4月份，看了沈南鹏和苏世民的直播对话之后，买了苏世民出的一本新书《我的经验与教训》。
苏世民（Stephen A. Schwarzman），全球私募巨头黑石集团联合创始人、董事会主席、首席执行官。
黑石创立于1985年，晚了10年，但到2020年初，管理资金规模已经高达5500亿美元。从投资业绩看，黑石在过去30多年中，年平均回报率高达30%以上。
目前，黑石集团是全球最大的私募基金巨头，被称为华尔街的“私募之王”，而苏世民就是“私募界的巴菲特”。他的创业经历，当然值得我们了解。
苏世民开玩笑说，这本自传的成本，高达15亿美元。这是为啥呢？他说，他花了两年时间亲自撰写这本书，基本上没怎么管公司的事情，而他在黑石领的年薪是7~8亿美元。这样算下来，这本书绝对是有史以来最贵的一本自传。
2013年，苏世民以个人名义向清华大学捐款1亿美金，创建了“清华大学苏世民书院”，资助全球的优秀学生来清华大学留学，促进世界对中国的了解，黑石集团和中国颇有些渊源。
以下摘自本书序言，25条工作和生活原则
- It’s as easy to do something big as it is to do something small, so reach for a fantasy worthy of your pursuit, with rewards commensurate to your effort.
做大事和做小事的难易程度是一样的。所以要选择一个值得追求的宏伟目标，让回报与你的努力相匹配。
- The best executives are made, not born. They never stop learning. Study the people and organizations in your life that have had enormous success. They offer a free course from the real world to help you improve.
最优秀的高管不是天生的，而是后天磨砺的结果。他们好学不倦，永无止境。要善于研究你生活中取得巨大成功的人和组织，他们能够提供关于如何在现实世界获得成功的免费教程，可以帮助你进行自我提升。
- Write or call the people you admire, and ask for advice or a meeting. You never know who will be willing to meet with you. You may end up learning something important or form a connection you can leverage for the rest of your life. Meeting people early in life creates an unusual bond.
给你敬佩的人写信或打电话，请他们提供建议或与其会面的机会。你永远不知道谁愿意跟你见面。最后你会从这些人身上学到很多重要的东西，建立你在余生都可以享用的人际关系。在生命早期结交的人，会与你缔结非同寻常的感情纽带。
- There is nothing more interesting to people than their own problems. Think about what others are dealing with, and try to come up with ideas to help them. Almost anyone, however senior or important, is receptive to good ideas provided you are thoughtful.
人们总觉得最有意思的话题就是与自己相关的话题。所以，要善于分析他人的问题所在，并尝试提出办法来帮助他人。几乎所有的人，无论他声名多么显赫、地位多么高贵，都愿意接受新的想法，当然，前提是这些想法必须经过深思熟虑。
- Every business is a closed, integrated system with a set of distinct but interrelated parts. Great managers understand how each part works on its own and in relation to all the others.
每个企业都是一个封闭的集成系统，内部各个组成部分性能独特却又相互关联。优秀的管理者既洞悉每个部分如何独立运行，也熟知各部分之间如何相互协作。
- Information is the most important asset in business. The more you know, the more perspectives you have, and the more likely you are to spot patterns and anomalies before your competition. So always be open to new inputs, whether they are people, experiences, or knowledge.
信息是最重要的商业资产。掌握得越多，拥有的视角就越多，在竞争对手面前就越有可能发现常规模式和异常现象。所以要始终对进入企业的新鲜事物保持开放的态度，无论是新的人、新的经验，还是新的知识。
- When you’re young, only take a job that provides you with a steep learning curve and strong training. First jobs are foundational. Don’t take a job just because it seems prestigious.
在年轻的时候，请接受能为自己提供陡峭的学习曲线和艰苦的磨炼机会的工作。最初的工作是为人生打基础的，不要为了暂时的声望而轻易地接受一份工作。
- When presenting yourself, remember that impressions matter. The whole picture has to be right. Others will be watching for all sorts of clues and cues that tell who you are. Be on time. Be authentic. Be prepared.
在展示自己时，请记住，印象非常重要。整体形象必须毫无瑕疵。其他人会通过各种线索和端倪，判断你的真实面貌。所以，要重诺守时，要真实诚信，要准备充分。
- No one person, however smart, can solve every problem. But an army of smart people talking openly with one another will.
再聪明的人也不能解决所有问题。聪明人组成的开诚布公的团队却可以无往而不利。
- People in a tough spot often focus on their own problems, when the answer usually lies in fixing someone else’s.
处于困境中的人往往只关注自己的问题，而解决问题的途径通常在于你如何解决别人的问题。
- Believe in something greater than yourself and your personal needs. It can be your company, your country, or a duty for service. Any challenge you tackle that is inspired by your beliefs and core values will be worth it, regardless of whether you succeed or fail.
一个人的信念必须超越自我和个人需求，它可以是自己的公司、祖国或服役义务。任何因信念和核心价值观的激励而选择的挑战都是值得的，无论最终的结果是成功还是失败。
- Never deviate from your sense of right and wrong. Your integrity must be unquestionable. It is easy to do what’s right when you don’t have to write a check or suffer any consequences. It’s harder when you have to give something up. Always do what you say you will, and never mislead anyone for your own advantage.
永远要黑白分明、百折不回。你的诚信必须要毋庸置疑。当一个人不需要付出代价或承担后果的时候，坚持做正确的事情并非难事。但当必须得放弃一些东西时，你就很难保持信用记录。要始终言而有信，不要为了自己的利益误导任何人。
- Be bold. Successful entrepreneurs, managers, and individuals have the confidence and courage to act when the moment seems right. They accept risk when others are cautious and take action when everyone else is frozen, but they do so smartly. This trait is the mark of a leader.
要勇往直前。成功的企业家、经理和个人都是具有志在必得的气魄和一往无前的精神的人。他们会在恰当的时刻当仁不让。当其他人谨小慎微时，他们会接受风险；当其他人瞻前顾后时，他们会采取行动，但他们会选择明智的做法。这种特质是领导者的标志。
- Never get complacent. Nothing is forever. Whether it is an individual or a business, your competition will defeat you if you are not constantly seeking ways to reinvent and improve yourself. Organizations, especially, are more fragile than you think.
永远不要骄傲自满。没有什么是一成不变的。无论是个人还是企业，如果不经常寻求自我重塑和自我改进的方法，就会被竞争对手打败。尤其是组织，因为组织比想象中更脆弱。
- Sales rarely get made on the first pitch. Just because you believe in something doesn’t mean everyone else will. You need to be able to sell your vision with conviction over and over again. Most people don’t like change, so you need to be able to convince them why they should accept it. Don’t be afraid to ask for what you want.
极少有人能在首次推介中完成销售。仅仅因为你对一些事物有信念，并不意味着其他人也愿意接受。你需要能够一次又一次坚定地推销你的愿景。大多数人不喜欢改变，所以你需要说服他们为什么要接受改变。不要因为畏惧而不去争取自己想得到的东西。
- If you see a huge, transformative opportunity, don’t worry that no one else is pursuing it. You might be seeing something others don’t. The harder the problem is, the more limited the competition, and the greater the reward for whomever can solve it.
如果你看到一个巨大的变革性机会，不要疑虑其他人为什么没有采取行动。你可能看到了他人没有看到的东西。问题越严峻，竞争就越有限，对问题解决者的回报就越大。
- Success comes down to rare moments of opportunity. Be open, alert, and ready to seize them. Gather the right people and resources; then commit. If you’re not prepared to apply that kind of effort, either the opportunity isn’t as compelling as you think or you are not the right person to pursue it.
归根到底，成功就是抓住了寥寥可数的机遇。要始终保持开放的思维，冷静观察，高度警觉，随时准备抓住机会。要统筹合适的人力和其他资源，然后全力以赴。如果你没有准备好拼尽全力，要么是因为这个机会没有你想象的那么有吸引力，要么是因为你不是把握这一机遇的合适人选。
- Time wounds all deals, sometimes even fatally. Often the longer you wait, the more surprises await you. In tough negotiations especially, keep everyone at the table long enough to reach an agreement.
时间会对所有交易造成负面影响，有时甚至产生致命影响。一般情况下，等待的时间越久，意料之外的事情就越多。特别是在艰难的谈判中，要让所有人都在谈判桌上协商足够长的时间，以此达成协议。
- Don’t lose money!!! Objectively assess the risks of every opportunity.
不要赔钱！！！客观地评估每个机会的风险。
- Make decisions when you are ready, not under pressure. Others will always push you to make a decision for their own purposes, internal politics, or some other external need. But you can almost always say, “I think I need a little more time to think about this. I’ll get back to you.” This tactic is very effective at defusing even the most difficult and uncomfortable situations.
要在准备好时做出决定，而不是在压力之下。或为了达到个人目的，或因为内部政治斗争，或因为一些外部需求，其他人总会催促你做出决策。但几乎每次你都可以这么说：“我需要更多的时间来考虑这个问题。我想清楚了再回复你。”即使是在最艰难、最令人不快的情况下，这种策略也非常有效。
- Worrying is an active, liberating activity. If channeled appropriately, it allows you to articulate the downside in any situation and drives you to take action to avoid it.
忧虑是一种积极的心理活动，可以开阔人的思路。如果能正确引导这一情绪，你就可以洞察任何形势下的负面风险，并采取行动规避这些风险。
- Failure is the best teacher in an organization. Talk about failures openly and objectively. Analyze what went wrong. You will learn new rules for decision making and organizational behavior. If evaluated well, failures have the potential to change the course of any organization and make it more successful in the future.
失败是一个组织最好的老师。开诚布公地客观谈论失败，分析问题所在，你就会从失败中学到关于决策和组织行为的新规则。如果评估得当，失败就有可能改变一个组织的进程，使其在未来更加成功。
- Hire 10s whenever you can. They are proactive about sensing problems, designing solutions, and taking a business in new directions. They also attract and hire other 10s. You can always build something around a 10.
尽可能雇用10分人才，因为他们会积极主动地感知问题、设计解决方案，并朝着新方向开展业务。他们还会吸引和雇用其他10分人才。10分人才做什么事都会得心应手。
- Be there for the people you know to be good, even when everyone else is walking away. Anyone can end up in a tough situation. A random act of kindness in someone’s time of need can change the course of a life and create an unexpected friendship or loyalty.
如果你认为一个人的本质是好的，就要随时为这个人提供帮助，即使其他人都离他而去。任何人都可能陷入困境。在别人需要的时候，一个偶然的善意行为就会改变他的生命轨迹，造就意想不到的友谊或忠诚。
- Everyone has dreams. Do what you can to help others achieve theirs.
每个人都有梦想。尽你所能帮助别人实现他们的目标。
最后，不妨打开这本书，花点时间读一读。
