rabbitmq 整合 spring boot 完成消息可靠投递

一.实现思路

1.生产者发起调用
2.消费者消费消息
3.定时任务定时拉取投递失败的消息重新投递
4.各种异常清空的测试验证
5.使用动态代理实现消费端幕等性校验和消息确认

二.项目搭建

1.pom

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

2.rabbitmq配置

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    port: 5672
    username: liming
    host: 114.116.18.120
    password: liming
    virtual-host: /
    ##开启回调
    publisher-returns: true
    publisher-confirms: true
    ##设置手动确认
    listener:
      simple:
        acknowledge-mode: manual
        prefetch: 100

3.表结构

CREATE TABLE `msg_log` (
  `msg_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '消息唯一标识',
  `msg` text COMMENT '消息体, json格式化',
  `exchange` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '交换机',
  `routing_key` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '路由键',
  `status` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '状态: 0投递中 1投递成功 2投递失败 3已消费',
  `try_count` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '重试次数',
  `next_try_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '下一次重试时间',
  `create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  `update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`msg_id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `unq_msg_id` (`msg_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='消息投递日志';

4.rabbitConfig

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig{

    @Bean
    public Queue queue1(){
        return new Queue("hello.queue1", true);
    }

    @Bean
    public TopicExchange topicExchange(){
        return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding binding1(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1()).to(topicExchange()).with("key.1");
    }

}

5.生产者生产消息

@Slf4j
@Component
public class TopicProducer {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void sendList(String name){
        //设置消息消费成功回调操作
        rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((correlationData, ack, cause) ->{
            if(ack){
                log.info("消息发送成功！");
                String msgId = correlationData.getId();
                msgLogService.updateStatus(msgId, Constant.MsgLogStatus.DELIVER_SUCCESS);
            }else{
                log.info("消息发送到Exchange失败, {}, cause: {}", correlationData, cause);
            }
        });
        // 触发setReturnCallback回调必须设置mandatory=true, 否则Exchange没有找到Queue就会丢弃掉消息, 而不会触发回调
        rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true);
        // 消息是否从Exchange路由到Queue, 注意: 这是一个失败回调, 只有消息从Exchange路由到Queue失败才会回调这个方法
        rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback((message, replyCode, replyText, exchange, routingKey) -> {
            log.info("消息从Exchange路由到Queue失败: exchange: {}, route: {}, replyCode: {}, replyText: {}, message: {}", exchange, routingKey, replyCode, replyText, message);
        });
        
//创建消息日志
        String msgId = UUID.randomUUID().toString()；
        MsgLog msgLog = new MsgLog(msgId, name, RabbitConfig.MAIL_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitConfig.MAIL_ROUTING_KEY_NAME);
        
        msgLogMapper.insert(msgLog);// 消息入库
        Message message = new Message(name.getBytes(), new MessageProperties());
        //设置消息唯一id 发送消息
        CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(msgId );
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange", "key.2", message, correlationData);

    }

6.消费者消费消息

@Component
@Slf4j
public class TopicConsumer {
 
    @Autowired
    private MsgLogService msgLogService;
 
    @RabbitListener(queues = "hello.queue1")
    public void consume(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        String name = new String(message.getBody())；
        log.info("收到消息: {}", name);
         
        MsgLog msgLog = msgLogService.selectByMsgId(msgId);
        if (null == msgLog || msgLog.getStatus().equals(Constant.MsgLogStatus.CONSUMED_SUCCESS)) {// 消费幂等性
            log.info("重复消费, msgId: {}", msgId);
            return;
        }
 
        MessageProperties properties = message.getMessageProperties();
        long tag = properties.getDeliveryTag();
 
        boolean success = mailUtil.send(mail);
        if (success) {
            msgLogService.updateStatus(msgId, Constant.MsgLogStatus.CONSUMED_SUCCESS);
            channel.basicAck(tag, false);// 消费确认
        } else {
            channel.basicNack(tag, false, true);
        }
    }
 
}

7.定时任务处理消费失败的消息


@Component
@Slf4j
public class ResendMsg {
 
    @Autowired
    private MsgLogService msgLogService;
 
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
 
    // 最大投递次数
    private static final int MAX_TRY_COUNT = 3;
 
    /**
     * 每30s拉取投递失败的消息, 重新投递
     */
    @Scheduled(cron = "0/30 * * * * ?")
    public void resend() {
        log.info("开始执行定时任务(重新投递消息)");
 
        List<MsgLog> msgLogs = msgLogService.selectTimeoutMsg();
        msgLogs.forEach(msgLog -> {
            String msgId = msgLog.getMsgId();
            if (msgLog.getTryCount() >= MAX_TRY_COUNT) {
                msgLogService.updateStatus(msgId, Constant.MsgLogStatus.DELIVER_FAIL);
                log.info("超过最大重试次数, 消息投递失败, msgId: {}", msgId);
            } else {
                msgLogService.updateTryCount(msgId, msgLog.getNextTryTime());// 投递次数+1
 
                CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(msgId);
                rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(msgLog.getExchange(), msgLog.getRoutingKey(), MessageHelper.objToMsg(msgLog.getMsg()), correlationData);// 重新投递
 
                log.info("第 " + (msgLog.getTryCount() + 1) + " 次重新投递消息");
            }
        });
 
        log.info("定时任务执行结束(重新投递消息)");
    }
 
}