1.unprecedented

①ADJ If something is unprecedented, it has never happened before. 史无前例的

•  Such a move is rare, but not unprecedented.

这样的举动少见，但并非从来没有过。

②ADJ If you describe something as unprecedented, you are emphasizing that it is very great in quality, amount, or scale. (质量、数量或规模) 空前的

•  The mission has been hailed as an unprecedented success.

这次使命已被宣布为一次空前的成功。

2.void

①N-COUNT If you describe a situation or a feeling as a void, you mean that it seems empty because there is nothing interesting or worthwhile about it. 空白; 空虚感

•  His death has left a void in the entertainment world that can never be filled.

他的去世在娱乐界留下了一个永远无法填补的空白。

②N-COUNT You can describe a large or frightening space as a void. (空间) 大而恐怖的

•  He stared into the dark void where the battle had been fought.

他凝望着那一大片黑洞洞的空地，那里曾是战斗的地方。

③ADJ Something that is void or null and void is officially considered to have no value or authority. 无效的

•  The original elections were declared void by the former military ruler.

原来的选举被前军事首领宣布为无效。

④ADJ If you are void of something, you do not have any of it. 没有…的

•  He rose, his face void of emotion as he walked toward the door.

他站了起来，面无表情地朝门口走去。

⑤V-T To void something means to officially say that it is not valid. 正式宣布…无效

•  The Supreme Court threw out the confession and voided his conviction for murder.

最高法院驳回供状，宣布他的谋杀罪判决无效。

3.vow

①V-T If you vow to do something, you make a serious promise or decision that you will do it. 发誓

•  While many models vow to go back to college, few do.

很多模特儿发誓要重返大学，但几乎无人做到。

•  I solemnly vowed that someday I would return to live in Europe.

我郑重起誓总有一天我要重回欧洲生活。

②N-COUNT A vow is a serious promise or decision to do a particular thing. 誓言

•  I made a silent vow to be more careful in the future.

我默默发誓今后要更加小心。

③N-COUNT Vows are a particular set of serious promises, such as the promises two people make when they are getting married. 誓约

•  I took my marriage vows and kept them.

我结婚时立下了誓言而且一直信守诺言。

4.vulgar

①ADJ If you describe something as vulgar, you think it is in bad taste or of poor artistic quality. 粗俗的

•  I think it's a very vulgar house.

我认为这是一栋很俗气的房子。

②N-UNCOUNT 粗俗

•  I hate the vulgarity of the bright colours in this room.

我不喜欢这个房间里艳丽而俗气的色调。

③ADJ If you describe pictures, gestures, or remarks as vulgar, you dislike them because they refer to sex or parts of the body in an offensive way that you find unpleasant. 下流的

•  The women laughed coarsely at the comedian's vulgar jokes.

那些女人们听到滑稽演员的下流笑话后都放荡地大笑起来。

④N-UNCOUNT 下流

•  Charles was a complete gentleman, incapable of rudeness or vulgarity.

查尔斯完完全全是个绅士，无粗鲁下流之举。

⑤ADJ If you describe a person or their behaviour as vulgar, you mean that they lack taste or behave offensively. 粗鲁的

•  He was a vulgar old man, but he never swore in front of a woman.

他是个粗鲁的老头，但他从来没有在女人面前说过脏话。

⑥N-UNCOUNT 粗鲁

•  It's his vulgarity that I can't take.

我不能忍受的正是他的粗鲁。

5.abort

①V-T If an unborn baby is aborted, the pregnancy is ended deliberately and the baby is not born alive. 使流产

•  Her lover walked out on her after she had aborted their child.

在她打掉了他们的孩子之后，她的情人离开了她。

②V-T If someone aborts a process, plan, or activity, they stop it before it has been completed. 中途放弃

•  When the decision was made to abort the mission, there was great confusion.

中途放弃这次任务的决定引起了严重混乱。

6.accessory

①N-COUNT Accessories are items of equipment that are not usually essential, but can be used with or added to something else in order to make it more efficient, useful, or decorative. 附件

•  ...an exclusive range of hand-made bedroom and bathroom accessories.

…一个高档系列的手工制作的卧室及卫生间设备附件。

②N-COUNT Accessories are articles such as belts and scarves which you wear or carry but which are not part of your main clothing. 配饰

•  It also has a good range of accessories, including sunglasses, handbags and belts.

它还有多种配饰，包括墨镜、手包和皮带。

③N-COUNT If someone is guilty of being an accessory to a crime, they helped the person who committed it, or knew it was being committed but did not tell the police. 从犯

•  She had been charged with being an accessory to the embezzlement of funds from a cooperative farm.

她已被指控为挪用一个合作农场资金的一个从犯。

7.adherence

N-UNCOUNT Adherence is the fact of adhering to a particular rule, agreement, or belief. 遵守

•  ...strict adherence to the constitution.

…对宪法的严格遵守。

8.affiliate

①N-COUNT An affiliate is an organization which is officially connected with another, larger organization or is a member of it. 分支机构; 成员组织

•  The World Chess Federation has affiliates in around 120 countries.

世界象棋联盟在大约一百二十个国家内设有分支机构。

②V-I If an organization affiliates with another larger organization, it forms a close connection with the larger organization or becomes a member of it. 成为隶属机构; 成为会员组织

•  He wanted to affiliate with a U.S. firm because he needed expert advice in legal affairs.

他想成为一家美国公司的会员，因为他需要法律事务方面的专家意见。

9.alien

①ADJ Alien means belonging to a different country, race, or group, usually one you do not like or are frightened of. 外国的

•  He said they were opposed to what he described as the presence of alien forces in the region.

他说他们反对他所描述的在该地区有外国军队的存在。

②ADJ If something is alien to you or to your normal feelings or behaviour, it is not the way you would normally feel or behave. 陌生的

•  Such an attitude is alien to most businessmen.

这种态度对大多数商人都很陌生。

③N-COUNT An alien is someone who is not a legal citizen of the country in which they live. 外国人

•  Both women had hired illegal aliens for child care.

这两个女人都雇佣了非法入境者来照看孩子。

④N-COUNT In science fiction, an alien is a creature from outer space. 外星人

•  ...aliens from another planet.

…从另一个行星来的外星人。

10.alleviate

①V-T If you alleviate pain, suffering, or an unpleasant condition, you make it less intense or severe. 减轻 (不适)

•  Nowadays, a great deal can be done to alleviate back pain.

如今，很多方法可以被用来减轻背部疼痛。

②N-UNCOUNT 减轻

•  Their energies were focused on the alleviation of the refugees' misery.

他们把精力集中在了对难民苦难的减轻上。