过发射直接调用订阅方法,没有线程切换,性能损耗最小
- MAIN:如果发送事件的线程就是主线程,那就反射调用订阅方法;如果不是,那就将订阅事件加入主线程的发送队列
- MAIN_ORDER:对于Android,不论在哪个线程发送,都将订阅事件加入主线程的发送队列
- BACKGROUND:如果发送事件的线程是主线程,那就将事件加入子线程的发送队列;否则直接反射调用订阅方法
- ASYNC:将事件加入异步发送队列
反射调用订阅方法比较简单,直接调用invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
方法即可。
这里主要看看三个发送队列的实现: - HandlerPoster mainThreadPoster
- BackgroundPoster backgroundPoster
- AsyncPoster asyncPoster
发送队列都实现了Poster接口的void enqueue(Subscription subscription, Object event);
方法。
HandlerPoster mainThreadPoster
mainThreadPoster的创建为:new HandlerPoster(eventBus, looper, 10);
。
实现的enqueue()方法和handleMessage()方法如下:
@Override
public void enqueue(Subscription subscription, Object event) {
// 1
PendingPost pendingPost = PendingPost.obtainPendingPost(subscription, event);
synchronized (this) {
// 2
queue.enqueue(pendingPost);
if (!handlerActive) {
handlerActive = true;
if (!sendMessage(obtainMessage())) {
throw new EventBusException("Could not send handler message");
}
}
}
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
boolean rescheduled = false;
try {
long started = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
while (true) {
// 3
PendingPost pendingPost = queue.poll();
if (pendingPost == null) {
synchronized (this) {
// Check again, this time in synchronized
pendingPost = queue.poll();
if (pendingPost == null) {
handlerActive = false;
return;
}
}
}
// 4
eventBus.invokeSubscriber(pendingPost);
long timeInMethod = SystemClock.uptimeMillis() - started;
if (timeInMethod >= maxMillisInsideHandleMessage) {
if (!sendMessage(obtainMessage())) {
throw new EventBusException("Could not send handler message");
}
rescheduled = true;
return;
}
}
} finally {
handlerActive = rescheduled;
}
}
注释1处创建出一个PendingPost对象,PendingPost对象中包含了订阅事件和订阅对象,为了节省资源避免频繁GC,使用池化的方式重复利用一组PendingPost对象。
注释2处,将PendingPost对象加入mainThreadPoster的队列中,然后发送一个消息(这里的消息不区分内部的内容,只要发送出去就会在handleMessage处理)。
注释3处,获取到message,就从队列从依次弹出PendingPost对象。
注释4处使用反射的方法执行订阅方法,此时执行的方法已经在主线程中执行。