Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries
本文利用国际癌症研究机构(International Agency for Research on cancer)编制的2020年全球癌症发病率和死亡率估计数，提供了全球癌症负担的最新情况。2020年，全球估计有1930万新癌症病例(不包括非黑素瘤皮肤癌的病例为1810万)和近1000万癌症死亡病例(不包括非黑素瘤皮肤癌的病例为990万)。
女性乳腺癌已经超过肺癌成为最常见的癌症，估计有230万新发病例(11.7%)，其次是肺癌(11.4%)、结肠直肠癌(10.0%)、前列腺癌(7.3%)和胃癌(5.6%)。
肺癌仍然是癌症死亡的主要原因，估计有180万人(18%)死亡，其次是结肠直肠癌(9.4%)、肝癌(8.3%)、胃癌(7.7%)和女性乳腺癌(6.9%)。总体发病率在转型期国家男女比转型期国家高2- 3倍，而死亡率男性为2倍，女性为很少。然而，与转型期国家相比，转型期国家的女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌死亡率要高得多(15.0比12.8 / 10万，12.4比5.2 / 10万)。
全球癌症负担预计将在2040年2840万例,比2020年增长了47%,与一个更大的转变增加(64%到95%)和转换(32%对56%)国家由于人口结构的变化,尽管这可能会进一步加剧了增加与全球化和经济增长的相关危险因素。努力建立可持续的基础设施，以便在转型期国家传播癌症预防措施和提供癌症护理，对全球癌症控制至关重要。
Hyuna Sung, Jacques Ferlay, Rebecca L Siegel, Mathieu Laversanne, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Ahmedin Jemal, Freddie Bray
CA: a Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2021 February 4
This article provides an update on the global cancer burden using the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Worldwide, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases (18.1 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths (9.9 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) occurred in 2020. Female breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases (11.7%), followed by lung (11.4%), colorectal (10.0 %), prostate (7.3%), and stomach (5.6%) cancers. Lung cancer remained the leading cause of cancer death, with an estimated 1.8 million deaths (18%), followed by colorectal (9.4%), liver (8.3%), stomach (7.7%), and female breast (6.9%) cancers. Overall incidence was from 2-fold to 3-fold higher in transitioned versus transitioning countries for both sexes, whereas mortality varied <2-fold for men and little for women. Death rates for female breast and cervical cancers, however, were considerably higher in transitioning versus transitioned countries (15.0 vs 12.8 per 100,000 and 12.4 vs 5.2 per 100,000, respectively). The global cancer burden is expected to be 28.4 million cases in 2040, a 47% rise from 2020, with a larger increase in transitioning (64% to 95%) versus transitioned (32% to 56%) countries due to demographic changes, although this may be further exacerbated by increasing risk factors associated with globalization and a growing economy. Efforts to build a sustainable infrastructure for the dissemination of cancer prevention measures and provision of cancer care in transitioning countries is critical for global cancer control.
