Spatial proteomics has the potential to significantly advance our understanding of biology, physiology and medicine.空间蛋白质组学有可能显着提高我们对生物学、生理学和医学的理解。
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a powerful tool in the spatial proteomics field, enabling direct detection and registration of protein abundance and distribution across tissues.基质辅助激光解吸/电离质谱成像 (MALDI-MSI) 是空间蛋白质组学领域的强大工具，可以直接检测和登记蛋白质丰度和组织分布。
MALDI-MSI preserves spatial distribution and histology allowing unbiased analysis of complex, heterogeneous tissues. MALDI-MSI 保留了空间分布和组织学，允许对复杂的异质组织进行无偏见的分析。
However, MALDI-MSI faces the challenge of simultaneous peptide quantification and identification. To overcome this, we develop and validate HIT-MAP (Highresolution Informatics Toolbox in MALDI-MSI Proteomics), an open-source bioinformatics workflow using peptide mass fingerprint analysis and a dual scoring system to computationally assign peptide and protein annotations to high mass resolution MSI datasets and generate customisable spatial distribution maps. 然而，MALDI-MSI 面临着同时进行肽定量和鉴定的挑战。为了克服这个问题，我们开发并验证了 HIT-MAP（MALDI-MSI 蛋白质组学中的高分辨率信息学工具箱），这是一种开源生物信息学工作流程，使用肽质量指纹分析和双评分系统以计算方式将肽和蛋白质注释分配给高分辨率 MSI数据集并生成可定制的空间分布图。
HIT-MAP will be a valuable resource for the spatial proteomics community for analysing newly generated and retrospective datasets,HIT-MAP 将成为空间蛋白质组学界分析新生成和回顾性数据集的宝贵资源，
enabling robust peptide and protein annotation and visualisation in a wide array of normal and disease contexts.在广泛的正常和疾病背景下实现强大的肽和蛋白质注释和可视化。
However, an issue faced in retaining this crucial spatial information,然而，在保留这一关键空间信息方面面临的一个问题，
is that MALDI–MSI encounters a technical limitation associated with determining peptide identity.是 MALDI-MSI 遇到与确定肽身份相关的技术限制。
At present, identification and quantification of peptides are mutually exclusive, primarily due to the typically low amounts of each peptide within a given imaging coordinate.目前，肽的识别和定量是相互排斥的，主要是由于在给定的成像坐标内每种肽的含量通常很低。
Unlike tandem LC–MS (LC–MS/MS), which fosters high-throughput simultaneous sequencing and identification of enzymatically cleaved and fragmented peptide solutions, current MALDI hardware does not possess such capabilities.与串联 LC-MS (LC-MS/MS) 不同，串联 LC-MS (LC-MS/MS) 可促进酶促裂解和片段化肽溶液的高通量同步测序和鉴定，目前的 MALDI 硬件不具备此类功能。
Even with the arrival of laser capture microdissection16 and single-cell LC–MS approaches17, it is still not possible to map individual peptide and protein profiles back to whole tissues and organs at the single-cell level given the need to dissociate tissues.即使激光捕获显微切割 16 和单细胞 LC-MS 方法 17 的到来，鉴于需要分离组织，仍然无法在单细胞水平将单个肽和蛋白质谱映射回整个组织和器官。
Furthermore, single-cell LC–MS is not able to map extracellular protein distributions, such as the matrisome18, reinforcing the need for unbiased global in situ proteomic platforms such as MALDI–MSI.此外，单细胞 LC-MS 无法绘制细胞外蛋白质分布图，例如基质体 18，这加强了对无偏全球原位蛋白质组学平台（例如 MALDI-MSI）的需求。
