外键示例
搞个例子，简单演示一下使用，做dage和xiaodi两个表，大哥表是主键，小弟表是外键：
CREATE TABLE `dage` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`name` varchar(32) default '',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1；
CREATE TABLE `xiaodi` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`dage_id` int(11) default NULL,
`name` varchar(32) default '',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `dage_id` (`dage_id`),
CONSTRAINT `xiaodi_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`dage_id`) REFERENCES `dage` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1；
插入个大哥：
mysql> insert into dage(name) values('铜锣湾');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from dage;
+----+--------+
| id | name |
+----+--------+
| 1 | 铜锣湾 |
+----+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
插入个小弟：
mysql> insert into xiaodi(dage_id,name) values(1,'铜锣湾_小弟A');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> select * from xiaodi;
+----+---------+--------------+
| id | dage_id | name |
+----+---------+--------------+
| 1 | 1 | 铜锣湾_小弟A |
+----+---------+--------------+
把大哥删除：
mysql> delete from dage where id=1;
ERROR 1451 (23000): Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (`bstar/xiaodi`, CONSTRAINT `xiaodi_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`dage_id`) REFERENCES `dage` (`id`))
提示：不行呀，有约束的，大哥下面还有小弟，可不能扔下我们不管呀！
插入一个新的小弟：
mysql> insert into xiaodi(dage_id,name) values(2,'旺角_小弟A');
ERROR 1452 (23000): Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`bstar/xiaodi`, CONSTRAINT `xiaodi_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`dage_id`) REFERENCES `dage` (`id`))
提示：小子，想造反呀！你还没大哥呢！
把外键约束增加事件触发限制：
mysql> show create table xiaodi;
CONSTRAINT `xiaodi_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`dage_id`) REFERENCES `dage` (`id`)
mysql> alter table xiaodi drop foreign key xiaodi_ibfk_1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings:
mysql> alter table xiaodi add foreign key(dage_id) references dage(id) on delete cascade on update cascade;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
再次试着把大哥删了：
mysql> delete from dage where id=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from dage;
Empty set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from xiaodi;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
得，这回对应的小弟也没了，没办法，谁让你跟我on delete cascade了呢！
