先说说我都使用了哪些办法1.开通微信的语音识别功能进行尝试，使用订阅号自己的微信识别功能。可惜效果并不能令人满意识别率很低。

2.接收到微信的语音并不通过微信的识别，通过临时素材接口把文件保留下来然后接入阿里的语音识别，由于阿里的语音识别不能直接读取amr的文件需要转码，导致效率有点低。

3.也是将微信的语音素材保存到服务器，直接保存为amr文件然后接入百度的语音识别，百度语音识别出来的文字再发送到阿里的知识库收到返回结果显示出来，这条路可以，反应速到也能接受

4.期间还尝试了其他的第三方平台：图灵机器人、讯飞微信服务等。

下面就记录一下期间遇到的坑：

1.微信对接服务器的方法和接口微信的api中都有写，给的demo并不友好。在网上查找资料后发现有比较好的方式，使用后发现并不能流程工作几次过后都有提示无法服务的消息。原因：消息返回的调用位置不对，导致并不是每次都可以有数据返回

2.在下载素材时应该把接收到的包都保存下来，不能只存body，附上代码

private function downloadWeiXinFile($url)

{

$ch = curl_init($url);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

$package = curl_exec($ch);

curl_close($ch);

return $package;

}

最后附上完整代码，由于是php新手，所以代码都写到了一个文件里边

<?php
define("TOKEN", "***");
$wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapiTest();
$wechatObj->valid();

function getAccessToken()
{
    //  access_token 应该全局存储与更新，以下代码以写入到文件中做示例
    $data = json_decode(file_get_contents("./**.json"));
    if ($data->expire_time < time()) {
        $appid = "*"; //自己的appid
        $appsecret = "***"; //自己的appsecret
        $url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid={$appid}&secret={$appsecret}";
        $res = json_decode(httpGet($url));
        $access_token = $res->access_token;
        if ($access_token) {
            $data->expire_time = time() + 7000;
            $data->access_token = $access_token;
            $fp = fopen("./***.json", "w");
            fwrite($fp, json_encode($data));
            fclose($fp);
        }
    } else {
        $access_token = $data->access_token;
    }
    return $access_token;
}
//HTTP get 请求
function httpGet($url)
{
    $curl = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 500);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    $res = curl_exec($curl);
    curl_close($curl);

    return $res;
}
class wechatCallbackapiTest
{
    //验证消息
    public function valid()
    {
        $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"];
        if ($this->checkSignature()) {
            echo $echoStr;
            $this->responseMsg();
            exit;
        }

    }

    //检查签名
    private function checkSignature()
    {

        $signature = $_GET["signature"];
        $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"];
        $nonce = $_GET["nonce"];
        $token = TOKEN;

        $tmpArr = array(
            $token,
            $timestamp,
            $nonce);
        sort($tmpArr, SORT_STRING);
        $tmpStr = implode($tmpArr);
        $tmpStr = sha1($tmpStr);
        if ($tmpStr == $signature) {
            return true;

        } else {

            return false;
        }

    }

    //响应消息
    public function responseMsg()
    {
        $postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"]; //获取微信端发送的xml数据
        if (!empty($postStr)) {
            //将$postStr变量进行解析，并赋予$postObj
            $postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr, 'SimpleXMLElement', LIBXML_NOCDATA);
            $RX_TYPE = trim($postObj->MsgType);

            switch ($RX_TYPE) {
                case "event":
                    // $result = $this->receiveEvent($postObj);
                    break;
                case "text":
                    $result = $this->receiveText($postObj);
                    break;
                case "image":
                    $result = $this->receiveImage($postObj);
                    break;
                case "location":
                    $result = $this->receiveLocation($postObj);
                    break;
                case "voice":
                    $result = $this->receiveVoice($postObj);
                    break;
                case "video":
                    $result = $this->receiveVideo($postObj);
                    break;
                case "link":
                    $result = $this->receiveLink($postObj);
                    break;
                default:
                    $result = "unknown msg type: " . $RX_TYPE;
                    break;
            }
            echo $result;
        } else {
            echo "";
            exit;
        }
    }

    //接收事件消息（6个）
    private function receiveEvent($object) //这里的$object来自$postObj————解析了微信消息的对象
    {
        $content = "";
        $result = $this->transmitText($object, $content);
        return $result;
    }

    //接收文本消息
    private function receiveText($object)
    {
        $Answer = ali($object->Content);
        if ($Answer != null) {
            $content = $Answer;
        } else {
            $content = "请重新提问";
        }
        //$content=$object->Content;
        $result = $this->transmitText($object, $content);

        return $result;
    }

    //接收图片消息
    private function receiveImage($object)
    {
        $content = array("MediaId" => $object->MediaId);
        $result = $this->transmitImage($object, $content);
        return $result;
    }

    //接收位置消息
    private function receiveLocation($object)
    {
        $content = "你发送的是位置，纬度为：" . $object->Location_X . "；经度为：" . $object->Location_Y .
            "；缩放级别为：" . $object->Scale . "；位置为：" . $object->Label;
        $result = $this->transmitText($object, $content);
        return $result;
    }

    //接收语音消息
    private function receiveVoice($object)
    {
        //
        //                if (isset($object->Recognition) && !empty($object->Recognition)) {
        //                    $Answer = ali($object->Recognition);
        //                   if ($Answer != null) {
        //                        $content = "识别结果:" . $object->Recognition . "\n" . $Answer;
        //                    } else {
        //                        $content = "识别结果:" . $object->Recognition;
        //                    }
        //                    // $content ="识别结果:".$object->Recognition.;
        //                    $result = $this->transmitText($object, $content);
        //                } else {
        //                   $content = array("MediaId" => $object->MediaId);
        //                    $result = $this->transmitVoice($object, $content);
        //                }


        $access_token = getAccessToken();
        $mediaId = $object->MediaId;
        $fileurl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/get?access_token=$access_token&media_id=$mediaId";
        $content = $this->downloadWeiXinFile($fileurl);
        $filename = "voice.amr";
        $this->saveWeiXinFile($filename, $content);
        $text=Bd_Asr();
        $Answer="识别结果:" . $text . "\n".ali($text);
        $result = $this->transmitText($object, (string )$Answer);
        return $result;
    }

    //接收视频消息
    private function receiveVideo($object)
    {
        $content = array(
            "MediaId" => $object->MediaId,
            "ThumbMediaId" => $object->ThumbMediaId,
            "Title" => "",
            "Description" => "");
        $result = $this->transmitVideo($object, $content);
        return $result;
    }

    //接收链接消息
    private function receiveLink($object)
    {
        $content = "你发送的是链接，标题为：" . $object->Title . "；内容为：" . $object->Description .
            "；链接地址为：" . $object->Url;
        $result = $this->transmitText($object, $content);
        return $result;
    }

    //接入多客服
    private function transmitKefu($object)
    {
        $textTpl = "<xml>
    <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName>
    <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName>
    <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime>
    <MsgType><![CDATA[transfer_customer_service]]></MsgType>
</xml>";
        $result = sprintf($textTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time());
        return $result;
    }
    //回复文本消息
    private function transmitText($object, $content)
    {
        $textTpl = "<xml>
<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime>
<MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>
<Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content>
</xml>";
        $result = sprintf($textTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time(),
            $content);
        return $result;
    }

    //回复图片消息
    private function transmitImage($object, $imageArray)
    {
        $itemTpl = "<Image>
    <MediaId><![CDATA[%s]]></MediaId>
</Image>";

        $item_str = sprintf($itemTpl, $imageArray['MediaId']);

        $textTpl = "<xml>
<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime>
<MsgType><![CDATA[image]]></MsgType>
$item_str
</xml>";

        $result = sprintf($textTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time());
        return $result;
    }

    //回复语音消息
    private function transmitVoice($object, $voiceArray)
    {
        $itemTpl = "<Voice>
    <MediaId><![CDATA[%s]]></MediaId>
</Voice>";

        $item_str = sprintf($itemTpl, $voiceArray['MediaId']);

        $textTpl = "<xml>
<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime>
<MsgType><![CDATA[voice]]></MsgType>
$item_str
</xml>";

        $result = sprintf($textTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time());
        return $result;
    }

    //回复视频消息
    private function transmitVideo($object, $videoArray)
    {
        $itemTpl = "<Video>
    <MediaId><![CDATA[%s]]></MediaId>
    <ThumbMediaId><![CDATA[%s]]></ThumbMediaId>
    <Title><![CDATA[%s]]></Title>
    <Description><![CDATA[%s]]></Description>
</Video>";

        $item_str = sprintf($itemTpl, $videoArray['MediaId'], $videoArray['ThumbMediaId'],
            $videoArray['Title'], $videoArray['Description']);

        $textTpl = "<xml>
<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime>
<MsgType><![CDATA[video]]></MsgType>
$item_str
</xml>";

        $result = sprintf($textTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time());
        return $result;
    }

    //回复图文消息
    private function transmitNews($object, $newsArray)
    {
        if (!is_array($newsArray)) {
            return;
        }
        $itemTpl = "    <item>
        <Title><![CDATA[%s]]></Title>
        <Description><![CDATA[%s]]></Description>
        <PicUrl><![CDATA[%s]]></PicUrl>
        <Url><![CDATA[%s]]></Url>
    </item>
";
        $item_str = "";
        foreach ($newsArray as $item) {
            $item_str .= sprintf($itemTpl, $item['Title'], $item['Description'], $item['PicUrl'],
                $item['Url']);
        }
        $newsTpl = "<xml>
<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime>
<MsgType><![CDATA[news]]></MsgType>
<Content><![CDATA[]]></Content>
<ArticleCount>%s</ArticleCount>
<Articles>
$item_str</Articles>
</xml>";

        $result = sprintf($newsTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time(),
            count($newsArray));
        return $result;
    }

    //回复音乐消息
    private function transmitMusic($object, $musicArray)
    {
        $itemTpl = "<Music>
    <Title><![CDATA[%s]]></Title>
    <Description><![CDATA[%s]]></Description>
    <MusicUrl><![CDATA[%s]]></MusicUrl>
    <HQMusicUrl><![CDATA[%s]]></HQMusicUrl>
</Music>";

        $item_str = sprintf($itemTpl, $musicArray['Title'], $musicArray['Description'],
            $musicArray['MusicUrl'], $musicArray['HQMusicUrl']);

        $textTpl = "<xml>
<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime>
<MsgType><![CDATA[music]]></MsgType>
$item_str
</xml>";

        $result = sprintf($textTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time());
        return $result;
    }
    //获取文件信息
    private function downloadWeiXinFile($url)
    {
        $ch = curl_init($url);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
        $package = curl_exec($ch);
        //$httpinfo = curl_getinfo($ch);
        curl_close($ch);
        //$result = array_merge(array('header' => $httpinfo), array('body' => $package));
        return $package;
    }
    //保存文件
    private function saveWeiXinFile($filename, $filecontent)
    {
        $local_file = fopen($filename, 'w');
        if (false !== $local_file) {
            if (false !== fwrite($local_file, $filecontent)) {
                fclose($local_file);
               
            }
        }
    }

}
//百度语音识别
function Bd_Asr()
{
    
    define('AUDIO_FILE', "voice.amr");
    $url = "http://vop.baidu.com/server_api";
    //put your params here
    $cuid = "***";
    $apiKey = "***";
    $secretKey = "***";

    $auth_url = "https://openapi.baidu.com/oauth/2.0/token?grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=" .
        $apiKey . "&client_secret=" . $secretKey;
    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $auth_url);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 5);
    $response = curl_exec($ch);
    if (curl_errno($ch)) {
        print curl_error($ch);
    }
    curl_close($ch);
    $response = json_decode($response, true);
    $token = $response['access_token'];

    $audio = file_get_contents(AUDIO_FILE);
    $base_data = base64_encode($audio);
    $array = array(
        "format" => "amr",
        "rate" => 8000,
        "channel" => 1,
        //"lan" => "zh",
        "token" => $token,
        "cuid" => $cuid,
        //"url" => (string)$amrurl,
        //"callback" => "http://www.xxx.com/audio/callback",
        "len" => filesize(AUDIO_FILE),
        "speech" => $base_data,
        );
    $json_array = json_encode($array);
    $content_len = "Content-Length: " . strlen($json_array);
    $header = array($content_len, 'Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8');

    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $header);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 30);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 30);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $json_array);
    $response = curl_exec($ch);
    if (curl_errno($ch)) {
        print curl_error($ch);
    }
    curl_close($ch);
    echo $response;
    $response = json_decode($response, true);
    var_dump($response);
    return $response['result'][0];
}
//阿里语音转文字
function TranTextPost()
{
    $akId = "***";
    $akSecret = "***";
    $turl = "https://nlsapi.aliyun.com/transcriptions";
    $arr = array(
        'app_key' => "nls-service-telephone8khz",
        'oss_link' => "",
        'auto_split' => false);
    $options = array('http' => array(
            'header' => array(
                'accept' => "application/json",
                'content-type' => "application/json",
                'date' => gmdate("D, d M Y H:i:s \G\M\T"),
                'authorization' => ''),
            'method' => "POST", //可以是 GET, POST, DELETE, PUT
            'content' => json_encode($arr)));
    $http = $options['http'];
    $header = $http['header'];
    $body = $http['content'];
    if (empty($body))
        $bodymd5 = $body;
    else
        $bodymd5 = base64_encode(md5($body, true));
    $stringToSign = $http['method'] . "\n" . $header['accept'] . "\n" . $bodymd5 . "\n" .
        $header['content-type'] . "\n" . $header['date'];
    $signature = base64_encode(hash_hmac("sha1", $stringToSign, $akSecret, true));
    $authHeader = "Dataplus " . "$akId" . ":" . "$signature";
    $options['http']['header']['authorization'] = $authHeader;
    $options['http']['header'] = implode(array_map(function ($key, $val)
    {
        return $key . ":" . $val . "\r\n"; }
    , array_keys($options['http']['header']), $options['http']['header']));
    $context = stream_context_create($options);
    $file = file_get_contents($turl, false, $context);
    $arrayAns = json_decode($file, true);
    $file = $arrayAns['id'];
    return $file;
}

function TranTextGet($id)
{
    $akId = "***";
    $akSecret = "***";
    $turl = "https://nlsapi.aliyun.com/transcriptions/" . $id;

    $options = array('http' => array(
            'header' => array(
                'accept' => "application/json",
                'content-type' => "application/json",
                'date' => gmdate("D, d M Y H:i:s \G\M\T"),
                'authorization' => ''),
            'method' => "GET",
            'content' => ''));
    $http = $options['http'];
    $header = $http['header'];

    $body = $http['content'];
    if (empty($body))
        $bodymd5 = $body;
    else
        $bodymd5 = base64_encode(md5($body, true));
    $stringToSign = $http['method'] . "\n" . $header['accept'] . "\n" . $bodymd5 . "\n" .
        $header['content-type'] . "\n" . $header['date'];
    $signature = base64_encode(hash_hmac("sha1", $stringToSign, $akSecret, true));
    $authHeader = "Dataplus " . "$akId" . ":" . "$signature";
    $options['http']['header']['authorization'] = $authHeader;
    $options['http']['header'] = implode(array_map(function ($key, $val)
    {
        return $key . ":" . $val . "\r\n"; }
    , array_keys($options['http']['header']), $options['http']['header']));

    $context = stream_context_create($options);
    $file = file_get_contents($turl, false, $context);
    $arrayAns = json_decode($file, true);
    $file = $arrayAns['status'];
    return $file;
}
//阿里知识库查询
function ali($Question)
{
    $akId = "***";
    $akSecret = "***";
    $url = "https://nlsapi.aliyun.com/qas?";
    //更新api信息
    $arr = array(
        'version' => "2.0",
        'app_key' => "nui-c2yidv3u",
        'question' => (string )$Question);

    $options = array('http' => array(
            'header' => array(
                'accept' => "application/json",
                'content-type' => "application/json",
                'date' => gmdate("D, d M Y H:i:s \G\M\T"),
                'authorization' => ''),
            'method' => "POST", //可以是 GET, POST, DELETE, PUT
            'content' => json_encode($arr) //如有数据，请用json_encode()进行编码
                ));
    $http = $options['http'];
    $header = $http['header'];
    $body = $http['content'];
    if (empty($body))
        $bodymd5 = $body;
    else
        $bodymd5 = base64_encode(md5($body, true));
    $stringToSign = $http['method'] . "\n" . $header['accept'] . "\n" . $bodymd5 . "\n" .
        $header['content-type'] . "\n" . $header['date'];
    $signature = base64_encode(hash_hmac("sha1", $stringToSign, $akSecret, true));
    $authHeader = "Dataplus " . "$akId" . ":" . "$signature";
    $options['http']['header']['authorization'] = $authHeader;
    $options['http']['header'] = implode(array_map(function ($key, $val)
    {
        return $key . ":" . $val . "\r\n"; }
    , array_keys($options['http']['header']), $options['http']['header']));
    $context = stream_context_create($options);
    $file = file_get_contents($url, false, $context);
    $arrayAns = json_decode($file, true);
    $result = $arrayAns["answers"][0]["answer"];
    echo ($result);
    return $result;
}

?>