因为得到一个新功能：在前台，后台，和锁屏状态下，得到后台通知时语音播报，查阅一些资料并作出总结。为了方便理解以下内容分为三个部分：
- APP生命周期
- 合成语音
- 各个系统下收到通知的逻辑处理
首先我们要先了解APP在各情况下的活跃状态以及涉及的系统方法：
1.首次启动正常前台运行：活跃状态
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions{
return YES;
}
- (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application {
NSLog(@" 程序激活 !");
}
2.锁屏状态：挂起->进入后台
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(UIApplication *)application {
// 比如:当有电话进来或者锁屏，这时你的应用程会挂起，在这时，UIApplicationDelegate委托会收到通知，调用 applicationWillResignActive 方法，你可以重写这个方法，做挂起前的工作，比如关闭网络，保存数据。
NSLog(@" 程序挂起 !");
}
- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application {
NSLog(@" 程序进入后台 !");
}
3.点击home：挂起->进入后台
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(UIApplication *)application {
NSLog(@" 程序挂起 !");
}
- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application {
NSLog(@" 程序进入后台 !");
}
4.后台状态时，点击收到的通知或者icon
- (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication *)application {
// Called as part of the transition from the background to the active state; here you can undo many of the changes made on entering the background.
NSLog(@"程序进入前台 !");
}
- (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application {
NSLog(@"程序激活 !");
}
二、语音部分
用系统强大的AVSpeechSynthesizer(10_14, 7_0)，写成一个单例
+(instancetype)sharedInstance{
static CRSpeechManger *instance;
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
instance = [[CRSpeechManger alloc] init];
instance.synthesizer = [[AVSpeechSynthesizer alloc] init];
});
return instance;
}
- (void)syntheticVoice:(NSString*)string {
// 语音合成
AVSpeechUtterance *speechUtterance = [AVSpeechUtterance speechUtteranceWithString:string];
//设置语言类别（不能被识别，返回值为nil）
speechUtterance.voice = [AVSpeechSynthesisVoice voiceWithLanguage:@"zh-CN"];
//设置语速快慢
speechUtterance.rate=0.5;//0.5是一个 //语音合成器会生成音频
[self.synthesizer speakUtterance:speechUtterance];
}
三、通知部分
我们先聊本地通知，其中iOS10是一个分水岭，iOS10以前的系统用UILocalNotification，iOS10以后的系统包括10，系统新增<UserNotifications/UserNotifications.h>库，增加自定义多媒体消息的功能。
1.发送通知
- (void)pushNotification_IOS10_before{
UILocalNotification *notif = [[UILocalNotification alloc] init];
// 发出推送的日期
notif.fireDate = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:10];
// 推送的内容
notif.alertBody = @"本地推送语音测试";
// 可以添加特定信息
notif.userInfo = @{ @"name": @"123" };
// 角标
notif.applicationIconBadgeNumber = 1;
// 提示音
notif.soundName = UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName;
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] scheduleLocalNotification:notif];
}
-(void)pushNotification_IOS_10_after {
//获取通知中心用来激活新建的通知
UNUserNotificationCenter * center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
UNMutableNotificationContent * content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc]init];
content.body = body;
content.userInfo = @{@"name":@"123"};
//通知的提示音
if ([promptTone containsString:@"."]) {
UNNotificationSound *sound = [UNNotificationSound soundNamed:promptTone];
content.sound = sound;
}
__block UNNotificationAttachment *imageAtt;
__block UNNotificationAttachment *movieAtt;
__block UNNotificationAttachment *soundAtt;
NSString * imageName = @"";
if ([imageName containsString:@"."]) {
[self addNotificationAttachmentContent:content attachmentName:imageName options:nil withCompletion:^(NSError *error, UNNotificationAttachment *notificationAtt) {
imageAtt = [notificationAtt copy];
}];
}
NSString * soundName = @"";
if ([soundName containsString:@"."]) {
[self addNotificationAttachmentContent:content attachmentName:soundName options:nil withCompletion:^(NSError *error, UNNotificationAttachment *notificationAtt) {
soundAtt = [notificationAtt copy];
}];
}
NSString * movieName = @"";
if ([movieName containsString:@"."]) {
UNNotificationAttachmentOptionsThumbnailTimeKey
[self addNotificationAttachmentContent:content attachmentName:movieName options:@{@"UNNotificationAttachmentOptionsThumbnailTimeKey":@10} withCompletion:^(NSError *error, UNNotificationAttachment *notificationAtt) {
movieAtt = [notificationAtt copy];
}];
}
NSMutableArray * array = [NSMutableArray array];
// [array addObject:soundAtt];
// [array addObject:imageAtt];
// [array addObject:movieAtt];
content.attachments = array;
//添加通知下拉动作按钮
NSMutableArray * actionMutableArray = [NSMutableArray array];
UNNotificationAction * actionA = [UNNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"identifierNeedUnlock" title:@"进入应用" options:UNNotificationActionOptionAuthenticationRequired];
UNNotificationAction * actionB = [UNNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"identifierRed" title:@"忽略" options:UNNotificationActionOptionDestructive];
[actionMutableArray addObjectsFromArray:@[actionA,actionB]];
if (actionMutableArray.count > 1) {
UNNotificationCategory * category = [UNNotificationCategory categoryWithIdentifier:@"categoryNoOperationAction" actions:actionMutableArray intentIdentifiers:@[] options:UNNotificationCategoryOptionCustomDismissAction];
[center setNotificationCategories:[NSSet setWithObjects:category, nil]];
content.categoryIdentifier = @"categoryNoOperationAction";
}
//UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger 延时推送
//UNCalendarNotificationTrigger 定时推送
//UNLocationNotificationTrigger 位置变化推送
UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger * tirgger = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:10 repeats:NO];
//建立通知请求
UNNotificationRequest * request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:identifier content:content trigger:tirgger];
//将建立的通知请求添加到通知中心
[center addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (error) {
NSLog(@"%@本地推送 :( 报错 %@",identifier,error);
} else {
NSLog(@"本地推送 :成功");
}
}];
}
2.注册本地通知
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
if ([[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion doubleValue]>=10.0) {
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] setDelegate:self];
UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
[center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:UNAuthorizationOptionAlert|UNAuthorizationOptionBadge|UNAuthorizationOptionSound completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (granted) {
NSLog(@"新版通知-注册成功-success");
}else{
NSLog(@"新版通知-注册失败-error");
}
}];
}else if([[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion doubleValue]>=8.0){//8.0以后使用这种方法来注册推送通知
UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeBadge|UIUserNotificationTypeSound|UIUserNotificationTypeAlert categories:nil];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:settings];
}else{
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:[UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:(UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge) categories:nil]];
}
return YES;
}
3.收到本地通知后的处理逻辑
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(nonnull UILocalNotification *)notification{
NSString *voiceString =nil;
voiceString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"语音播报：%@", notification.alertBody];
[[CRSpeechManger sharedInstance] syntheticVoice:voiceString];
}
总结：本地推送较为简单，但要注意的是只有在前台时会调用didReceiveLocalNotification，后台状态时，只有用户点击后才能调用此方法。
远程通知
1.注册通知（和本地通知一样），用户同意后，会调用此程序，获取系统的deviceToken，应把deviceToken传给服务器保存，此函数会在程序每次启动时调用：
//registerForRemoteNotifications方法调用时机
//对于任何远程推送，registerForRemoteNotifications可以直接调用来注册远程推送，而不需要用户允许。也就是说只要调用-[UIApplication registerForRemoteNotifications]，就可以在AppDelegate的application:didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:中获取到设备的push token。
那么通常的弹窗询问权限有什么用呢？其实只是请求用户允许在推送通知到来时能够有alert, badge和sound，而并不是在请求注册推送本身的权限。
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken{
}
2.收到消息的逻辑处理
ios10以后，需要实现[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter]的代理方法。
//用户点击通知栏，前后台处理方式一致，iOS 10以后是用户点击才回调
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(void))completionHandler{
//可按需求进行数据处理
NSLog(@"%@",response);
}
// 下面处理iOS 10之后，设置前台收到远程消息时是否显示 当APP处于前台的时候接收到通知
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler
{
NSString *voiceString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"语音播报：%@", notification.request.content.body];
[[CRSpeechManger sharedInstance] syntheticVoice:voiceString];
}
iOS10以前通知回调方法,前台收到消息时调用，
后台模式下
普通推送：收到推送后（有文字有声音），点开通知，进入APP后，才执行
静默推送：收到推送（没有文字没有声音），不用点开通知，不用打开APP，就能执行，用户完全感觉不到，可以理解允许应用在收到通知后在后台运行一段代码，且能够马上执行
静默推送简介：静默推送（Silent Push）并不是必须要“静默”，只要推送payload中aps字典里包含了"content-available": 1的键值对，都具有静默推送的特性（比如唤醒应用），而无论你是否推了alert, badge或sound。则可以不打扰用户的情况下进行内容更新等操作。
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler{
// 获取通知所带的数据
//程序关闭状态点击推送消息打开
NSLog(@"%@",userInfo[@"alert"]);
//前台运行
if ([UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {
}
//后台挂起时
else{
}
//设置应用程序角标数为0
[UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = 0;
NSString *voiceString =nil;
voiceString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"语音播报：%@", userInfo[@"alert"]];
[[CRSpeechManger sharedInstance] syntheticVoice:voiceString];
}
知识点梳理告一段落，下面讨论需求实现
我的想法是:
iOS 10之前的版本，采用静默推送，在实现播放固定的声音。
iOS 10之后，使用新增的UNNotificationServiceExtension
(mutable-content : 1)，合成语音播报。
