关于这个话题,网上有大量的文章;但是配置部分都讲得比较混乱,直接拷来并不能跑通。
本文以python和java分别作为服务端/客户端及其逆形式进行了演示,不求甚解,只求能用。
定义好thrift文件,作为C/S的契约[1]
xxx.thrift
注意:以下代码都是手动混淆过的,仅大致示意写法,不保证内容正确
namespace java com.x1.x2.x3.x4.x5.gen_java # 注意,如果是为java版本准备的,一定要写好package
struct MyStruct1{
1:string field1,
2:list<string> field2,
3:optional list<MyStruct1> field3, # 注意java不支持optinal,生成的代码中只有必选项
}
struct MyStruct2{
1:list<i16> data
}
service MyService{
void f1(1:MyStruct1 s1)
list<MyStruct2> f2(1:string field1, 2:MyStruct1 data)
}
将thrift文件分别编译成服务器端语言和客户端语言
注意:自动生成的python代码中,可能有class A依赖class B,而A的代码却写到了同一个文件中B的下方的情况;这可能是thrift的一个BUG,手动调整代码顺序即可
mkdir gen_py gen_java # 默认名字是用短横线分隔(gen-py),不符合python的包命名要求;手动改成下划线
thrift -r --gen py -out gen_py xxx.thrift
thrift -r --gen java -out ../../../../../../ xxx.thrift # 路径中有x1-x5,就要上6层
实现服务端逻辑
注意:
- gen_py和gen_java文件夹的内容最好别改动;它们都只是作为辅助类库使用的
- 服务器端要自己写一个Handler类去override指定的方法
- 客户端只要绑定到指定的端口上调用即可
python版服务器端
先用自己的类来继承IFace,实现各个接口
# thrift 相关的引用
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol
from thrift.server import TServer
from thrift.transport import TSocket, TTransport
# import ... # 逻辑相关的引用
class MyHandler(MyService.Iface):
def __init__(self):
transport = TSocket.TSocket('hostname', 8095) # 最好用IP,稳一点
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)
transport.open() # 注意这一行不能少
protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport)
# self.xxx = yyy 之类的初始化,省略 ...
def f1(self, arg1):
pass # ...
然后写一个server.py
来包裹handler并控制服务的起停
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol
from thrift.server import TServer
from thrift.transport import TSocket, TTransport
# sys.path.append('thrift/gen_py') # 可能需要把gen_py加到PYTHONPATH
# import ... # 逻辑相关的引用
def main():
handler = MyHandler()
processor = MyService.Processor(handler)
transport = TSocket.TServerSocket('10.1.x.x', 8081)
tfactory = TTransport.TBufferedTransportFactory()
pfactory = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocolFactory()
server = TServer.TThreadPoolServer(processor, transport, tfactory, pfactory)
logger.info('---------- starting xxx server over thrift...')
server.serve()
logger.info('---------- shutting down xxx server over thrift...')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
java版的服务器端
同理,先写个Handler类来覆盖相应的method
package com.xxx.xxx.xxx
// import ...
public class MyHandler implements MyService.Iface {
@Override
public synchronized void f1(MyStruct1 arg1) throws TException {
// ...
}
// ...
}
然后写个Server类来包裹Handler并控制服务的起停
package com.x.x.x.xxx
import ... // 逻辑相关的引用
import org.apache.thrift.server.TServer;
import org.apache.thrift.server.TSimpleServer;
import org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerSocket;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
public class MyServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TTransportException {
MyService.Processor processor = new MyService.Processor(new MyHandler());
TServerSocket serverTransport = new TServerSocket(new InetSocketAddress("1.2.3.4", 1234));
TServer server = new TSimpleServer(new TThreadPoolServer.Args(serverTransport).processor(processor));
System.out.println("Starting server...");
server.serve();
}
}
实现客户端逻辑
java版客户端
先把之前运行thrift -r --gen java ...
命令生成的gen_java
文件夹拷进来,作为一个package;
然后把Guava等其它各种类库写进maven/Gradle。
插一句:如果用到读写wav文件的功能,可以把wavFile相关的类库[2]下载了拷进来。
package com.xxx.yyy;
import org.apache.thrift.TException;
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport;
// import ...
public class App {
public void work(List<String> arg) {
try {
TTransport transport = new TSocket("1.2.3.4", 1234); // 注意两边都尽量用IP,比较稳一点
transport.open();
TProtocol protocol = new TBinaryProtocol(transport);
MyService.Client client = new MyService.Client(protocol);
// arg1 = ...
client.f1(arg);
// 多次调用 client.f2(...)
transport.close();
System.out.println("----- client done");
} catch (TException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} // 更多catch ...
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
App app = new App();
app.work(Lists.newArrayList("arm", "aunt", "autumn"));
}
}
python版的客户端写法
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol
from thrift.transport import TSocket, TTransport
# 可能需要将gen_py加到PYTHONPATH
# import 逻辑相关的模块 ...
def main():
transport = TSocket.TSocket('1.2.3.4', 8081)
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)
transport.open()
protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport)
client = MyService.Client(protocol)
# arg = ...
client.f1(arg)
# 多次调用 client.f2(...)
print('----- client done')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
-
thrift文件写法参考:http://www.jianshu.com/p/0f4113d6ec4b ↩
-
Java Wav File IO API:http://www.labbookpages.co.uk/audio/javaWavFiles.html ↩