1、使用注解方式
首先需要在启动类下添加 @EnableScheduling 注解（@EnableAsync是开启异步的注解）
package com.fongtech.cli;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.fongtech.cli.mbg.*.**")
@EnableAsync
@EnableScheduling
public class SpringbootAdminApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootAdminApplication.class, args);
}
}
接着在需要用到定时任务的类和方法下加 @Component 和 @Scheduled(cron = "0 0/1 * * * ? ")注解，其中@Scheduled()中的 ‘cron’ 有固定的格式。（@Async注解表示开启异步）
@Slf4j
@Component
public class AsyncTaskConfiguration {
/**
* 每分钟检查任务列表，判断任务类型执行相应的任务
* 根据实际任务执行情况，限定执行任务数量
*/
@Scheduled(cron = "0 0/1 * * * ? ")
@Async
public void startCommonTask() throws Exception {
log.info("startCommonTask start........." + Thread.currentThread().getName());
commonTaskService.startCommonTask();
log.info("startCommonTask end........." + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}}
2、使用实现接口的方式
通过实现 SchedulingConfigurer 接口，可对定时任务进行操作。实现接口的方式相比使用注解更加灵活，但需要编写代码，相对繁琐。
实现工具类如下：
package com.fongtech.cli.admin.tasktime;
import com.fongtech.cli.common.util.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.SchedulingException;
import org.springframework.scheduling.TaskScheduler;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.SchedulingConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.config.ScheduledTaskRegistrar;
import org.springframework.scheduling.config.TriggerTask;
import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
/**
* @author linb
* @date 2020/6/15 11:16
*/
@Configuration
//@EnableScheduling
public class DefaultSchedulingConfigurer implements SchedulingConfigurer {
private ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar;
private Set<ScheduledFuture<?>> scheduledFutures = null;
private Map<String, ScheduledFuture<?>> taskFutures = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
@Override
public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar) {
this.taskRegistrar = taskRegistrar;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private Set<ScheduledFuture<?>> getScheduledFutures() {
if (scheduledFutures == null) {
try {
// spring版本不同选用不同字段scheduledFutures
scheduledFutures = (Set<ScheduledFuture<?>>) BeanUtils.getProperty(taskRegistrar, "scheduledTasks");
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
throw new SchedulingException("not found scheduledFutures field.");
}
}
return scheduledFutures;
}
/**
* 添加任务
*/
public void addTriggerTask(String taskId, TriggerTask triggerTask) {
if (taskFutures.containsKey(taskId)) {
throw new SchedulingException("the taskId[" + taskId + "] was added.");
}
TaskScheduler scheduler = taskRegistrar.getScheduler();
ScheduledFuture<?> future = scheduler.schedule(triggerTask.getRunnable(), triggerTask.getTrigger());
getScheduledFutures().add(future);
taskFutures.put(taskId, future);
}
/**
* 取消任务
*/
public void cancelTriggerTask(String taskId) {
ScheduledFuture<?> future = taskFutures.get(taskId);
if (future != null) {
future.cancel(true);
}
taskFutures.remove(taskId);
getScheduledFutures().remove(future);
}
/**
* 重置任务
*/
public void resetTriggerTask(String taskId, TriggerTask triggerTask) {
cancelTriggerTask(taskId);
addTriggerTask(taskId, triggerTask);
}
/**
* 任务编号
*/
public Set<String> taskIds() {
return taskFutures.keySet();
}
/**
* 是否存在任务
*/
public boolean hasTask(String taskId) {
return this.taskFutures.containsKey(taskId);
}
/**
* 任务调度是否已经初始化完成
*/
public boolean inited() {
return this.taskRegistrar != null && this.taskRegistrar.getScheduler() != null;
}
}
在项目启动后就自动开启任务的操作类如下：
package com.fongtech.cli.admin.tasktime;
import com.fongtech.cli.admin.service.IAuthLoginService;
import com.fongtech.cli.admin.service.IBackupsService;
import com.fongtech.cli.admin.service.IDictionnaryEntryService;
import com.fongtech.cli.mbg.model.entity.AuthLogin;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.scheduling.config.TriggerTask;
import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* 项目启动后执行，
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
@Order(value = 1)
public class CmdRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
@Autowired
private DefaultSchedulingConfigurer defaultSchedulingConfigurer;
@Autowired
private IDictionnaryEntryService dictionnaryEntryService;
@Autowired
private IBackupsService backupsService;
@Autowired
private IAuthLoginService authLoginService;
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
log.info("------按照预设备份周期启动数据库备份定时任务");
while (!defaultSchedulingConfigurer.inited())
{
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
}
}
String cron = dictionnaryEntryService.getEntryValueByName("CRON_VALUE");
//默认按照管理员用户权限执行备份任务
AuthLogin authLogin = authLoginService.query().eq(AuthLogin::getLogin_user, "admin").getOne();
//启动线程，按照原表内的时间执行备份任务
defaultSchedulingConfigurer.addTriggerTask("task",
new TriggerTask(
() -> System.out.println("=====----------启动定时任务=-----------");,
new CronTrigger(cron)));
}
}
暂停定时任务：
defaultSchedulingConfigurer.cancelTriggerTask("task");
