工作中的Elasticsearch-模糊检索

【简介】
ElasticSearch是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器。实时分布式搜索和分析引擎。让你以前所未有的速度处理大数据成为可能。使用Java开发并使用Lucene作为其核心来实现所有索引和搜索的功能,但是它的目的是通过简单的 RESTful
API 来隐藏Lucene的复杂性,从而让全文搜索变得简单。

【特点】
1、分布式的实时文件存储,每个字段都被索引并可被搜索
2、分布式的实时分析搜索引擎
3、可以扩展到上百台服务器,处理PB级结构化或非结构化数据
4、面向文档(document)

针对特点4我们有必要看看关系型数据库与ES的结结构对比
Relational DB -> Databases -> Tables -> Rows -> Columns
Elasticsearch -> Indices -> Types -> Documents -> Fields

【请求方式】
VERB HTTP方法: GET , POST , PUT , HEAD , DELETE
1、PROTOCOL http或者https协议(只有在Elasticsearch前面有https代理的时候可用)
2、HOST Elasticsearch集群中的任何一个节点的主机名,如果是在本地的节点,那么就叫localhost
3、PORT Elasticsearch HTTP服务所在的端口,默认为9200
4、QUERY_STRING 一些可选的查询请求参数,例如 ?pretty 参数将使请求返回更加美观易读的JSON数据
5、BODY 一个JSON格式的请求主体(如果请求需要的话)

这里就具体安利ES了。。。

【需求场景】
由于项目中有模糊查询的业务,而且数据量特别大(单表8000W,并以每天50W的增量不断增加),不得不说这是前期架构设置留下来的大坑。我们知道,mysql进行模糊查询本来就慢,而且数据量还很大,查询效率自然就不敢恭维了,毋庸置疑,这个光荣的任务坑了LZ,集成ES做分表是必然的。

反正淌了不少坑... ...

【实现】

1:kibana视图语句

2:依赖(注意版本对应)

dependencies {
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch')
    compile('org.springframework.data:spring-data-elasticsearch')
    compile('io.searchbox:jest:5.3.3')
    compile('com.sun.jna:jna:3.0.9')
}

3:配置

#es
# 本地local环境
#spring.elasticsearch.jest.uris=http://192.168.90.201:9200
# 测试服务器环境
spring.elasticsearch.jest.uris=http://estest.data.autohome.com.cn:80
spring.elasticsearch.jest.read-timeout=10000

4:工具类

4.1、ESDoc 文档接口

public interface ESDoc {

    //自定义索引文档ID,需要在实现类中添加一个文档id字段并使用@JestId注解,如果返回空则使用ES自动生成的文档ID
    String getDocId();

    //文档所属的索引名,一般为XX-XXX-yyyy.MM.dd
    String getIndex();

    //ES允许每个索引包含多个Type的文档
    String getType();
}

4.2、ESHits.java

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class ESHits {
    private Integer total;
    @SerializedName(value = "maxScore", alternate = "max_score")
    private Double maxScore;
    private List<Map<String, Object>> hits;

    //get、set方法
}

4.3、ESShards.java

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class ESShards {
    private Integer total;
    private Integer successful;
    private Integer skipped;
    private Integer failed;
    private List<Map<String, Object>> failures;

    //get、set方法  
}

4.4、Pagination.java

@Data
public class Pagination<T> {
    private int totalSize;
    private List<T> list;//数据列表
    private int pageIndex;
    private int pageSize;

    public Pagination(){}

    public Pagination(int totalSize, List<T> list, int pageIndex, int pageSize) {
        this.totalSize = totalSize;
        this.list = list;
        this.pageIndex = pageIndex;
        this.pageSize = pageSize;
    }

    //get、set方法  
}

4.5、ElasticSearchResult.java

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class ElasticSearchResult {
    private Integer took;
    @SerializedName(value = "timeOut", alternate = {"time_out"})
    private Boolean timeOut;
    @SerializedName(value = "shards", alternate = {"_shards"})
    private ESShards shards;
    private ESHits hits;

 //get、set方法  
}

4.6、es业务实体类ESNlpInfoDoc.java

/**
 * @Author: LvFang
 * @Date: Created in 2018/4/26.
 * @Description:
 */
public class ESNlpInfoDoc implements ESDoc {

    @JestId
    private String docId;

    private String username;

    private String title;

    private String content;

    private Long ctime;

    public ESNlpInfoDoc(){};

    public ESNlpInfoDoc(String docId,String username,String title,String content){
        this.docId=docId;
        this.username=username;
        this.title=title;
        this.content=content;
    }

    public ESNlpInfoDoc(String docId,String username,String title,String content,Long ctime){
        this.docId=docId;
        this.username=username;
        this.title=title;
        this.content=content;
        this.ctime=ctime;
    }

    @Override
    public String getDocId() {
        return docId;
    }

    @Override
    public String getIndex() {
        //return String.format(ESConstants.INDEX_FORMAT, ESConstants.INDEX_TYPE_MOXIE, this.date);
        return ESConstants.INDEX_NAME_NLP;
    }

    @Override
    public String getType() {
        return ESConstants.INDEX_TYPE_NLPINFO;
    }

 //get、set方法  
}

4.7、ES静态常量ESConstants.java

/**
 * @Author: LvFang
 * @Date: Created in 2018/4/26.
 * @Description:
 */
public class ESConstants {
    public static String INDEX_FORMAT = "loan-%s-%s";//loan-debt-yyyy.MM.dd

    public static String INDEX_NAME_NLP = "nlpindex_";//总索引
    public static String INDEX_NAME_NLP_NEWLY = "nlpindex_newly";//最近一周内数据(实际对应info表,不包含his表)

    public static String INDEX_NAME_NLP_ALL_CLM = "nlpindex";//总索引

    public static String INDEX_TYPE_NLPINFO = "nlpinfo";
    public static String INDEX_TYPE_NLPLOG = "nlplog";
    public static String INDEX_TYPE_NLPDICT = "nlpdict";
    public static String INDEX_TYPE_NLPUSER = "nlpuser";

    public static Long BATCH_FAILURE_ID = -1L;//批次执行失败时失败文档ID,区分正常的文档失败

    public static Integer INDEX_FAILURE = 1;//定时任务处理错误数据,补到索引中
}

4.8、jest工具类 JestService.java

import io.searchbox.client.JestClient;
import io.searchbox.client.JestResult;
import io.searchbox.cluster.Health;
import io.searchbox.cluster.NodesStats;
import io.searchbox.core.*;
import io.searchbox.core.search.sort.Sort;
import io.searchbox.indices.ClearCache;
import io.searchbox.indices.CreateIndex;
import io.searchbox.indices.CreateIndex.Builder;
import io.searchbox.indices.IndicesExists;
import io.searchbox.indices.Optimize;
import io.searchbox.indices.mapping.PutMapping;
import io.searchbox.params.Parameters;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.*;
import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class JestService {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

    @Autowired
    private JestClient jestClient;

    private final static String SCROLL = "1m";
    private final static int BATCH_SIZE = 5000;
    private final static int MAX_SIZE = 10000;

    /**
     * 查看集群健康信息
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public JestResult health() throws IOException {

        Health health = new Health.Builder().build();
        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(health);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 节点状态
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public JestResult nodesStats() throws IOException {
        NodesStats nodesStats = new NodesStats.Builder().build();
        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(nodesStats);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 创建索引
     * @param indexName
     * @param settings
     * @return 执行结果json
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public JestResult createIndex(String indexName, String settings) throws IOException {
        Builder builder = new Builder(indexName);
        if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(settings)){
            builder.settings(Settings.builder().loadFromSource(settings));
        }
        CreateIndex createIndex = builder.build();
        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(createIndex);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 创建索引映射
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param mappings
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public JestResult putMapping(String indexName, String type, String mappings)
        throws IOException {
        PutMapping putMapping = new PutMapping.Builder(indexName, type, mappings).build();
        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(putMapping);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 判断索引是否存在
     * @param indexName
     * @return 结果json
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public JestResult isExists(String indexName) throws IOException {
        IndicesExists indicesExists = new IndicesExists.Builder(indexName).build();
        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(indicesExists);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 优化索引
     * @return
     */
    public JestResult optimizeIndex() {
        Optimize optimize = new Optimize.Builder().build();
        JestResult result = null ;
        try {
            result = jestClient.execute(optimize);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result ;
    }

    /**
     * 刷新缓存
     * @return
     */
    public JestResult clearCache() {
        ClearCache closeIndex = new ClearCache.Builder().build();
        JestResult result = null ;
        try {
            result = jestClient.execute(closeIndex);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result ;
    }


    /**
     * 添加数据
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param doc 要索引的文档
     * @return 执行结果json
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public JestResult insertDocument(String indexName, String type, ESDoc doc) throws IOException {
        Index index = new Index.Builder(doc).index(indexName).type(type).build();
        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(index);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 批量索引
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param docs
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public JestResult bulkIndex(String indexName, String type, List<ESNlpInfoDoc> docs)
        throws IOException {
        Bulk.Builder builder = new Bulk.Builder().defaultIndex(indexName).defaultType(type);
        for(ESDoc doc: docs){
            builder.addAction(new Index.Builder(doc).build());
        }

        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(builder.build());
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 批量索引
     * @param docs
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public JestResult bulkIndex(List<ESDoc> docs)
        throws IOException {
        Bulk.Builder builder = new Bulk.Builder();
        for(ESDoc doc: docs){
            builder.addAction(new Index.Builder(doc).index(doc.getIndex()).type(doc.getType()).build());
        }

        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(builder.build());
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 删除文档
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param id
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public JestResult deleteDocument(String indexName, String type, String id) throws Exception {
        Delete delete = new Delete.Builder(id).index(indexName).type(type).build();
        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(delete);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 更新文档内容
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param doc
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public JestResult updateDocument(String indexName, String type, ESDoc doc)
        throws IOException {
        Update update = new Update.Builder(doc).index(indexName).type(type).id(doc.getDocId()).build();
        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(update);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 获取指定文档
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param docId
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     * 从返回结果获取对象
     * Article article = result.getSourceAsObject(Article.class);
     */
    public JestResult getDocument(String indexName, String type, String docId) throws IOException {
        Get get = new Get.Builder(indexName, docId).type(type).build();
        JestResult result = jestClient.execute(get);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 简单搜索
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param query 查询json串
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     * 如何取出搜索结果
     * List<SearchResult.Hit<Article, Void>> hits = result.getHits(Article.class);
     * or
     * List<Article> articles = result.getSourceAsObjectList(Article.class);
     */
    public SearchResult simpleSearch(String indexName, String type, String query)
        throws IOException {
        Search search = new Search.Builder(query)
            // multiple index or types can be added.
            .addIndex(indexName)
            .addType(type)
            .build();

        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 检索所有
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public SearchResult searchAll ( String indexName , String type ) throws IOException  {
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        Search search = new Search.Builder(
                searchSourceBuilder.toString())
                .addIndex(indexName)
                .addType(type).build();
        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 检索所有并根据指定列进行排序(降序)
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param sortField
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public SearchResult searchAllDesc ( String indexName , String type , String sortField ) throws IOException  {
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        Search search = new Search.Builder(
                searchSourceBuilder.toString()).addSort(new Sort(sortField,Sort.Sorting.DESC))
                .addIndex(indexName)
                .addType(type).build();
        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 检索所有并根据指定列进行排序(升序)
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param sortField
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public SearchResult searchAllAsc ( String indexName , String type , String sortField ) throws IOException  {
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        Search search = new Search.Builder(
                searchSourceBuilder.toString()).addSort(new Sort(sortField,Sort.Sorting.ASC))
                .addIndex(indexName)
                .addType(type).build();
        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 检索所有
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public SearchResult searchMax ( String indexName , String type , String field ) throws IOException  {

        String query = "{\n" +
                "         \"size\": 0,\n" +
                "         \"aggs\": {\n" +
                "         \"maxCtime\": {\n" +
                "         \"max\": {\n" +
                "         \"field\": \"ctime\"\n" +
                "         }\n" +
                "         }\n" +
                "         }\n" +
                "         }";

        Search search = new Search.Builder(query)
                .addIndex(indexName)
                .addType(type)
                .build();

        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 单属性全文匹配
     * @param field
     * @param keyword
     * @return
     */
    public SearchResult searchInfoByField(String indexName , String type ,String field,Object keyword) throws Exception{

        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
//        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery(field+".keyword", keyword);//单值完全匹配查询
        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery(field, keyword);//单值完全匹配查询
        searchSourceBuilder.query(queryBuilder).size(MAX_SIZE);
        String query = searchSourceBuilder.toString();
        System.out.println(query);

        Search search = new Search.Builder(query)
                .addIndex(indexName)
                .addType(type)
                .build();

        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 模糊检索(含时间过滤)
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param keyWord
     * @param field
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public SearchResult blurSearch ( String indexName , String type , String field , String keyWord,Long startTime,Long endTime) throws IOException  {

        //方式五:查询query(用API进行查询是对应视图工具上的json参数进行查询)
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //时间过滤
        QueryBuilder timeQuery = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("ctime").from(startTime).to(endTime);

        //文本过滤
        QueryBuilder contentBuilder = QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery(field, "*"+keyWord+"*");
        QueryBuilder boolQuery = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(timeQuery).must(contentBuilder);
        searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQuery).size(MAX_SIZE);

        String query = searchSourceBuilder.toString();
        System.out.println(query);

        Search search = new Search.Builder(query)
                .addIndex(indexName)
                .addType(type)
                .build();

        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 获取小于指定long的时间节点数据
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public SearchResult getlteByCtime ( String indexName , String type ,Long startTime) throws IOException  {

        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //时间过滤
        QueryBuilder timeQuery = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("ctime").lte(startTime);
        QueryBuilder boolQuery = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(timeQuery);
        searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQuery).size(MAX_SIZE);

        String query = searchSourceBuilder.toString();
        System.out.println(query);

        Search search = new Search.Builder(query)
                .addIndex(indexName)
                .addType(type)
                .build();

        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 获取大于指定long类型列节点数据
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public SearchResult getgteByField ( String indexName , String type ,String field,Long startTime) throws IOException  {

        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //时间过滤
        QueryBuilder timeQuery = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery(field).gte(startTime);

        QueryBuilder boolQuery = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(timeQuery);

        searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQuery).size(MAX_SIZE);

        String query = searchSourceBuilder.toString();
        System.out.println(query);

        Search search = new Search.Builder(query)
                .addIndex(indexName)
                .addType(type)
                .build();

        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 获取小于等于指定long类型列节点数据
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public SearchResult getlteByField ( String indexName , String type , String field, Long startTime) throws IOException  {

        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //时间过滤
        QueryBuilder timeQuery = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery(field).lte(startTime);
        QueryBuilder boolQuery = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(timeQuery);
        searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQuery).size(MAX_SIZE);

        String query = searchSourceBuilder.toString();
        System.out.println(query);

        Search search = new Search.Builder(query)
                .addIndex(indexName)
                .addType(type)
                .build();

        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 模糊检索(无时间过滤)
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param keyWord
     * @param field
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public SearchResult blurSearch ( String indexName , String type , String field , String keyWord) throws IOException  {
        //方式一
//        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.fuzzyQuery(field+".keyword", keyWord);
//        Search search = new Search.Builder(queryBuilder.toString()).addIndex(indexName).addType(type).build();

        //方式二
//        Term term=new Term(field+".keyword", "*"+keyWord+"*");
//        WildcardQuery query=new WildcardQuery(term);
//        Search search = new Search.Builder(query.toString()).addIndex(indexName).addType(type).build();

        //方式三
//        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.constantScoreQuery(QueryBuilders.termQuery(field+".keyword", "*"+keyWord+"*"));
//        Search search = new Search.Builder(
//                queryBuilder.toString())
//                .addIndex(indexName)
//                .addType(type).build();

        //方式四
//        WildcardQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery(field+".keyword", "*"+keyWord+"*");
//        Search search = new Search.Builder(queryBuilder.toString())
//                .addIndex(indexName)
//                .addType(type).build();

        //方式五:查询query(用API进行查询是对应视图工具上的json参数进行查询)
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
//        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery(field+".keyword", "*"+keyWord+"*");
        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery(field, "*"+keyWord+"*");
//        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchQuery(field,keyWord);
        searchSourceBuilder.query(queryBuilder).size(MAX_SIZE);
        String query = searchSourceBuilder.toString();
        System.out.println(query);

        Search search = new Search.Builder(query)
                .addIndex(indexName)
                .addType(type)
                .build();

        SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param indexName
     * @param type
     * @param query
     * @param clazz
     * @param <T>
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public <T extends ESDoc> List<T> scanAndScrollSearch(String indexName, String type, String query, Class<T> clazz)
        throws IOException {
        List<T> ret = new ArrayList<>();
        Search search = new Search.Builder(query)
            .addIndex(indexName)
            .addType(type)
            .setParameter(Parameters.SIZE, BATCH_SIZE)
            .setParameter(Parameters.SCROLL, SCROLL)
            .build();
        SearchResult searchResult = jestClient.execute(search);
        if(!searchResult.isSucceeded()){
            logger.error(searchResult.getErrorMessage());
            return ret;
        }
        String scrollId = searchResult.getJsonObject().get("_scroll_id").getAsString();

        ElasticSearchResult esr = new Gson().fromJson(searchResult.getJsonString(), ElasticSearchResult.class);
        logger.info("ES 搜索花费{}毫秒,超时:{},分片总数:{}, 成功执行的分片数:{},跳过的分片数:{},失败的分片数:{},命中数目:{},命中最高得分:{},本次取得{}条", esr.getTook(), esr.getTimeOut(), esr.getShards().getTotal(), esr.getShards().getSuccessful(), esr.getShards().getSkipped(), esr.getShards().getFailed(), esr.getHits().getTotal(), esr.getHits().getMaxScore(), esr.getHits().getHits().size());
        List<T> curList = searchResult.getSourceAsObjectList(clazz, false);
        int curPageSize = curList.size();
        ret.addAll(curList);
        while(curPageSize != 0 && ret.size() < MAX_SIZE) {
            SearchScroll scrollSearch = new SearchScroll.Builder(scrollId, SCROLL).build();
            JestResult scrollResult = jestClient.execute(scrollSearch);
            scrollId = scrollResult.getJsonObject().get("_scroll_id").getAsString();

            esr = new Gson().fromJson(scrollResult.getJsonString(), ElasticSearchResult.class);
            logger.info("ES 搜索花费{}毫秒,超时:{},分片总数:{}, 成功执行的分片数:{},跳过的分片数:{},失败的分片数:{},命中数目:{},命中最高得分:{},本次取得{}条", esr.getTook(), esr.getTimeOut(), esr.getShards().getTotal(), esr.getShards().getSuccessful(), esr.getShards().getSkipped(), esr.getShards().getFailed(), esr.getHits().getTotal(), esr.getHits().getMaxScore(), esr.getHits().getHits().size());
            curList = scrollResult.getSourceAsObjectList(clazz, false);
            curPageSize = curList.size();
            ret.addAll(curList);
        }
        return ret;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param index
     * @param type
     * @param id
     * @param clazz
     * @param <T>
     * @return
     */
    public <T extends ESDoc> T getESDoc(String index, String type, String id, Class<T> clazz) {
        try {
            JestResult result = getDocument(index, type, id);
            if (result.isSucceeded()) {
                T doc = result.getSourceAsObject(clazz);
                return doc;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("从ES读取{}:{}:{}失败 {}[{}]", index, type, id, e.getMessage(), e.getStackTrace());
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 搜索获得文档
     * @param index
     * @param type
     * @param query
     * @param clazz
     * @return
     */
    public <T extends ESDoc> Pagination<T> search(String index, String type, String query, Class<T> clazz){
        Pagination<T> ret = null;
        try {
            SearchResult result = simpleSearch(index, type, query);
            if(result.isSucceeded()) {
                ElasticSearchResult esr = new Gson().fromJson(result.getJsonString(), ElasticSearchResult.class);
                logger.info("ES 搜索花费{}毫秒,超时:{},分片总数:{}, 成功执行的分片数:{},跳过的分片数:{},失败的分片数:{},命中数目:{},命中最高得分:{}", esr.getTook(), esr.getTimeOut(), esr.getShards().getTotal(), esr.getShards().getSuccessful(), esr.getShards().getSkipped(), esr.getShards().getFailed(), esr.getHits().getTotal(), esr.getHits().getMaxScore());
                if(esr.getShards().getFailed() == 0) {
                    ret = new Pagination<>();
                    ret.setList(result.getSourceAsObjectList(clazz, false));
                    ret.setTotalSize(esr.getHits().getTotal());
                }else{
                    logger.error("搜索错误信息:{}", new Gson().toJson(esr.getShards().getFailures()));
                }
            }else{
                logger.error("ES查询失败{}[{}]", result.getErrorMessage(), result.getJsonString());
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("搜索ES失败 {}[{}]", e.getMessage(), e.getStackTrace());
        }
        return ret;
    }

    public String generateQuery(){
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        TermQueryBuilder termQuery = QueryBuilders.termQuery("beat.hostname", "bjzw_99_138");
        TermsQueryBuilder termsQuery = QueryBuilders
            .termsQuery("response_code", "301", "302", "404", "500");
        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQuery = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("response_duration").gte(0).lte(1);
        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQuery1 = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("response_duration").gte(2).lte(3);
        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQuery2 = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("response_duration").gte(4).lte(5);
        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQuery3 = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("response_duration").gte(8).lte(10);
        BoolQueryBuilder shouldQuery = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().should(rangeQuery1).should(rangeQuery2).should(rangeQuery3);
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQuery = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().filter(termQuery).filter(termsQuery).mustNot(rangeQuery).filter(shouldQuery);
        return builder.query(boolQuery).toString();
    }
}

5:业务实现

/**
     * 根据content模糊查询ES
     *
     * @param content
     * @param startTime
     * @param endTime
     * @return
     */
    private List<Long> getESInfoByContent(String index , String type ,String content, Long startTime, Long endTime) {
        List<Long> idList = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(content)) {
                //进行ES模糊检索,并返回出id的集合列表
                JestResult jestResult = jestService.blurSearch(index, type, "content", content, startTime, endTime);
                List<ESNlpInfoDoc> list = jestResult.getSourceAsObjectList(ESNlpInfoDoc.class);
                for (ESNlpInfoDoc doc : list) {
                    idList.add(Long.parseLong(doc.getDocId()));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.info("ES query by content error : " + e.getMessage());
        }
        Collections.sort(idList);
        Collections.reverse(idList);
        return idList;
    }

    /**
     * 根据title全文匹配ES
     *
     * @param title
     * @param startTime
     * @param endTime
     * @return
     */
    private List<Long> getESInfoByTitle(String index , String type ,String title, Long startTime, Long endTime) {
        List<Long> idList = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(title)) {
                //title全文匹配
//                JestResult jestResult = jestService.searchInfoByField(ESConstants.INDEX_NAME_NLP, ESConstants.INDEX_TYPE_NLPINFO,"title",title);
                //title模糊匹配
                JestResult jestResult = jestService.blurSearch(index, type,"title", title, startTime, endTime);
                List<ESNlpInfoDoc> list = jestResult.getSourceAsObjectList(ESNlpInfoDoc.class);
                for (ESNlpInfoDoc doc : list) {
                    idList.add(Long.parseLong(doc.getDocId()));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.info("ES query by title error : " + e.getMessage());
        }
        Collections.sort(idList);
        Collections.reverse(idList);
        return idList;
    }


//-------------------------------------业务使用-------------------------------------
/**
     * 二次优化:根据ES索引id,在根据mysql查询
     */
    public RcASMsgVo infoRequestV2(Integer function,
                                    String businessId,
                                    String uName,
                                    String curStatus,
                                    String manualConfirm,
                                    String contentType,
                                    String stime,
                                    String etime,
                                    String type,
                                    String searchName, //5 内容  6 标题
                                    String searchContent,
                                    int pageSize,
                                    int pageNum) throws Exception {
        RcASMsgVo rcASMsgVo = new RcASMsgVo(Constants.CODE_FAIL, Constants.MSG_FAIL, null);
        //验证用户名和用户id一致性,如果验证失败,返回空内容
        if (!checkAdmin(uName, businessId)) {
            rcASMsgVo.setMsg(Constants.MSG_NAME_ID_NO_ALIKE);
            return rcASMsgVo;
        }
        Long startTime = Long.parseLong(stime);
        Long endTime = Long.parseLong(etime);

        //时间转换格式
        if (stime != null && etime != null) {
            stime = timeTransform(stime);
            etime = timeTransform(etime);
        } else {
            stime = null;
            etime = null;
        }

        //根据日期判断查那张表(一周为基准)
        String isHis = getIsHis(stime, etime);

        //判断模糊查询参数 不为空则进行ES模糊查询
        List<Long> idList;

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////ES使用开始////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        //(1)内容模糊检索
        if (searchName.equals("5") || searchName == "5") {
            //(优化v2)ES分表查询
            if("0".equals(isHis)){
                idList = getESInfoByContent(ESConstants.INDEX_NAME_NLP_NEWLY, ESConstants.INDEX_TYPE_NLPINFO,searchContent, startTime, endTime);
            } else {
                idList = getESInfoByContent(ESConstants.INDEX_NAME_NLP, ESConstants.INDEX_TYPE_NLPINFO,searchContent, startTime, endTime);
            }
            //(优化v1)ES查询
//            idList = getESInfoByContent(ESConstants.INDEX_NAME_NLP, ESConstants.INDEX_TYPE_NLPINFO,searchContent, startTime, endTime);
            System.out.println("ES检索后list大小:" + idList.size());
            //(2)标题全文检索
        } else if (searchName.equals("6") || searchName == "6") {
            if("0".equals(isHis)){
                idList = getESInfoByContent(ESConstants.INDEX_NAME_NLP_NEWLY, ESConstants.INDEX_TYPE_NLPINFO,searchContent, startTime, endTime);
            } else {
                idList = getESInfoByContent(ESConstants.INDEX_NAME_NLP, ESConstants.INDEX_TYPE_NLPINFO,searchContent, startTime, endTime);
            }
            System.out.println("ES检索后list大小:" + idList.size());
            //(3)其他情况
        } else {
            //老查询方法
            return infoRequest(function, businessId, uName, curStatus, manualConfirm, contentType, startTime.toString(), endTime.toString(), type, searchName, searchContent, pageSize, pageNum);
        }
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////ES使用结束////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        //计算总数
        int totalNum = 0;
        //计算limit分页所需参数
        int rowStartNum = pageSize * pageNum;

        //关系型数据库查询,使用id排查
        List<RcAdminNlpInfo> rcAdminNlpInfoList = new ArrayList<>();
        if (idList.size() > 0) {
            totalNum = rcAdminNlpInfoDao.countTotalNumNew(idList, businessId, curStatus, manualConfirm, contentType, stime, etime, type, isHis);
            rcAdminNlpInfoList = rcAdminNlpInfoDao.selectByParamNew(idList, businessId, curStatus, manualConfirm, contentType, stime, etime, type, rowStartNum, pageSize, isHis);
        }
        logger.info("total num is : " + totalNum);

        //使用字典缓存,将代码替换为文本,调用方法增加文本高亮标签
        List<RcAdminNlpInfo> list = rcAdminNlpInfoFormat(rcAdminNlpInfoList);

        //包装数据
        RcASPageVo rcASPage = new RcASPageVo(totalNum, pageSize, pageNum, list);
        rcASMsgVo.setCode(Constants.CODE_SUCCESS);
        rcASMsgVo.setMsg(Constants.MSG_SUCCESS);
        rcASMsgVo.setData(rcASPage);

//        logger.info("查询结果:{}", rcASPage);

        //初始化返回前端的数据对象
        return rcASMsgVo;
    }

我们可以看到,在查询中,老的查询方式是直接在mysql中进行模糊查询,整合ES之后,我们可以先使用ES进行模糊查询进行过滤,得到符合的结果id列表,在使用mysql对id进行in查询,从而避免使用mysql进行文本的模糊查询,提高效率。当然,我们也可以对ES进行分索引操作,对应mysql的分表。

【优化报表】当然,这不是最终的优化方案

查询时间段   查询类型    查询关键字       原始版本            优化V1(ES)                优化v2(ES分表)          优化v3(mysql去union做单表)       优化v4(去除mysql)        数据表跨度(张/数据量)    预估效率倍数(单位:倍)

当天      content     交警          用时:5079 ms      用时:8457 ms          用时:879 ms           用时:923 ms                                                       1/500W                  3
三天      content     交警          用时:23212 ms     用时:8359 ms          用时:942 ms           用时:1052 ms                                                      1/500W                  22
最近一周    content     交警          用时:42380 ms     用时:9055 ms          用时:1069 ms          用时:1063 ms                                                      1/500W                  39
一周以外    content     交警          用时:113900 ms        用时:9607 ms          用时:8508 ms          用时:8826 ms                                                      1/7500W                 13
最近一月    content     交警          用时:448306 ms        用时:214725 ms            用时:170833 ms            用时:44213 ms                                                     2/8000W                 10
                
当天      content     歪果仁         用时:31973 ms     用时:8053 ms          用时:659 ms           用时:665 ms                                                       1/500W                  48
三天      content     歪果仁         用时:25086 ms     用时:8587 ms          用时:652 ms           用时:753 ms                                                       1/500W                  33
最近一周    content     歪果仁         用时:49043 ms     用时:7883 ms          用时:759 ms           用时:704 ms                                                       1/500W                  69
一周以外    content     歪果仁         用时:116818 ms        用时:8156 ms          用时:7999 ms          用时:8613 m                                                       1/7500W                 14
最近一月    content     歪果仁         用时:456657 ms        用时:8579 ms          用时:8223 ms          用时:8113 ms                                                      2/8000W                 56
                    
当天      title       提车          用时:4280 ms      用时:1408 ms          用时:1021 ms          用时:1139 ms                                                      1/500W                  4
三天      title       提车          用时:11150 ms     用时:3869 ms          用时:3417 ms          用时:3190 ms                                                      1/500W                  3
最近一周    title       提车          用时:18370 ms     用时:3921 ms          用时:3500 ms          用时:3288 ms                                                      1/500W                  5
一周以外    title       提车          用时:84029 ms     用时:42576 ms         用时:41153 ms         用时:40660 ms                                                     1/7500W                 2
最近一月    title       提车          用时:263730 ms        用时:177561 ms            用时:173627 ms            用时:42564 ms                                                     2/8000W                 6

当天      title       保养          用时:4503 ms      用时:966 ms           用时:912 ms           用时:975 ms                                                       1/500W                  5
三天      title       保养          用时:10832 ms     用时:3336 ms          用时:3142 ms          用时:3094 ms                                                      1/500W                  3
最近一周    title       保养          用时:19063 ms     用时:3813 ms          用时:3642 ms          用时:3169 ms                                                      1/500W                  7
一周以外    title       保养          用时:79402 ms     用时:41638 ms         用时:40708 ms         用时:40718 ms                                                     1/7500W                 2
最近一月    title       保养          用时:265663 ms        用时:173113 ms            用时:179834 ms            用时:44493 ms                                                     2/8000W                 6



方案演变:
    原始版本-优化v1(ES接入)
        旨在使用ES的代替mysql模糊查询,降低模糊查询时间,提高效率。此段优化ES单个查询消耗时间在10s-20s之间,所有通常在当天或者近期的查询时间段性能不会提升,反而会有所下降,主要原因是ES的查询消耗
            
    优化v1-优化v2(ES分表)
        旨在避免每一次查询ES都对整体数据量进行模糊匹配,将搜索频次比较高的时间段新建一个索引,提高热度高频时间段查询的效率(以一周为准),此段优化在查询一周内效率提升比较明显
        
    优化v2-优化v3(mysql单表处理)
        旨在去除mysql的union链表查询,转单表查询,对结果集进行程序整合操作来替换mysql查询,使用程序弥补mysql的查询瓶颈,查询效率,此段优化在查询一周以外以及横跨双表时效率提升比较明显
        
    优化v3-优化v4(去除mysql)
        待续... ...
        
备注:
    目前,查询瓶颈主要在分表问题上,mysql通常单表数据量不易超过500W,当前业务需求看,mysql存储数据量过大是造成查询效率低下的主要原因之一,可转mysql为HBase或ES

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