1.背景
这几天一直在学习在CentOS7.0创建本地yum源和局域网yum源，准备两台CentOS7.0虚拟机，一个做服务器，一个做客户端；由于开发环境只有局域网，没法使用网上的各种yum源，来回拷贝rpm包安装麻烦，还得解决依赖问题。
2.环境
[root@min-base ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
并且是Minimal Install。
3.安装
3.1本地YUM源
3.1.1 ISO源
**准备rpm包 **
挂载CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1511.iso，把里面所有文件都拷贝到本地目录/yum/yum-iso
[root@min-base ~]# mkdir /mnt/yum-iso
[root@min-base ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/yum-iso/mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@min-base ~]# mkdir /yum/
[root@min-base ~]# cp -a /mnt/yum-iso/ /yum/
[root@min-base ~]# ll /yum/total 4dr-xr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Dec 10 2015 yum-iso
[root@min-base ~]# ll /yum/yum-iso/total 640-r--r--r--. 1 root root 14 Dec 10 2015 CentOS_BuildTagdr-xr-xr-x. 3 root root 33 Dec 10 2015 EFI-r--r--r--. 1 root root 215 Dec 10 2015 EULA-r--r--r--. 1 root root 18009 Dec 10 2015 GPLdr-xr-xr-x. 3 root root 69 Dec 10 2015 imagesdr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 10 2015 isolinuxdr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 41 Dec 10 2015 LiveOSdr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 483328 Dec 10 2015 Packagesdr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 10 2015 repodata-r--r--r--. 1 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7-r--r--r--. 1 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7-r--r--r--. 1 root root 2883 Dec 10 2015 TRANS.TBL
[root@min-base ~]#
备份、移除其他repo
[root@min-base ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@min-base yum.repos.d]# ll-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Base.repo-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-CR.repo-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 649 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 290 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-fasttrack.repo-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Media.repo-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Sources.repo-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1952 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Vault.repo
[root@min-base yum.repos.d]# tar zcvf repo-bk.tar.gz CentOS-*CentOS-Base.repoCentOS-CR.repoCentOS-Debuginfo.repoCentOS-fasttrack.repoCentOS-Media.repoCentOS-Sources.repoCentOS-Vault.repo
[root@min-base yum.repos.d]# rm -f CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
配置本地repo
[root@min-base yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Media.repo
填入如下内容
[c7-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=file:///yum/yum-iso/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
注释：配置repo路径、关闭gbp校验、启用这个repo
制作cache
[root@min-base yum.repos.d]# yum clean allLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorCleaning repos: c7-mediaCleaning up everythingCleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@min-base yum.repos.d]# yum makecacheLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorc7-media | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 (1/4): c7-media/group_gz | 155 kB 00:00:00 (2/4): c7-media/primary_db | 5.3 MB 00:00:00 (3/4): c7-media/filelists_db | 6.2 MB 00:00:00 (4/4): c7-media/other_db | 2.3 MB 00:00:00 Determining fastest mirrorsMetadata Cache Created
[root@min-base yum.repos.d]#
这样就可以使用yum安装软件啦
[root@min-base yum.repos.d]# yum groupinstall "Development tools"Loaded plugins: fastestmirrorThere is no installed groups file.Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfileResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package autoconf.noarch 0:2.69-11.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl >= 5.006 for package: autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: m4 >= 1.4.14 for package: autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: perl(warnings) for package: autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch
或者
[root@min-base yum.repos.d]# yum install treeLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfileResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency Resolution
3.1.2 自定义YUM源
[root@min-base yum.repos.d]# yum -y install createrepo
准备rpm包
（需要自己确定依赖包）、目录。这里使用tree做演示。
[root@min-base ~]# mkdir -p /yum/yum-custom/packages[root@min-base ~]# cp tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm /yum/yum-custom/packages/
创建repo
[root@min-base ~]# createrepo -u -d /yum/yum-custom/Spawning worker 0 with 1 pkgsSpawning worker 1 with 0 pkgsWorkers FinishedSaving Primary metadataSaving file lists metadataSaving other metadataGenerating sqlite DBsSqlite DBs complete
[root@min-base ~]# ll /yum/yum-custom/total 4drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 41 Dec 20 07:03 packagesdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 20 07:08 repodata[root@min-base ~]#
配置自定义repo
[root@min-base ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo
填入如下内容
[c7-media]name=CentOS-$releasever - Mediabaseurl=file:///yum/yum-custom/gpgcheck=0enabled=1gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
制作cache
[root@min-base ~]# yum clean allLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorCleaning repos: c7-mediaCleaning up everythingCleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@min-base ~]# [root@min-base ~]# yum makecacheLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorc7-media | 3.0 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): c7-media/filelists_db | 880 B 00:00:00 (2/3): c7-media/primary_db | 1.8 kB 00:00:00 (3/3): c7-media/other_db | 1.3 kB 00:00:00 Determining fastest mirrorsMetadata Cache Created
[root@min-base ~]#
使用自定义repo
[root@min-base ~]# yum install treeLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfileResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency Resolution
3.2 局域网YUM源
局域网YUM源可以配成：本地YUM源 + FTP服务器
这里使用自定义源yum-custom（见上面） + VSFTP演示。
下载vsftpd
[root@min-base ~]# yum -y install vsftpd
配置vsftpd
编辑vsftp.conf
[root@min-base ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
并增加匿名用户root目录（默认已经启用匿名访问）
anon_root=/yum/
注意目录权限如下
[root@min-base ~]# ll -a /yum/total 8drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 37 Dec 20 07:37 .dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 4096 Dec 20 06:32 ..drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 36 Dec 20 07:08 yum-customdr-xr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Dec 10 2015 yum-iso
** 关闭selinux**
临时
[root@min-base ~]# setenforce 0
或者，永久：
编辑config
[root@min-base ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
设置
SELINUX=disabled
重启
[root@min-base ~]# reboot
启用vsftp
[root@min-base ~]# systemctl start vsftpd
[root@min-base ~]# systemctl enable vsftpdCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vsftpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service.[root@min-base ~]#
局域网使用
局域网另外一台机器min-client，
配置repo
编辑repo
[root@min-client ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo
内容如下
[c7-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=ftp://192.168.118.133/yum-custom
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
其中192.168.118.133为上面vsftp服务器地址
启用这个局域网的repo
[root@min-client ~]# yum clean allLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorCleaning repos: c7-mediaCleaning up everything
[root@min-client ~]# yum makecacheLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorc7-media | 3.0 kB 00:00(1/3): c7-media/filelists_db | 880 B 00:00(2/3): c7-media/other_db | 1.3 kB 00:00(3/3): c7-media/primary_db | 1.8 kB 00:00Determining fastest mirrorsMetadata Cache Created
[root@min-client ~]#
使用
[root@min-base ~]# yum -y install treeLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfileResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency Resolution