实验目的
- 理解四种数据库(MySQL,HBase,Redis,MongoDB)的概念以及不同点。
- 熟练使用四种数据库操作常用的Shell命令。
- 熟悉四种数据库操作常用的Java API。
实验平台
- 操作系统:Ubuntu-16.04
- Hadoop版本:2.6.0
- JDK版本:1.8
- IDE:Eclipse
- HBase版本:1.2.3
- MySQL版本:5.7.16
- MongoDB版本:2.6.10
- Redis:版本:3.0.6
- IDE:Eclipse
数据库的安装
-
MySQL的安装
更新APT
sudo apt-get update
打开终端,安装mysql-server
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
-
输入密码
安装mysql-client
sudo apt-get install mysql-client
安装libmysqlclient-dev
sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
测试是否安装成功
sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql
通过上述命令检查之后,如果看到有mysql 的socket处于 listen 状态则表示安装成功。-
Redis的安装
安装redis-server
sudo apt-get install redis-server
测试是否安装成功
sudo netstat -tap|grep redis
-
MongoDB的安装
安装mongodb-server
sudo apt-get install mongodb-server
测试是否安装成功
sudo netstat -tap|grep mongod
-
HBase已经安装过了(详见http://www.jianshu.com/p/9ac6a4878b07)
实验内容和要求
一,MySQL数据库操作:
<div align = center>student学生表 </div>
name | English | Math | Computer |
---|---|---|---|
zhangsan | 69 | 86 | 77 |
lisi | 55 | 100 | 88 |
-
根据上面给出的表格,利用MySQL设计出student学生表格。
- 登陆MySQL(退出指令为
quit
)
mysql -u root -p
- 创建数据库
create database test;
- 使用数据库
use test;
- 创建student表
create table student(
name varchar(30) not null,
English tinyint unsigned not null,
Math tinyint unsigned not null,
Computer tinyint unsigned not null
);
- 初始化数据
insert into student values("zhangsan",69,86,77);
insert into student values("lisi",55,100,88);
- 查看student表
select * from student;
- 查看zhangsan的Computer成绩
select name , Computer from student where name = "zhangsan";
- 修改lisi的Math成绩,改为95
update student set Math=95 where name="lisi";
-
根据上面已经设计出的student表,通过JDBC操作MySQL
-
添加数据:Name:scofield English:45 Math:89 Computer:100
Eclipse的使用
1. 找到 File 菜单,选择 New -> Java Project
1. 输入 Project name,然后Finish
1. 点开项目,找到 src 文件夹,右键选择 New -> Class
1. 输入 Package 和 Name,然后Finish
1. 将jar包从主机拉到虚拟机中的Home
1. 右键工程,选择 Properties ,然后在工程中导入外部jar包
1. 写好Java代码(填上密码),右键选择 Run As -> Java Application,就可以在Console里看到结果了
JAVA代码:
package com.mysql;
import java.sql.*;
public class MysqlTest {
static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
static final String DB = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false";
static final String USER = "root";
static final String PASSWD = "";
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
try {
Class.forName(DRIVER);
System.out.println("Connecting to a selected database...");
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB, USER, PASSWD);
stmt = conn.createStatement();
String sql = "insert into student values('scofield',45,89,100)";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("Inserting records into the table successfully!");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (stmt != null)
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (conn != null)
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
1. 插入数据之后,MySQL客户度查询结果如下
-
获取scofield的English成绩信息
JAVA代码:
package com.mysql;
import java.sql.*;
public class MysqlTest2 {
static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
static final String DB = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false";
static final String USER = "root";
static final String PASSWD = "0822";
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
Class.forName(DRIVER);
System.out.println("Connecting to a selected database...");
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB, USER, PASSWD);
stmt = conn.createStatement();
String sql = "select name,English from student where name='scofield' ";
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
System.out.println("name" + "\t\t" + "English");
while (rs.next()) {
System.out.print(rs.getString(1) + "\t\t");
System.out.println(rs.getInt(2));
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (rs != null)
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
if (stmt != null)
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (conn != null)
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
Eclipse控制台输出如下:
二,HBase数据库操作:
<div align = center>student学生表 </div>
name | score:English | score:Math | score:Computer |
---|---|---|---|
zhangsan | 69 | 86 | 77 |
lisi | 55 | 100 | 88 |
-
根据上面给出的表格,用Hbase Shell模式设计student学生表格。
- 启动 Hadoop
- 进入 Hadoop 主文件夹
cd /usr/local/hadoop/
- 开启 Hadoop 相关进程
sbin/start-dfs.sh
sbin/start-yarn.sh
- 进入 Hadoop 主文件夹
- 启动 HBase
- 进入HBase主文件夹
cd /usr/local/hbase/
- 开启HBase相关进程
bin/start-hbase.sh
- 进入HBase主文件夹
- 进入 Hbase Shell(退出指令为
quit
)
-
创建表student表
- 初始化student表
put 'student','zhangsan','score:English','69'
put 'student','zhangsan','score:Math','86'
put 'student','zhangsan','score:Computer','77'
put 'student','lisi','score:English','55'
put 'student','lisi','score:Math','100'
put 'student','lisi','score:Computer','88'
- 查看student表
scan 'student'
- 查询zhangsan 的Computer成绩
get 'student','zhangsan','score:Computer'
- 修改lisi的Math成绩,改为95
put 'student','lisi','score:Math','95'
-
根据上面已经设计出的student表,用Hbase API操作MySQL
-
添加数据:Name:scofield English:45 Math:89 Computer:100
-
点开项目,找到 src 文件夹,右键选择 New -> Class
-
输入 Package 和 Name,然后Finish
-
右键工程,选择 Properties ,然后在工程中导入外部jar包
JAVA代码:
-
package com.hbase;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
public class HbaseTest {
public static Configuration configuration;
public static Connection connection;
public static Admin admin;
public static void main(String[] args) {
configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
try {
connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
admin = connection.getAdmin();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
insertRow("student", "scofield", "score", "English", "45");
insertRow("student", "scofield", "score", "Math", "89");
insertRow("student", "scofield", "score", "Computer", "100");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
close();
}
public static void insertRow(String tableName, String rowKey,
String colFamily, String col, String val) throws IOException {
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
table.put(put);
table.close();
}
public static void close() {
try {
if (admin != null) {
admin.close();
}
if (null != connection) {
connection.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
1. 插入数据之后,HBase Shell查询结果如下
-
获取scofield的English成绩信息
JAVA代码:
package com.hbase;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
public class HbaseTest2 {
public static Configuration configuration;
public static Connection connection;
public static Admin admin;
public static void main(String[] args) {
configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
try {
connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
admin = connection.getAdmin();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
getData("student", "scofield", "score", "English");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
close();
}
public static void getData(String tableName, String rowKey,
String colFamily, String col) throws IOException {
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
get.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes());
Result result = table.get(get);
showCell(result);
table.close();
}
public static void showCell(Result result) {
Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
for (Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println("RowName:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell))
+ " ");
System.out.println("Timetamp:" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
System.out.println("column Family:"
+ new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
System.out.println("row Name:"
+ new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
System.out.println("value:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell))
+ " ");
}
}
public static void close() {
try {
if (admin != null) {
admin.close();
}
if (null != connection) {
connection.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Eclipse控制台输出如下:
三,Redis数据库操作:
student 键值对:
zhangsan:{
English: 69
Math: 86
Computer: 77
}
lisi:{
English: 55
Math: 100
Computer: 88
}
-
根据上面给出的键值对,利用哈希结构设计出上述表格。(键值可以用student.zhangsan,student.lisi来表示两个键值属于同一个表格)
- 启动Redis客户端(退出指令为
quit
)
redis-cli
- 设计上述表格
hset student.zhangsan English 69
hset student.zhangsan Math 86
hset student.zhangsan Computer 77
hset student.lisi English 55
hset student.lisi Math 100
hset student.lisi Computer 88
- 输出zhangsan和lisi的信息
hgetall student.zhangsan
hgetall student.lisi
- 查看zhangsan的Computer成绩
hget student.zhangsan Computer
- 修改lisi的Math成绩,改为95
hset student.lisi Math 95
-
根据上面已经设计出的student表,通过jedis操作Redis
-
添加数据:
scofield:{
English: 45
Math: 89
Computer: 100
}
1. 点开项目,找到 src 文件夹,右键选择 New -> Class
1. 输入 Package 和 Name,然后Finish
1. 将jar包从主机拉到虚拟机中的Home
1. 右键工程,选择 Properties ,然后在工程中导入外部jar包
JAVA代码:
package com.redis;
import java.util.Map;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
public class RedisTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Jedis jedis = new Jedis("localhost");
jedis.hset("student.scofield", "English", "45");
jedis.hset("student.scofield", "Math", "89");
jedis.hset("student.scofield", "Computer", "100");
Map<String, String> value = jedis.hgetAll("student.scofield");
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : value.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + ":" + entry.getValue());
}
}
}
1. 插入数据之后,Redis客户度查询结果如下
-
获取scofield的English成绩信息
JAVA代码:
package com.redis;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
public class RedisTest2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Jedis jedis = new Jedis("localhost");
String value = jedis.hget("student.scofield", "English");
System.out.println("scofield's English score is: " + value);
}
}
Eclipse控制台输出如下:
四,MongoDB数据库操作:
student文档如下:
{
“name”: “zhangsan”,
“score”: {
“English”: 69,
“Math”: 86,
“Computer”: 77
}
}
{
“name”: “lisi”,
“score”: {
“English”: 55,
“Math”: 100,
“Computer”: 88
}
}
-
根据上面给出的文档,用Mongo shell设计出student集合
- 启动MongoDB客户端(退出指令为
quit();
)
mongo
- 创建student数据库,
use student
- 定义数组
var stus=[
{"name":"zhangsan","scores":{"English":69,"Math":86,"Computer":77}},
{"name":"lisi","score":{"English":55,"Math":100,"Computer":88}} ]
- 插入到数据库
db.student.insert(stus)
- 输出student的信息
db.student.find().pretty()
- 查询zhangsan 的所有成绩(只显示score列)
db.student.find({"name":"zhangsan"},{"_id":0,"name":0})
- 修改lisi的Math成绩,改为95
db.student.update({"name":"lisi"}, {"$set":{"score.Math":95}} )
-
根据上面已经设计出的student集合,通过JDBC操作MongoDB
-
添加数据:
English:45 Math:89 Computer:100
{
“name”: “scofield”,
“score”: {
“English”: 45,
“Math”: 89,
“Computer”: 100
}
}
1. 点开项目,找到 src 文件夹,右键选择 New -> Class
1. 输入 Package 和 Name,然后Finish
1. 将jar包从主机拉到虚拟机中的Home
1. 右键工程,选择 Properties ,然后在工程中导入外部jar包
JAVA代码:
package com.mongo;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.bson.Document;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
public class MongoTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);
MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("student");
MongoCollection<Document> collection = mongoDatabase
.getCollection("student");
Document document = new Document("name", "scofield").append(
"score",
new Document("English", 45).append("Math", 89).append(
"Computer", 100));
List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<Document>();
documents.add(document);
collection.insertMany(documents);
System.out.println("文档插入成功");
}
}
1. 插入数据之后,MongoDB客户度查询结果如下
-
获取scofield的English成绩信息
JAVA代码:
package com.mongo;
import org.bson.Document;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters;
import static com.mongodb.client.model.Filters.eq;
public class MongoTest2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MongoClient mongoClient=new MongoClient("localhost",27017);
MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("student");
MongoCollection<Document> collection = mongoDatabase.getCollection("student");
MongoCursor<Document> cursor=collection.find( new Document("name","scofield")).
projection(new Document("score",1).append("_id", 0)).iterator();
while(cursor.hasNext())
System.out.println(cursor.next().toJson());
}
}
Eclipse控制台输出如下: