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本文旨在帮助自己掌握vue的知识点,如有侵权,联系更改~
最近用vue2.0进行项目实战时,经常遇到需要在生命周期钩子函数里面执行一些自己的代码,举个栗子:
但是,有时候分不清楚应该将代码放在哪个生命周期中执行:
官网生命周期示意图
结合示意图,并在控制台中对每个函数console一个值出来,进一步理解vue的生命周期。
Lifecycle hooks
钩子 | 介绍 |
---|---|
beforeCreate | 组件实例刚刚被创建,组件属性计算之前,如data属性等 |
created | 组件实例创建完成,属性已绑定,但DOM还未生成,$el属性还不存在 |
beforeMount | 模板编译/挂载之前 |
mounted | 模板编译/挂载之后(不保证组件已在document中) |
beforeUpdate | 组件更新之前 |
updated | 组件更新之后 |
activeted | for keep-alive,组件被激活时用 |
deactived | for keep-alive,组件被移除时调用 |
beforeDestory | 组件销毁前调用 |
destoryed | 组件销毁后调用 |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://unpkg.com/vue"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<p>{{ message }}</p>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
message : "A test for us better to understand lifecycle hooks."
},
beforeCreate: function () {
console.group('beforeCreate 创建前状态===============》');
console.log("%c%s", "color:red" , "el : " + this.$el); //undefined
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","data : " + this.$data); //undefined
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","message: " + this.message)//undefined
},
created: function () {
console.group('created 创建完毕状态===============》');
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","el : " + this.$el); //undefined
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","data : " + this.$data); //已被初始化
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","message: " + this.message); //已被初始化
},
beforeMount: function () {
console.group('beforeMount 挂载前状态===============》');
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","el : " + (this.$el)); //已被初始化
console.log(this.$el);
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","data : " + this.$data); //已被初始化
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","message: " + this.message); //已被初始化
},
mounted: function () {
console.group('mounted 挂载结束状态===============》');
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","el : " + this.$el); //已被初始化
console.log(this.$el);
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","data : " + this.$data); //已被初始化
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","message: " + this.message); //已被初始化
},
beforeUpdate: function () {
console.group('beforeUpdate 更新前状态===============》');
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","el : " + this.$el);
console.log(this.$el);
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","data : " + this.$data);
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","message: " + this.message);
},
updated: function () {
console.group('updated 更新完成状态===============》');
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","el : " + this.$el);
console.log(this.$el);
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","data : " + this.$data);
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","message: " + this.message);
},
beforeDestroy: function () {
console.group('beforeDestroy 销毁前状态===============》');
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","el : " + this.$el);
console.log(this.$el);
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","data : " + this.$data);
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","message: " + this.message);
},
destroyed: function () {
console.group('destroyed 销毁完成状态===============》');
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","el : " + this.$el);
console.log(this.$el);
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","data : " + this.$data);
console.log("%c%s", "color:red","message: " + this.message)
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
控制台输出结果:
到这里,update相关钩子并未执行;根据vue官方示意图说明:when data changes,触发beforeUpdate钩子函数,然后Virtual DOM re-render and patch,触发updated钩子函数;
在chrome console里更改message的值:
app.message="modify the value";
接下来执行app.$destroy();
销毁完成后,再对值进行更改,vue不再响应,但是原来的dom结构仍然存在。
总结
关于钩子函数中执行的一些操作总结:
created:里面放请求比较好,这时候DOM还没开始渲染,数据请求回来一起渲染;
mounted:执行依赖DOM的一些操作,并配合vm.$nextTick使用;