// 2019开工第一天,今年想好好学习;看了下Runtime,然后简单记录下,怕自己忘记了:
// 添加方法
BOOL class_addMethod ( Class cls, SEL name, IMP imp, const char *types );
// 获取实例方法
Method class_getInstanceMethod ( Class cls, SEL name );
// 获取类方法
Method class_getClassMethod ( Class cls, SEL name );
// 获取所有方法的List
Method * class_copyMethodList ( Class cls, unsigned int *outCount );
// 替代方法的实现
IMP class_replaceMethod ( Class cls, SEL name, IMP imp, const char *types );
// 返回方法的具体实现
IMP class_getMethodImplementation ( Class cls, SEL name );
IMP class_getMethodImplementation_stret ( Class cls, SEL name );
// 类实例是否响应指定的selector
BOOL class_respondsToSelector ( Class cls, SEL sel );
⚠️:当判断一个实例方法是否实现时,第一个参数要用类对象,也就是[Person class]。
当判断一个类方法是否实现时,第一个参数要传元类,也就是object_getClass([Person class])。
objc_msgSend 动态添加方法
申明一个ViewController类和Person类
在person类中实现方法
/**
无参数无返回值
*/
-(void)fun
{
NSLog(@"fun");
}
/**
有参数无返回值
@param food food
@param some some
*/
-(void)eat:(NSString *)food say:(NSString *)some
{
NSLog(@"%@ %@",food, some);
}
/**
有参数有返回值
@param value value
@return NSString
*/
- (NSString *)getString:(NSString *)value{
NSLog(@"ba\\value = %@",value);
return value;
}
然后在VC中对应实现相应的方法:
// 无参数无返回值
((void (*)(id, SEL))objc_msgSend)(p, @selector(fun)); //正确写法
// 有参数无返回值
void (*glt_msgsend)(id, SEL, NSString *, NSString *) = (void (*)(id, SEL, NSString *, NSString *))objc_msgSend;
glt_msgsend(p, @selector(eat:say:), @"123", @"456");
// 有参数有返回值
NSString* (*String_msgsend)(id, SEL, NSString *) = (NSString * (*)(id, SEL, NSString *))objc_msgSend;
String_msgsend(p, @selector(getString:), @"value");
class_addMethod 使用
/*
1.cls 哪个类
2.SEL
3.IMP
4.返回值类型!
*/
class_addMethod ( Class cls, SEL name, IMP imp, const char *types );
如果知道对应的函数返回值和类型,则可以直接使用
// i:返回值类型int,若是v则表示void
class_addMethod(self, sel, (IMP)haha, "v@:@");
void haha(id obj,SEL sel,NSString * objc){
NSLog(@"%@--%@--%@",obj,NSStringFromSelector(sel),objc);
}
否则可以用下面的方法:
SEL swizzledMethod = @selector(systemMethod_PrintLog);
Method swizzledMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, originalSelector);
class_addMethod(class,
originalSelector,
method_getImplementation(swizzledMethod),
method_getTypeEncoding(swizzledMethod));
附加:方法的替换
load是只要类所在文件被引用就会被调用,而initialize是在类或者其子类的第一个方法被调用前调用。所以如果类没有被引用进项目,就不会有load调用;但即使类文件被引用进来,但是没有使用,那么initialize也不会被调用。load的调用会引起initialize的调用。
/**
消息替换方法
*/
+ (void)load {
NSLog(@"load");
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
Class class = [self class];
SEL originalSelector = @selector(systemMethod_PrintLog);
SEL swizzledSelector = @selector(ll_imageName);
Method originalMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, originalSelector);
Method swizzledMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, swizzledSelector);
BOOL didAddMethod =
class_addMethod(class,
originalSelector,
method_getImplementation(swizzledMethod),
method_getTypeEncoding(swizzledMethod));
if (didAddMethod) {
class_replaceMethod(class,
swizzledSelector,
method_getImplementation(originalMethod),
method_getTypeEncoding(originalMethod));
} else {
method_exchangeImplementations(originalMethod, swizzledMethod);
}
});
}
+(void)initialize{
NSLog(@"initialize");
}
当一个methad没实现可能会引起Crash时候,方法的拦截
//是为类方法进行决议。class_addMethod添加Method
+ (BOOL)resolveClassMethod:(SEL)name;
// 是为对象方法进行决议,
+ (BOOL)resolveInstanceMethod:(SEL)name;
eg1:
//如果该类接收到一个没有实现的实例方法,就会来到这里
+(BOOL)resolveInstanceMethod:(SEL)sel
{
// NSLog(@"%@",NSStringFromSelector(sel));
//动态添加一个方法!!
/*
1.cls 哪个类
2.SEL
3.IMP
4.返回值类型!
*/
class_addMethod(self, sel, (IMP)haha, "v@:@");
return [super resolveInstanceMethod:sel];
}
void haha(id obj,SEL sel,NSString * objc){
NSLog(@"%@--%@--%@",obj,NSStringFromSelector(sel),objc);
}
eg2:
- (void) run {
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
}
+ (BOOL)resolveInstanceMethod:(SEL)sel {
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
// // 元类
// // 实例对象、类对象、元类对象
// if (sel == @selector(walk)) {
// return class_addMethod(self, sel, (IMP)walk, "v@:");
// }
if (sel == @selector(walk)) {
Method runMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(self, @selector(run));
IMP runIMP = method_getImplementation(runMethod);
const char* types = method_getTypeEncoding(runMethod);
NSLog(@"%s", types);
return class_addMethod(self, sel, runIMP, types);
}
return [super resolveInstanceMethod:sel];
}
eg3:
+ (void) run {
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
}
+ (BOOL)resolveClassMethod:(SEL)sel {
if (sel == @selector(walk)) {
Method runMethod = class_getClassMethod(self, @selector(run));
IMP runIMP = method_getImplementation(runMethod);
const char* types = method_getTypeEncoding(runMethod);
NSLog(@"%s", types);
return class_addMethod(object_getClass(self), sel, runIMP, types);
}
return [super resolveClassMethod:sel];
}
参考链接:
Runtime基础使用场景-拦截替换方法
class_addMethod以及消息转发机制
objc_msgSend的使用注意事项