更换apt-get源

首先备份系统自带的源

mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

打开sources.list文件

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

在里面加入阿里云的源

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner

deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

更新源

apt-get update

这一步是更新上面列出的源地址，从而能获取最新的软件包

apt-get upgrade

这一步是升级已安装的所有软件包，所以这一步需要在apt-get update之后执行。

更换pip源

创建pip文件夹并打开

mkdir ~/.pip

vim ~/.pip/pip.conf

按 i 输入以下信息

[global]

index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

[install]

trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com

然后按Esc，再按:wq退出即可

除了阿里云的源，还可以替换为下面的源：

清华：https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

中国科技大学 https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

豆瓣：http://pypi.douban.com/simple/