TCP/IP简介
略
REST
- 服务端API设计模式:
- 使用Path指示资源
- HTTP Verb表示操作
- API方法 幂等（idempotence）幂等性 [ai'dempətəns,-tənsi]：多次执行效果一样
iOS的网络
iOS的网络
BSD Scoket
参考：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley_sockets#BSD_and_POSIX_sockets
BSD Scoket图示
CFNetwork
CFNetwork
代码：
CFStringRef s =CFSTR("http://www.apple.com");
CFURLRef myURL=CFURLCreateWithString(kCFAllocatorDefault, s, 0);
CFStringRef requestMethod = CFSTR("GET");
CFHTTPMessageRef myRequest = CFHTTPMessageCreateRequest(kCFAllocatorDefault, requestMethod, myURL, kCFHTTPVersion1_1);
CFHTTPMessageSetBody(myRequest, bodyData);
CFHTTPMessageSetHeaderFieldValue(myRequest, headerField, value);
// CFReadStreamCreateForHTTPRequest 已过时
CFReadStreamRef myReadStream = CFReadStreamCreateWithFile(<#CFAllocatorRef alloc#>, <#CFURLRef fileURL#>);
CFReadStreamOpen(myReadStream);
URL Loading System
现在用NSURLSession
与NSURLConnection的最简用法对比
//NSURLSession 读取URL
NSURL *myURL1=[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.bing.com"];
NSURLSession * session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];
[[session dataTaskWithURL:myURL1 completionHandler:^(NSData * data,NSURLResponse *response,NSError *error){
}
]resume];
//NSURLConnection 读取URL
NSURL *myURL2=[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.bing.com"];
NSURLRequest *Request=[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:myURL2];
//已过时
[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:Request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response,NSData *data,NSError *error){
}
];
NSURLSession
-
结构
NSURLSession的结构
委托
- 基本用法
根据Session类型选择NSURLSessionConfiguration
设置Configuration，如指定NSURLCache灯
-
用Configuration创建Session
[NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:<#(nonnull NSURLSessionConfiguration *)#>];[NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:<#(nonnull NSURLSessionConfiguration *)#> delegate:<#(nullable id<NSURLSessionDelegate>)#> delegateQueue:<#(nullable NSOperationQueue *)#>]; 在session 里创建网络访问任务
启动任务
NSURLSessionTask *task = [[NSURLSessionTask alloc]init] ;
[task resume];
NSURLSession类型
Session Configuration类型
- Default sessions：（全局的）
- 基于文件系统的缓存
- 在keychain里保存凭证
- Ephemeral sessions:（私有的）
- 全内存缓存
- 数据仅在Session期间存在
- Background sessions
另有专门的进程处理数据传输
-
其它同Default
//代码 @interface NSURLSessionConfiguration : NSObject <NSCopying> + (NSURLSessionConfiguration *)defaultSessionConfiguration; + (NSURLSessionConfiguration *)ephemeralSessionConfiguration; + (NSURLSessionConfiguration *)backgroundSessionConfigurationWithIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier;
Task类型
- Data Task（适合临时与服务端通讯）
NSURLSession * task = [[NSURLSession alloc]init];
[task dataTaskWithURL:<#(nonnull NSURL *)#>];
Download Task（接收文件，支持后台下载）
NSURLSession * task = [[NSURLSession alloc]init];
[task downloadTaskWithURL:<#(nonnull NSURL *)#>];-
Upload Task（发送文件，支持后台上传）
NSURLSession * task = [[NSURLSession alloc]init]; [task uploadTaskWithRequest:<#(nonnull NSURLRequest *)#> fromData:<#(nonnull NSData *)#>];
网络连接状态
引入SystemConfiguration.framework
@import SystemConfiguration;
SCNetworkReachabilityCreateWithAddressPair (
CFAllocatorRef allocator,
const struct sockaddr *localAddress,
const struct sockaddr *remoteAddress );
SCNetworkReachabilityGetFlags(
<#SCNetworkReachabilityRef _Nonnull target#>,
<#SCNetworkReachabilityFlags * _Nonnull flags#>)
//监听网络变化
SCNetworkReachabilitySetCallback(
<#SCNetworkReachabilityRef _Nonnull target#>,
<#SCNetworkReachabilityCallBack _Nullable callout#>,
<#SCNetworkReachabilityContext * _Nullable context#>)
杨武老师说不是特别好用，建议听下一课内容
AFNetworking
第三方网络访问库
https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFNetworking
特色：
- Serialization Modules 从原始数据格式转换成特定数据格式
- 对UIKit做了扩展
安装：
方法1. 使用CocoaPods：Podfile
source 'https://github.com/cocoaPods/Specs.git'
platform:ios,'8.0'
pod 'AFNetworking', '~>3.0'
方法2. Carthage:Cartfile
//1.
github "AFNetworking/AFNetworking" ~>3.0
//2.手工把静态库打包到项目
概述：
Overview
代码示范：
- 下载
//下载文件
NSURLSessionConfiguration * config =[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
AFURLSessionManager *manager =[[AFURLSessionManager alloc]initWithSessionConfiguration:config];
NSURL *url =[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/download.zip"];
NSURLRequest *request =[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
NSURLSessionDownloadTask *downloadTask =
[manager downloadTaskWithRequest:request progress:nil
destination:^NSURL *(NSURL *targetPath,NSURLResponse *response){
NSFileManager *fm = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
NSURL *docURL=[fm URLForDirectory:NSDocumentDirectory
inDomain:NSUserDomainMask
appropriateForURL:nil
create:NO error:nil];
return [docURL URLByAppendingPathComponent:[response suggestedFilename]];
} completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response,NSURL *filePath,NSError *error){
NSLog(@"File downloaded to:%@",filePath);
}
];
[downloadTask resume];
2.上传
//上传
NSURLSessionConfiguration * config =[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
AFURLSessionManager *manager =[[AFURLSessionManager alloc]initWithSessionConfiguration:config];
NSURL *url =[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"];
NSURLRequest *request =[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"];
NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask=
[manager uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromFile:filePath progress:nil
completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response,id responseObject,NSError *error){
if(error){
NSLog(@"Error:%@,error");
}else{
NSLog(@"Seccess:%@ %@ ,response,responseObject");
}
}
];
[uploadTask resume];
-
Serialization （有序化）
- Request Serialization
- Response Serialization
HTTPS支持
-
Reachability
- URL
- Domain
- different type of connection
- Wifi
UIKit Extensions
UIKit与网络结合，例如：
[imageView setImageWithURL:imgURL];
调试工具
- JSON Formater(chome)
- JSON View(firefox)
- Safari JSON Formater
https://github.com/rfletcher/safari-json-formatter
