1 概述
2 Spring Boot配置入口
3 BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor
事务AOP实现
1 概述
首先要先了解,Spring在通过@Transactional
注解创建事务也是通过AOP实现的,具体的AOP创建入口,可以阅读笔者文章Spring Boot源码-Spring AOP创建代理的入口(但是在该文章只介绍了AOP的入口,没有介绍其具体实现)。通过该文章我们可以知道,Spring是通过BeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization
创建动态代理实现切面的。AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator
是检测是否需要创建AOP织入的关键类。在实例化一个Bean时,其通过在容器中查找是否有能够使用在该bean相关方法上的Advisor来实现织入。
好了,理解了上面AOP的大概创建过程,后面再看注解@Transactional
的实现就比较简单了。
2 Spring Boot配置入口
Spring Boot自动配置如何实现的就不再具体介绍了,首先我们可以在spring.factories文件中看到事务自动配置相关类TransactionAutoConfiguration
,但是我们看其源码可以知道其类上有一个注解@ConditionalOnClass(PlatformTransactionManager.class)
,也就是说TransactionAutoConfiguration
依赖PlatformTransactionManager
,所以在启用事务时必须引入数据库相关的jar包。
下面我们看TransactionAutoConfiguration
的嵌套内部类EnableTransactionManagementConfiguration
,Spring在处理@Configuration
注解的配置类时也会同步处理其所有内部类,通过源码可知EnableTransactionManagementConfiguration
的生效要求存在PlatformTransactionManager.class
类型的bean,PlatformTransactionManager.class
类型的bean是在何时加入到容器中的呢?我们可以通过在TransactionAutoConfiguration
源码上找到答案,TransactionAutoConfiguration
类定义处有如下注解:
@AutoConfigureAfter({ JtaAutoConfiguration.class, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class,
DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.class, Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration.class })
我们这里看下DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.class
,通过搜索可以知道DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration
也在spring.factories文件中,所以也会被注册到容器中,DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration
源码比较简单,就是向容器中注册了DataSourceTransactionManager
,DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration
依赖的DateSource
是通过spring.factories文件中的DataSourceAutoConfiguration
注册到容器中的。
现在我们再回来看TransactionAutoConfiguration
的嵌套内部类EnableTransactionManagementConfiguration
,EnableTransactionManagementConfiguration
的两个内部类JdkDynamicAutoProxyConfiguration
和CglibAutoProxyConfiguration
都使用类注解EnableTransactionManagement
,而注解EnableTransactionManagement
则使用了@Import(TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector.class)
,@Import
注解的原理这里不具体介绍,这也是Spring Boot自动配置的关键。TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector
则通过selectImports
方法引入了配置AutoProxyRegistrar
和ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration
,AutoProxyRegistrar
主要是保证如果容器中没有相关AOP增强类存在时,引入一个AOP增强类,为后面使用AOP实现事务作准备。ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration
就像容器注册了事务的关键实现类BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor
、TransactionAttributeSource
以及TransactionInterceptor
。
3 BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor
事务AOP实现
BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor
就是查看方法是否存在@Transactional
注解并决定是否创建事务的实现所在。BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor.pointcut
实现如下:
//BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor
private final TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut pointcut = new TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut() {
@Override
@Nullable
protected TransactionAttributeSource getTransactionAttributeSource() {
//这里使用的是匿名内部类,所以返回的
//transactionAttributeSource是
//BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor
//的域AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource
return transactionAttributeSource;
}
};
好了,在决定相关bean要不要采用事务控制时,我们看下上面源码中匿名类的父类TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut.matches
方法实现:
//TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut
@Override
public boolean matches(Method method, Class<?> targetClass) {
//首先过滤一些框架内部使用的类
if (TransactionalProxy.class.isAssignableFrom(targetClass) ||
PlatformTransactionManager.class.isAssignableFrom(targetClass) ||
PersistenceExceptionTranslator.class.isAssignableFrom(targetClass)) {
return false;
}
//这个上面介绍过,返回的是
//BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor
//的域AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource
TransactionAttributeSource tas = getTransactionAttributeSource();
//因为tas为AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource,所以这里
//通过tas.getTransactionAttribute查看该方法是否有事务相关注解
//如果有的话,就需要通过AOP进行事务处理
return (tas == null || tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) != null);
}
下面我们看AnnotationTransactionAttributeSourcegetTransactionAttribute
实现,该方法在AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource
父类AbstractFallbackTransactionAttributeSource
实现如下:
public TransactionAttribute getTransactionAttribute(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) {
if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) {
return null;
}
//首先查看缓存是否存在,避免重复解析事务元数据
// First, see if we have a cached value.
Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(method, targetClass);
TransactionAttribute cached = this.attributeCache.get(cacheKey);
if (cached != null) {
// Value will either be canonical value indicating there is no transaction attribute,
// or an actual transaction attribute.
if (cached == NULL_TRANSACTION_ATTRIBUTE) {
return null;
}
else {
return cached;
}
}
else {
// We need to work it out.
//尝试从方法中获取事务相关配置元数据
TransactionAttribute txAttr = computeTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass);
//解析完之后放到缓存里
// Put it in the cache.
if (txAttr == null) {
this.attributeCache.put(cacheKey, NULL_TRANSACTION_ATTRIBUTE);
}
else {
String methodIdentification = ClassUtils.getQualifiedMethodName(method, targetClass);
if (txAttr instanceof DefaultTransactionAttribute) {
((DefaultTransactionAttribute) txAttr).setDescriptor(methodIdentification);
}
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Adding transactional method '" + methodIdentification + "' with attribute: " + txAttr);
}
this.attributeCache.put(cacheKey, txAttr);
}
return txAttr;
}
}
//根据不同的TransactionAttributeSource实现从不同的配置
//中读取元数据,这里因为采用注解,所有从注解中读取事务配置
//子类则通过重写findTransactionAttribute(Class<?> clazz)
//以及findTransactionAttribute(Method method)方法提供从不同的
//配置方式中读取事务
protected TransactionAttribute computeTransactionAttribute(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) {
// Don't allow no-public methods as required.
if (allowPublicMethodsOnly() && !Modifier.isPublic(method.getModifiers())) {
return null;
}
// The method may be on an interface, but we need attributes from the target class.
// If the target class is null, the method will be unchanged.
Method specificMethod = AopUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(method, targetClass);
// First try is the method in the target class.
TransactionAttribute txAttr = findTransactionAttribute(specificMethod);
if (txAttr != null) {
return txAttr;
}
// Second try is the transaction attribute on the target class.
txAttr = findTransactionAttribute(specificMethod.getDeclaringClass());
if (txAttr != null && ClassUtils.isUserLevelMethod(method)) {
return txAttr;
}
if (specificMethod != method) {
// Fallback is to look at the original method.
txAttr = findTransactionAttribute(method);
if (txAttr != null) {
return txAttr;
}
// Last fallback is the class of the original method.
txAttr = findTransactionAttribute(method.getDeclaringClass());
if (txAttr != null && ClassUtils.isUserLevelMethod(method)) {
return txAttr;
}
}
return null;
}
下面我们看AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource.findTransactionAttribute(Class<?> clazz)
以及AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource.findTransactionAttribute(Method method)
方法实现,其实这两个方法都调用了determineTransactionAttribute(AnnotatedElement element)
方法:
//AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource
@Override
@Nullable
protected TransactionAttribute findTransactionAttribute(Class<?> clazz) {
return determineTransactionAttribute(clazz);
}
@Override
@Nullable
protected TransactionAttribute findTransactionAttribute(Method method) {
return determineTransactionAttribute(method);
}
//determineTransactionAttribute则通过注册的一系列
//TransactionAnnotationParser从类或者方法注解中解析
//事务配置
@Nullable
protected TransactionAttribute determineTransactionAttribute(AnnotatedElement element) {
for (TransactionAnnotationParser annotationParser : this.annotationParsers) {
TransactionAttribute attr = annotationParser.parseTransactionAnnotation(element);
if (attr != null) {
return attr;
}
}
return null;
}
//在AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource构造函数中,
//根据检测环境中的是否存在相关jpa实现的类,注册了相关的
//TransactionAnnotationParser
public AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource(boolean publicMethodsOnly) {
this.publicMethodsOnly = publicMethodsOnly;
if (jta12Present || ejb3Present) {
this.annotationParsers = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);
this.annotationParsers.add(new SpringTransactionAnnotationParser());
if (jta12Present) {
this.annotationParsers.add(new JtaTransactionAnnotationParser());
}
if (ejb3Present) {
this.annotationParsers.add(new Ejb3TransactionAnnotationParser());
}
}
else {
this.annotationParsers = Collections.singleton(new SpringTransactionAnnotationParser());
}
}
下面我们看默认的SpringTransactionAnnotationParser
是如何完成事务配置解析的:
//SpringTransactionAnnotationParser
//到这里终于看到了熟悉的Transactional注解,下面过程就不再介绍了,
//主要就是读取Transactional注解中的关于事务的配置
public TransactionAttribute parseTransactionAnnotation(AnnotatedElement element) {
AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotatedElementUtils.findMergedAnnotationAttributes(
element, Transactional.class, false, false);
if (attributes != null) {
return parseTransactionAnnotation(attributes);
}
else {
return null;
}
}