如何在C++中嵌入JAVA
最近在为 AWTK 增加 JAVA 绑定,在 Windows 和 Linux 下工作正常,但是在 MACOS 上运行起来遇到下列问题:
java[5714:260503] WARNING: NSWindow drag regions should only be invalidated on the Main Thread! This will throw an exception in the future. Called from (
0 AppKit 0x00007fff50d21607 -[NSWindow(NSWindow_Theme) _postWindowNeedsToResetDragMarginsUnlessPostingDisabled] + 378
1 AppKit 0x00007fff50d1e9f7 -[NSWindow _initContent:styleMask:backing:defer:contentView:] + 1479
2 AppKit 0x00007fff50d1e42a -[NSWindow initWithContentRect:styleMask:backing:defer:] + 45
3 AppKit 0x00007fff50fead08 -[NSWindow initWithContentRect:styleMask:backing:defer:screen:] + 52
4 libSDL2-2.0.dylib 0x0000000109947d87 Cocoa_CreateWindow + 887
5 libSDL2-2.0.dylib 0x000000010990aa46 SDL_CreateWindow_REAL + 1190
6 libawtk-jni.dylib 0x00000001225d7ad6 native_window_create_internal + 150
7 libawtk-jni.dylib 0x00000001225d7cc2 native_window_sdl_init + 162
8 libawtk-jni.dylib 0x00000001225da166 main_loop_init + 38
9 libawtk-jni.dylib 0x000000012251f866 tk_init + 262
10 libawtk-jni.dylib 0x0000000122505519 Java_awtk_AWTK_init + 57
11 ??? 0x0000000109b359f4 0x0 + 4457716212
12 ??? 0x0000000109b25d00 0x0 + 4457651456
)
看起来大概是说,AWTK没有在UI线程运行,所以无法初始化SDL。找了半天也没有找到解决方法,转念一想,能不能把像处理脚本语言一样,把JAVA嵌入到C/C++中来呢?
在网上搜了一下,可能这种用法太奇葩,只找到少量例子,而且没有一个可以直接运行的,花了不少时间去调整。这里做个笔记,供有需要的朋友参考。
一、启动虚拟机的参数
基本参数需要两个:
- JNI 动态库的路径通过java.library.path设置。
- 程序jar文件通过java.class.path设置。
static string toClassPath(const string& program) {
return string("-Djava.class.path=") + program;
}
...
jvmopt[0].optionString = (char*)"-Djava.library.path=./lib";
jvmopt[1].optionString = (char*)classPath.c_str()
二、调用main函数
这里我需要把宽度和高度两个参数,通过main函数传递给java程序。
static jobjectArray prepareProgramArgs(JNIEnv* env, const char* w, const char* h) {
jobjectArray ret= (jobjectArray)env->NewObjectArray(2,
env->FindClass("java/lang/String"),
env->NewStringUTF(""));
env->SetObjectArrayElement(ret,0, env->NewStringUTF(w));
env->SetObjectArrayElement(ret,1, env->NewStringUTF(h));
return ret;
}
...
jmethodID methodId = env->GetStaticMethodID(jcls, "main", "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
if (methodId != NULL) {
jobjectArray args = prepareProgramArgs(env, w, h);
env->CallStaticVoidMethod(jcls, methodId, args);
if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
env->ExceptionDescribe();
env->ExceptionClear();
}
}
三、完整代码
#include <jni.h>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
static string toClassName(const string& program) {
string className;
size_t start = program.find_last_of('/');
size_t end = program.find_last_of('.');
if(start == std::string::npos) {
start = program.find_last_of('\\');
if(start == std::string::npos) {
start = -1;
}
}
className = program.substr(start+1, end - start - 1);
return className;
}
static string toClassPath(const string& program) {
return string("-Djava.class.path=") + program;
}
static jobjectArray prepareProgramArgs(JNIEnv* env, const char* w, const char* h) {
jobjectArray ret= (jobjectArray)env->NewObjectArray(2,
env->FindClass("java/lang/String"),
env->NewStringUTF(""));
env->SetObjectArrayElement(ret,0, env->NewStringUTF(w));
env->SetObjectArrayElement(ret,1, env->NewStringUTF(h));
return ret;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
JavaVM* javaVM;
JNIEnv* jniEnv;
string program;
string classPath;
string className;
const char* w = "320";
const char* h = "480";
JavaVMInitArgs vmArgs;
JavaVMOption jvmopt[2];
if(argc < 2) {
printf("Usage: %s jar [w] [h]\n", argv[0]);
return 0;
}
if(argc > 2) {
w = argv[2];
}
if(argc > 3) {
h = argv[3];
}
program = argv[1];
className = toClassName(program);
classPath = toClassPath(program);
jvmopt[0].optionString = (char*)"-Djava.library.path=./lib";
jvmopt[1].optionString = (char*)classPath.c_str();
vmArgs.options = jvmopt;
vmArgs.version = JNI_VERSION_1_8;
vmArgs.ignoreUnrecognized = JNI_TRUE;
vmArgs.nOptions = sizeof(jvmopt) / sizeof(jvmopt[0]);
long flag = JNI_CreateJavaVM(&javaVM, (void**)&jniEnv, &vmArgs);
if (flag == JNI_ERR) {
cout << "Error creating VM. Exiting...\n";
return 1;
}
JNIEnv* env = jniEnv;
jclass jcls = env->FindClass(className.c_str());
if (jcls == NULL) {
jniEnv->ExceptionDescribe();
javaVM->DestroyJavaVM();
return 1;
}
if (jcls != NULL) {
jmethodID methodId = env->GetStaticMethodID(jcls, "main", "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
if (methodId != NULL) {
jobjectArray args = prepareProgramArgs(env, w, h);
env->CallStaticVoidMethod(jcls, methodId, args);
if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
env->ExceptionDescribe();
env->ExceptionClear();
}
} else {
cout << "Not found main, Exiting...\n";
}
} else {
cout << "Not found class , Exiting...\n";
}
javaVM->DestroyJavaVM();
return 0;
}
四、编译和链接
- JAVA_HOME
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_111.jdk/Contents/Home
- 头文件路径。
$JAVA_HOME/include
$JAVA_HOME/include/darwin
- 库的路径。
$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/server
库的名称。 libjvm
运行时库的路径
export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/server"
五、命令函数参数
编译通过,以为大功告成,运行时却提示找不到JRE。原来安装了JDK还不行,还需另外在安装JRE,安装之后AWTK显示正常。
./bin/awtkRun bin/DemoButton.jar