PART 1 Sentences
1. A man of Wang's temperament had to be the boss wherever he was, and when serving as a magistrate in an outlying district, he was the big frog in a little puddle.
2. A man who does not act according to common human nature must be a great hypocrite and a scheming intriguer.
想起了春秋时期的易牙，易牙为了讨好齐桓公将自己三岁的孩子煮了给齐桓公吃。齐桓公因此相信了他的忠心，然而后来易牙勾结皇子发动政变，最终将齐桓公饿死在床上。这种反人性的行为背后往往包藏着祸心和野心。被打了左脸还把右脸伸过去的人大多不是圣人，而是比真小人更可怕的伪君子。对自己够狠的人对别人只会更加狠而已。
3. But knowing that the reforms were popular with the Emperor himself, the eunuchs and dishonest reporters always reported to the Emperor that the people loved the reforms, and that upon the arrival of the tax commissioners, the "people cried with joy," which was literally true, as far as a staged reception was concerned.
有一句话叫"上有所好，下必奉焉"，下位者往往会投其上位者所爱，阿谀奉承。然而我觉得这种"见人说人话，见鬼说鬼话"的能力特别累人，也特别让人不舒服，倒不如真实地做自己，乐得轻松自在。就我自己来说，我是那种加了同学老师微信但几乎从不在朋友圈点赞的人。我也特别惊奇无论老师发了什么内容，即使再稀松平常，但下面总有满当当的赞和评论。我想那些赞大多数并不是给帖子本身的，而只是为了在老师面前刷一下存在感而已。其实从不点赞也有从不点赞的好处，我班级里的同学和老师都以为我从不看朋友圈所以对我的“沉默”都习以为常了。
PART 2 Expressions
1. He achieved a certain notoriety by his dirty dress and his unshaved and unkempt appearance.
unkempt: unkempt hair or plants have not been cut and kept neat 邋遢的；（头发）未加梳理的
He had long unkempt hair and a stubbly chin.
2. The friends stealthily left a clean robe while he was in the bath and wanted to test whether he would find out his dress had been changed.
stealthy: (a.) moving or doing sth quietly and secretly
stealthily: (ad.) 偷偷摸摸地
He must look at me in a certain place, then laughed at me stealthily.
3. Nobody then will be aware of the calamity he could have brought upon the nation.
Calamity:[kəˈlæmɪti] a terrible and unexpected event that causes a lot of damage or suffering SYN disaster
It will be a calamity for farmers if the crops fail again.
calamitous: (a.)
4. His young enthusiasm was fired by the high expectations that Wang Anshih had entertained of him.
entertain: 1. to amuse or interest sb in a way that gives them pleasure
She entertained the children with stories, songs and drama.
2. entertain an idea/ hope/ thought etc: formal. to consider an idea etc, or allow yourself to think that sth might happen to be true
She could never entertain the idea of living in the country.
5. That is why there is all this hubbub.[ˈhʌbʌb]
hubbub: 1. a mixture of loud noises 嘈杂的说话声; 2. a situation in which there is a lot of activity, excitement, or argument, SYV commotion 骚动
When word came that there wasn't going to be any show, the crowd broke up in a hubbub.
6. ]The Emperor was inclined to agree with Szema Kuang, and for a month or two the measures were held in abeyance.
abeyance [əˈbeɪəns]: sth such as a custom, rule, or system that is in abeyance is not being used at the present time 搁置；中止
be held in abeyance/ fall into abeyance
My report of resignation fell into abeyance without sake(无缘无故).
The question is in abeyance until we know more about it.
7. It was inevitable that the government and the businessmen would be treading on each other's toes.
tread on sb's toes/ step on sb's toes: to offend someone especially by becoming involved in sth that they are responsible for
You might tread on some important people's toes with this project.
keep sb on their toes: to make sure that sb is ready for anything that might happen
They do random checks to keep workers on their toes.
8. Moreover, he denied that the imperial treasury stood to gain.
Therefore it stood to lose.
stand to gain/ lose/ win/ make etc: to be likely to do sth or have sth
What do firms think they stand to gain by merging?
After the oil spill, thousands of fishermen stand to lose their livelihoods.
9. When the officials knew that they would be cashiered and degraded for "blocking reforms" if they did not sell up to their quota, it was inevitable that loans began to be allocated by official pressure.
cashier: (v.) to force an officer to leave the army, navy etc because they have done sth wrong
（官员）革职；做名词时是“出纳员”的意思
The government had to recall many officers who had been cashiered on political grounds.
10. What gave the lie to Wang Anshih's desire to relieve the people from military draft, professed in the preceding draft exemption tax, was the paochia system.
give the lie to sth: formal, to show that sth is untrue
This report gives the lie to the company's claims.
