全英文教学中，学生如果想轻松跟上讲课的节奏、最大程度接收教学内容，需要在老师的讲授中找到“路标词”（signposting words）。
路标词是指当老师正准备要开始一个主题或进入下一个主题时，作为开场白用途的句子或单词，以及搭配的语调变化。
路标词的使用，可以帮助需要用英语授课的老师，提升学生的专注力以及学习效率。学生也可以根据路标词，跟随老师的节奏。但值得特别注意的是，路标词技巧仅适用于课堂上，并不适用于正规的书信或科学论文的写作，因该用法被认为较口语化。
能够用作路标词的副词以及转折词主要有以下几类：
一、情绪副词：用于陈述事实、观点以及主题间的切换，表达出个人对陈述内容的主观感受。
例子：
1.Fortunately, a way has been found to resolve this long-standing problem.
2.Naturally, one would want to assess the risks first.
3.Especially, notice the information in the handout.
实用的情绪副词：
actually apparently basically by the way briefly certainly clearly conceivably confidentially curiously especially evidently
fortunately hopefully hypothetically ideally incidentally indeed interestingly ironically naturally oddly predictably presumably
regrettably seriously strangely surprisingly thankfully theoretically truthfully ultimately unfortunately wisely
二、主题性副词：用于帮助听众分辨句子的主题，使该句子的主题更加明确，也可以用来强调教师的个人观点，或是当教师要将主题转移至另一个相关主题的时候，也可以使用主题性副词。
例子：
1.Economically, this would be infeasible to implement while the markets are too unstable.
2.Politically, it would be unwise for the senator to suddenly propose such an outrageously expensive funding project at such an economically depressed time as this.
3.Biologically speaking, it would be imprecise to call this a virus.
用于特定主题或研究领域的副词：
scientifically mathematically artistically financially intellectually philosophically computationally psychologically economically
politically intellectually biologically environmentally presently evolutionarily emotionally
三、转折语：用来传达一个主题、逻辑或语气的转移信号。
转折语相当好用，尤其是当教师想要转移主题时，转折语可以通过语调的强调，引导学生的注意力。
Now,Now turning to
Let’s turn to
Let’s turn our attention to
Now, let’s move on to
I’ll move on to
Let me move on to
Next, let’s talk about
I’ll talk about / discuss
Now I’d like to discuss
This raises the following issues /
question(s)
So how about…
What about …?
If I could now turn to
My next point is
Now, let’s see what happens.
Now that that’s clear / we’ve resolved that
We will go on to the next point.
Now let’s approach this problem in a different way.
The second point I’d like to make is...
