自定义view--TipView
TipView其实就是类似QQ长按消息弹出来的横放的提示框。
通过看书和参考各位大神的博客（再次对大神表示恭敬），我用了一下午时间写完了这么一个view。
先来看图：
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image.png
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1 自定义TipView思路
1 首先我们考虑是继承View还是ViewGroup
其实TipView直观看更像是一个group，里面有子view。但其实我们并不需要继承ViewGroup，因为我们不用像LinearLayout那样在布局文件里面去添加子view，而且TipView的item我们用文字就好。如果继承于Group我们还要考虑onLayout的问题，为了简单我直接继承自View。
2 重写方法
TipView要像PopupWindow、Dialog一样显示在Activity上而不是添加到父容器中，原因是如果创建后添加到父容器中去托管的话，父容器的布局规则会影响我们TipView的显示效果。所以我们要使用WindowManager来把TipView添加到外层布局，并且要充满屏幕，i原因为我们要点击tem之外的地方使TipView消失。所以view大小是固定充满屏幕的，不需要重写onMeasure。
需要重写onDraw来绘制view。
3 显示位置
TipView主要分两部分，一部分是三角标，一部分是带有圆角的主体。
当我们点击后，三角标顶点始终在点击位置上方一定距离（如果顶点定位在点击位置，会导致手指挡住一部分三角，用户体验度不佳），并且主体不要与屏幕左右边界碰撞，当要遮挡ToolBar时向下绘制。
2 定义变量
public static final int TOP = 0;//从点击位置上面绘制
public static final int DOWN = 1;//...下面...
private int mItemWidth;//item宽
private int mItemHeight;//item高
private int mTriaHeight;//三角的高度
private int mHalfTriaWidth;//三角的半宽
private int mTriaAcme;//三角的顶点
private int mTriaItemBorder;//三角的顶点
private int realLeft;//窗口距左边的值
private int marginSide;//窗口距左右边的值,防止出现的窗口紧贴边界
private int mSeparateLineColor = Color.WHITE;
private int mTextSize;//选项文字的大小
private int mTextColor;//选项文字的颜色
private int mItemSeparation;//分割线宽度;
private int mRadius;//圆角
private List<TextItem> items;//存放item的集合
private List<Rect> mItemRectList = new ArrayList<>(); // 存储每个方块
private Paint mPaint;//画笔
private Paint mSeparationPaint;//分割线画笔
private Paint mSPaint;//三角的画笔
private Path mPath;//路径
private int x, y;//点击的位置
private ViewGroup viewRoot;//父容器
private int location = TOP;//绘制位置
private int choose = -1;//点击的item
private int mToolbarBottom;//Toolbar下边距屏幕上距离
private WindowManager windowManager;
private WindowManager.LayoutParams layoutParams;//windowManger布局管理器,为了像Dialog一样在Activity弹出，而不是依附于某个group
private onItemCilckLinener itemCilckLinener;
private Context context = null;
3 构造函数以及初始化方法
private MyTipView(Context context, int x, int y, ViewGroup viewRoot, List<TextItem> items) {
super(context);
this.viewRoot = viewRoot;
this.context = context;
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.items = items;
windowManager = (WindowManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
layoutParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
layoutParams.width = WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;//窗口的宽
layoutParams.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;//窗口的高
//设置LayoutParams的属性
layoutParams.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL;//该Type描述的是形成的窗口的层级关系，下面会详细列出它的属性
layoutParams.format = PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT;//不设置这个弹出框的透明遮罩显示为黑色
//layoutParams.token = viewRoot.getWindowToken();//设置Token
int[] location = new int[2];
viewRoot.getLocationInWindow(location);//获取在当前窗口内的绝对坐标
viewRoot.getLocationOnScreen(location);//获取在整个屏幕内的绝对坐标
mToolbarBottom = location[1];//[0]是x轴坐标，[1]y轴
windowManager.addView(this, layoutParams);
init();
initView();
}
//初始化画笔
private void init() {
mPaint = new Paint();
mSPaint = new Paint();
mPath = new Path();
mSeparationPaint = new Paint();
mSeparationPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
mPaint.setTextSize(Sp2Px(14));
mPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
mSPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mSPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
mSPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
//初始变量
mItemWidth = Dp2Px(50);
mItemHeight = Dp2Px(48);
mTriaHeight = Dp2Px(10);//三角的高度
mHalfTriaWidth = Dp2Px(6);//三角的半宽
mTriaAcme = Dp2Px(6);//三角的顶点
marginSide = Dp2Px(4);//左右边距
mItemSeparation = Dp2Px(1);//分割线宽度;
mRadius = Dp2Px(6);//圆角
mTextColor = Color.WHITE;
mTextSize = Sp2Px(14);
}
4 计算三角顶点位置
private void initView() {
int count = items.size();
int width = count * mItemWidth + mItemSeparation * (count - 1);
int mScreenWidth = getResources().getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels;
if (y - mToolbarBottom < (mItemHeight + mTriaHeight + mTriaAcme)) {
location = DOWN;//下方显示
mTriaAcme += y;//设置三角顶点y轴值；
mTriaItemBorder = mTriaAcme + mTriaHeight;//计算三角方块交界y
} else {
location = TOP;
mTriaAcme = y - mTriaAcme;//计算顶点位置y轴值
mTriaItemBorder = mTriaAcme - mTriaHeight;//计算三角方块交界y值
}
if (x < (width / 2 + marginSide)) {
realLeft = marginSide;//计算最左侧距离屏幕左边距离，左边撑不下
} else if ((mScreenWidth - x) < (width / 2 + marginSide)) {
realLeft = mScreenWidth - marginSide - width;//计算最左侧距离屏幕左边距离，右边撑不下
} else {
realLeft = x - width / 2;//计算最左侧距离屏幕左边距离，触碰不到边界
}
}
5 设置背景为透明
private void drawBackground(Canvas canvas) {
canvas.drawColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
}
6 绘制三角
private void drawTop(Canvas canvas) {
//绘制三角
mPath.reset();
mPath.moveTo(x, mTriaAcme);
mPath.lineTo(x - mHalfTriaWidth, mTriaAcme - mTriaHeight);
mPath.lineTo(x + mHalfTriaWidth, mTriaAcme - mTriaHeight);
canvas.drawPath(mPath, mSPaint);
MyDraw(canvas, mTriaItemBorder - mItemHeight);
}
private void drawDown(Canvas canvas) {
//绘制三角
mPath.reset();//清理路径
mPath.moveTo(x, mTriaAcme);
mPath.lineTo(x - mHalfTriaWidth, mTriaAcme + mTriaHeight);
mPath.lineTo(x + mHalfTriaWidth, mTriaAcme + mTriaHeight);
canvas.drawPath(mPath, mSPaint);
//绘制方块
MyDraw(canvas, mTriaItemBorder);
}
7 绘制方块
绘制时因为第一个和最后一个方块带有圆角，单独绘制
private void MyDraw(Canvas canvas, int t) {
//绘制item
int count = items.size();
int width = (count - 1) * mItemSeparation + count * mItemWidth;
int l = realLeft + mItemWidth + mItemSeparation;
mItemRectList.clear();
for (int i = 0; i < items.size(); i++) {
if (choose == i) {//当前是否被点击，改变颜色
mPaint.setColor(Color.DKGRAY);
} else {
mPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
}
if (i == 0) {//绘制第一个带圆角的item
mPath.reset();
mPath.moveTo(realLeft + mItemWidth, t);
mPath.lineTo(realLeft + mRadius, t);
mPath.quadTo(realLeft, t, realLeft, t + mRadius);
mPath.lineTo(realLeft, t + mItemHeight - mRadius);
mPath.quadTo(realLeft, t + mItemHeight, realLeft + mRadius, mItemHeight + t);
mPath.lineTo(realLeft + mItemWidth, t + mItemHeight);
canvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
mSeparationPaint.setColor(mSeparateLineColor);
canvas.drawLine(realLeft + mItemWidth, t, realLeft + mItemWidth,
t + mItemHeight, mSeparationPaint);
} else if (i == (items.size() - 1)) {//绘制最后一个
mPath.reset();
mPath.rMoveTo(realLeft + width - mItemWidth, t);
mPath.lineTo(realLeft + width - mRadius, t);
mPath.quadTo(realLeft + width, t, realLeft + width, t + mRadius);
mPath.lineTo(realLeft + width, t + mItemHeight - mRadius);
mPath.quadTo(realLeft + width, t + mItemHeight, realLeft + width - mRadius, t + mItemHeight);
mPath.lineTo(realLeft + width - mItemWidth, t + mItemHeight);
canvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
} else {//绘制中间方块和分割线
mPath.reset();
mPath.moveTo(l, t);
mPath.lineTo(l + mItemWidth, t);
mPath.lineTo(l + mItemWidth, t + mItemHeight);
mPath.lineTo(l, t + mItemHeight);
canvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
canvas.drawLine(l + mItemWidth, t, l + mItemWidth, t + mItemHeight,
mSeparationPaint);
l += mItemWidth + mItemSeparation;
}
mItemRectList.add(new Rect(realLeft + i * (mItemSeparation + mItemWidth), t, realLeft + i * (mItemSeparation + mItemWidth) + mItemWidth, t + mItemHeight));
}
}
最后一行代码
mItemRectList.add(new Rect(realLeft + i * (mItemSeparation + mItemWidth), t, realLeft + i * (mItemSeparation + mItemWidth) + mItemWidth, t + mItemHeight));
用一个List来存放Rect（矩形），这些矩形对应的是每一个item的方块，但是并没有绘制出来，只是存放起来，矩形是为了在绘制文字的时候提供文字居中时用到的。
8 绘制文字
private void drawTitle(Canvas canvas) {
for (int i = 0; i < items.size(); i++) {
Rect rect = mItemRectList.get(i);//用于文字居中
//mPaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
Paint p = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
p.setAntiAlias(true);
p.setStrokeWidth(3);
int s = Dp2Px(items.get(i).getTextSize());
p.setTextSize(mTextSize);
if (s != 0)//如果在TextItem中设置了size，就是用设置的size
p.setTextSize(s);
p.setColor(mTextColor);
Paint.FontMetricsInt fontMetricsInt = p.getFontMetricsInt();
p.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
float baseline = (rect.bottom + rect.top + fontMetricsInt.bottom - fontMetricsInt.top) / 2 - fontMetricsInt.bottom;//文字居中，基线算法
canvas.drawText(items.get(i).getTitle(), rect.centerX(), baseline, p);
}
}
9 点击变色，以及点击事件实现
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
switch (event.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
for (int i = 0; i < items.size(); i++) {
if (itemCilckLinener != null && isPointInRect(new PointF(event.getX(), event.getY()), mItemRectList.get(i))) {
choose = i;//记录点击item编号
Rect rect = mItemRectList.get(i);
postInvalidate(rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom);//刷新视图
return true;
}
}
removeView();//点击item以外移除
return false;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
for (int i = 0; i < items.size(); i++) {
if (itemCilckLinener != null && isPointInRect(new PointF(event.getX(), event.getY()), mItemRectList.get(i))) {
if (i == choose) {//与down的item一样时才触发
itemCilckLinener.onItemCilck(items.get(i).getTitle(), i);//触发点击事件
removeView();
return true;
}
} else {//点下后移动出item，初始化视图
postInvalidate();//刷新视图
}
}
choose = -1;//重置
return false;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 判断这个点有没有在矩形内
*
* @param pointF
* @param targetRect
* @return
*/
private boolean isPointInRect(PointF pointF, Rect targetRect) {
if (pointF.x < targetRect.left) {
return false;
}
if (pointF.x > targetRect.right) {
return false;
}
if (pointF.y < targetRect.top) {
return false;
}
if (pointF.y > targetRect.bottom) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
10 Builder模式创建
public static class Builder {
private List<TextItem> items = new ArrayList<>();
private int x = 0, y = 0;
private Context context;
private ViewGroup viewRoot;
private onItemCilckLinener itemCilckLinener;
private int mRadius;
public Builder(Context context, ViewGroup viewRoot) {
this.context = context;
this.viewRoot = viewRoot;
}
public Builder addItem(TextItem item) {
items.add(item);
return this;
}
public Builder setmRadius(int radius) {
mRadius = radius;
return this;
}
public Builder setxAndy(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
return this;
}
public Builder setOnItemClickLinener(onItemCilckLinener itemClickLinener) {
this.itemCilckLinener = itemClickLinener;
return this;
}
public MyTipView create() {
if (items.size() == 0) {
try {
throw new Exception("item count is 0");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
MyTipView myTipView = new MyTipView(context, x, y, viewRoot, items);
myTipView.setItemCilckLinener(itemCilckLinener);
if (mRadius != 0)
myTipView.setRadius(mRadius);
return myTipView;
}
}
11 item
//TipView的item
public static class TextItem {
private String title;
private int textSize;
private int textColor = Color.WHITE;
public TextItem(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public TextItem(String title, int textSize) {
this.title = title;
this.textSize = textSize;
}
public TextItem(String title, int textSize, int textColor) {
this.title = title;
this.textSize = textSize;
this.textColor = textColor;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public int getTextSize() {
return textSize;
}
public void setTextSize(int textSize) {
this.textSize = textSize;
}
public int getTextColor() {
return textColor;
}
public void setTextColor(int textColor) {
this.textColor = textColor;
}
}
12 使用示例
MyTipView.Builder builder = new MyTipView.Builder(this, linearLayout);
builder.addItem(new MyTipView.TextItem("1"))
.addItem(new MyTipView.TextItem("2"))
.addItem(new MyTipView.TextItem("3"))
.addItem(new MyTipView.TextItem("4"))
.setxAndy((int) x, (int) y)
.setOnItemClickLinener(new MyTipView.onItemCilckLinener() {
@Override
public void onItemCilck(String title, int i) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, title, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
})
.create();
