考研英语（二）写作基础班第二节句子写作大法微博：新东方王江涛微信：jtwang2013
第二节：句子写作大法
1）句子写作大法
2）话题钻石句型
3、补充讲义：基础班45大钻石句型+20大必背范文
一、五大句型：
（一）主谓：
没人能通过欺诈的言语而生存下去。（职业道德）
By dishonest words no one can survive.
（二）主谓宾：
人们拥有生理或心理问题。（健康）
People suffer either physical or mental problems.
（三）主系表：
饮食和睡眠对于身体健康是不可或缺的。（健康）
Diet and sleep are indispensable for physical fitness.
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（四）主谓双宾：
韦小宝给了阿珂一本英文字典。
Wei Xiaobaogives Akean English dictionary.
（五）主谓宾宾补：
金钱使人自私。
Money makes people selfish.
（二）长句写法：
1、并列句：
考研写作六大并列连词：
and, or, not only… but also…
but, while, whereas
1）生产厂家保证生产高质量产品。（职业道德）
Manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality.
商业企业发誓提供真货和礼貌热情的服务。
Commercial enterprises swear to provide genuine commodities and polite and enthusiastic services.
生产厂家保证生产高质量产品；商业企业发誓提供真货和礼貌热情的服务。Manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality; commercial enterprises swear to provide genuine commodities and polite and enthusiastic services.
2）旅游业已经对我们生存的环境造成了巨大的压力。（环境保护）
Tourism has exerted great pressure on the environment we are living in.
旅游业已经对我们生存的环境造成了巨大的压力：水受到污染.
Tourism has exerted great pressure on the environment we are living in: water is polluted
另一方面，旅游业已经对我们生存的环境造成了巨大的压力：水受到污染，生态平衡遭到破坏，自然资源被过度开发。
On the other hand,tourism has exerted great pressure on the environment we are living in: water is polluted, the ecological system is disturbed, and natural resources have been excessively used.
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3）多元文化能得以保护。（文化融合）
Multi-cultures can be kept alive.
如果人们能为多元文化花费时间的话，那么它就能得以保护。
Multi-cultures can be kept alive by the people with the time to do so.
在我看来，如果人们能为多元文化花费时间的话，那么它就能得以保护。这对确保社会将来的繁荣和发展都至关重要。
In my view, multi-cultures can be kept alive by the people with the time to do so, and is extremely vital in ensuring a community’s future development and prosperity.
4）有些学生可以负担学费。（教育）
Some students are able to support the tuition fees.
有些学生自己或家里可以负担考研或出国的学费。
Some students or their families are able to support the tuition fees of postgraduate studies or studying overseas.
有些学生自己或家里可以负担考研或出国的学费，而对有些人来说这些费用是一项沉重的负担。
Some students or their families are able to support the tuition fees of postgraduate studies or studying overseas, while for others it would be too much of a financial strain.
2、从句：小作文3-5个，大作文5-7个
1）定语从句：形容词从句
人+who, whom, whose
物+that, which
时间+when
In 2015 when I met JJ
地点+where
（1）温室是溺爱和物质条件的缩影。（两代关系）
The greenhouse epitomizes doting care and material supplies.
温室是保护孩子免受风雨的父母溺爱和优越物质条件的缩影。
The greenhouse epitomizes parents’ doting care and abundant material supplies thatcan shield the children from the storms.
温室是保护孩子免受风雨的父母溺爱和优越物质条件的缩影，而风雨就是严峻的现实。
The greenhouse epitomizes parents’ doting care and abundant material supplies that can shield the children from the storms, or the harsh reality.
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（2）这种不诚实行为还会产生严重的后果。（职业道德）
This misconduct results in severe consequences.
这种不诚实行为还会产生严重的后果，这很可能会影响将来的机会。
This misconduct results in severe consequence thatmay very well impact future opportunities and so on.
另外，这种不诚实行为还会产生严重的后果，如成绩上的惩罚、暂时停学、不良违纪行为记录，这很可能会影响将来的机会。
In addition, this misconduct results in severe consequences, such as grade-related penalties, suspension, or an adverse disciplinary record that may very well impact future opportunities and so on.
（3）错误的决定会让你面临着失望的就业前景。（教育）
Students whomake the wrong choice could be faced with disappointing career prospects.
错误的决定会让你面临着失望的就业前景，或是到头来浪费了时间和金钱。
Students who make the wrong choice could be faced with disappointing career prospects, or end up wasting their time and money.
（4）贝克汉姆代表了体育界英雄的形象。（流行文化）
Beckham represents the image of sport hero.
贝克汉姆代表了体育界英雄的形象，他的外表以及球技正是球迷们追捧的。
Beckham represents the image of sport hero whoseappearance football skills are adored by all the sports fans.
贝克汉姆代表了体育界英雄的形象，他的英俊外表以及高超的球技正是球迷们热情追捧的。
Beckham represents the image of sport hero whose handsome appearance and unparalleled football skills are passionately adored by all the sports fans.
（5）几个十几岁的女孩一夜成名。（流行文化）
Several teenage girls won their fame overnight.
2005年中国举办的“超级女生”大赛中，几个十几岁的女孩一夜成名。
Several teenage girls won their fame overnight in The 2005 Super Girl Contest in China,
同样，2005年中国举办的“超级女生”大赛中，几个十几岁的女孩一夜成名。围绕着崇拜这些偶像的意义和危害，这个事件激起了全国性的争论。
Likewise, several teenage girls won their fame overnight in The 2005 Super Girl Contest in China, whichprovoked nationwide noisy debates on the value and harm of admiring these idols.
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（6）中国的习俗和传统面临着消失的危险。（中西文化）
For China, there is a danger thatcustoms and traditions may become lost.
另一方面，中国跟世界上其他快速发展的国家一样，年久的习俗和传统面临着消失在现代化阴影里的危险。On the other hand, for China, as for any other rapidly developing country, there is a danger that age-old customs and traditions may become lost in the shadows of modernization.
（7）在贫困地区有两百万学龄儿童已经辍学。（定语从句）
There are over 2 million school-age children whohave dropped out of school in poverty-stricken areas.
然而根据最新统计，在农村的贫困地区有两百万学龄儿童已经辍学。
Yet according to recent statistics, there are over 2 million school-age children who have dropped out of school in poverty-stricken areas of the countryside.
（8）人生就像跑步的过程一样。（人生哲理）
Life is like the process of running.
人们应该不断努力，绝不停止进步。
One should make constant efforts and never stop making progress.
毫无疑问，这幅漫画显示了如下含义：人生就像跑步的过程一样，人们应该不断努力，绝不停止进步。
Undoubtedly, the cartoon conveys the meaning that life is like the process of running in which one should make constant efforts and never stop making progress.
（9）成群的游客涌入很多景点。（环境保护）
A good many scenic spots are flooded with visitors.
成群的游客涌入很多景点，制造并丢弃了大量的垃圾，影响了大自然的美观。
A good many scenic spots are flooded with visitors, whospoil the beauty of nature by creating and leaving behind God-knows-how-much trash.
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从漫画中，我们可以得出结论，画家想要表达下述信息：成群的游客涌入很多景点，制造并丢弃了大量的垃圾，影响了大自然的美观。
From the portrayal, we can conclude that the painter wants to convey such a message: a good many scenic spots are flooded with visitors, who spoil the beauty of nature by creating and leaving behind God-knows-how-much trash.
2）状语从句：
（1）原因状语从句：because, in that, since, as, for
A. 人们选择慢跑作为锻炼。（健康）
People choose jogging as their exercises.
人们分别选择慢跑、打篮球、游泳、滑冰、爬山或骑车作为日常锻炼
People respectively choose jogging, playing basketball, swimming, skating, climbing or riding as their regular exercises.
人们分别选择慢跑、打篮球、游泳、滑冰、爬山或骑车作为日常锻炼，这是因为这些运动总是使我们更强壮和精力充沛。
People respectively choose jogging, playing basketball, swimming, skating, climbing or riding as their regular exercises becausethese exercises never fail to make us stronger and more energetic.
B. 我保持均衡饮食。（健康）
I keep a balanced diet.
我保持均衡饮食，而且晚上11点之前上床睡觉.
I keep a balanced diet and go to bed before 11 o’clock at night.
我保持均衡饮食，而且晚上11点之前上床睡觉，因为我相信熬夜对身体有害。
I keep a balanced diet and go to bed before 11 o’clock at night, becauseI believe burning the midnight oil is harmful to health.
C. 饮食和睡眠对于身体健康是不可或缺的。（健康）
Diet and sleep are indispensable for physical fitness.
大学生应该重视养成良好的习惯。
University students should put emphasis on good habits.
因为均衡的饮食和充足的睡眠对于身体健康是不可或缺的，大学生应该充分重视养成良好的习惯。
Sinceboth a balanced diet and sufficient sleep are indispensable for physical fitness, university students should put great emphasis on good habits.
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D. 落后地区的贫苦儿童极易辍学。（社会公德）
Poor children in backward areas are likely to become drop-outs.
由于无法承担学费，落后和不发达地区的贫苦儿童极易辍学。
Poor children in backward and underdeveloped areas are likely to become drop-outs becausethey cannot afford the tuition.
E. 中国不可能在教育方面投入巨资。（教育）
China is not likely to invest a huge amount of money in education to aid them.
此外，由于中国是一个发展中国家，不可能在教育方面投入巨资。
Moreover, China is not likely to invest a huge amount of money in education to aid them sinceit is a developing country.
F. 任何国家都无法禁止旅游业。（环境保护）
Tourism could not be banned in any country.
旅游业确实有助于发展经济，因此任何国家都无法禁止旅游业。
Tourism could not be banned in any country asit does help to shore up the economy.
毫无疑问，由于在其他收入很少的地区，旅游业确实有助于发展经济，因此任何国家都无法禁止旅游业。
Undoubtedly, tourism could not be banned in any country as it does help to shore up the economy in places which offer few sources of income.
（2）条件状语从句：if, unless, once
A. 人们发现他们已经被惯坏了。（条件状语从句）
They are found too spoiled.
人们发现他们已经被惯坏了，在困难面前无法足够坚强。
They are found too spoiled to be strong enough in the face of difficulties.
一旦年轻人开始寻求独立并接受来自现实世界的挑战，人们发现他们已经被惯坏了，在困难面前无法足够坚强。
Oncethe young people begin to seek independence and accept challenges from the real world, they are found too spoiled to be strong enough in the face of difficulties.
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B. 这种痴迷将浪费我们的金钱和时间。（流行文化）
The obsession will waste us time and money.
这种痴迷将必定浪费我们大量的金钱和时间，影响我们的工作效率。
The obsession will certainly waste us a great deal of time and money, endangering the efficiency of our work.
如果我们只是靠模仿偶像发型或追逐时尚的方式来崇拜他们，这种痴迷将必定浪费我们大量的金钱和时间，影响我们的工作效率。
Ifwe simply worship the idols by imitating their hairstyle or pursuing fashions unreasonably, the obsession will certainly waste us a great deal of time and money, endangering the efficiency of our work.
C. 我们就会过一种积极的生活。（流行文化）
We will lead a positive life.
如果我们努力提高自己，我们就会过一种积极和收获显著的生活。
We will lead a positive and fruitful life ifwe endeavor to improve ourselves.
相反，如果我们靠弥补我们和榜样之间的差距来努力提高自己，我们就会过一种积极和收获显著的生活。
On the contrary, we will lead a positive and fruitful life if we endeavor to improve ourselves by bridging the gap between our models and us.
D. 他很难保持过去的荣誉。（人生哲理）
He can hardly maintain his past glory.
一旦一个人停止取得进步，他很难保持过去的荣誉。
Once a person stops making progress, he can hardly maintain his past glory.
一旦一个人停止取得进步，他很难保持过去的荣誉，在这个竞争世界中生活下去。
Once a person stops making progress, he can hardly maintain his past glory and survive in this competitive world.
E. 我们仍须为了成功而继续奋斗。（人生哲理）
We still have to strive for success.
我们仍须在我们未来的学业、职业和事业上为了成功而继续奋斗。
We still have to strive for success in our future academic study, employment and career.
如果我们通过了考试，就面临着征服艰巨研究生课程的挑战。我们仍须在我们未来的学业、职业和事业上为了成功而继续奋斗。
Ifwe pass this test and are confronted with the challenge of conquering the difficult graduate courses, we still have to strive for success in our future academic study, employment and career.
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（3）让步状语从句：
although=though, no matter what=whatever
A. 全国人民尽他们所能捐献去帮助那些同胞们。（社会公德）
People all over the country donate whatever they can to help their fellow citizens.
全国人民毫不犹豫地尽他们所能捐献——不管是钱，还是物品——去帮助那些受难的同胞们。
People all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can——beit money or goods——to help their needy fellow citizens.
尽管他们的收入按照国际标准衡量还是处于低水平，但是全国人民毫不犹豫地尽他们所能捐献——不管是钱，还是物品——去帮助那些受难的同胞们。
Althoughtheir incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can——be it money or goods——to help their needy fellow citizens.
3）名词性从句：
（1）宾语从句：that
A. 没人能通过欺诈的言语而生存下去。（职业道德）
By dishonest words no one can survive.
在市场经济体系的激烈竞争中，没人能通过欺诈的言语而生存下去。
By dishonest words no one can survive the intense competition under market economy system.
但这只母鸡及其同类应该知道：在市场经济体系的激烈竞争中，没人能通过欺诈的言语而生存下去。
But the hen and her like should know thatby dishonest words no one can survive the intense competition under market economy system.
（2）同位语从句：that.
神秘的中国文化吸引了各国人民。
People from different countries are attracted to mysterious Chinese culture.
一种文化可以被国际性地接受、尊重、欣赏和分享。
A culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared internationally.
神秘的中国文化吸引了各国人民这一事实，显示了在某种程度上，一种文化可以被国际性地接受、尊重、欣赏和分享。
The fact thatpeople from different countries are attracted to mysterious Chinese culture indicates thatto some extent a culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared internationally.
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补充：同位语：
这朵鲜花和我们的年轻人联系起来。（两代关系）
The flower is associated with young people.
这朵娇弱的鲜花自然和我们的年轻人联系起来。
The delicate flower is naturally associated with young people.
这朵娇弱的鲜花自然和我们的年轻人联系起来，具体而言，就是我们当代社会的独生子女。
The delicate flower is naturally associated with young people, to be specific, the only children in our current society.
偶像崇拜其实是把双刃剑。（流行文化）
Idolatry is a double-edged sword.
偶像崇拜这个发人深思的社会现象，其实是把双刃剑，
Idolatry, the thought-provoking social phenomenon, is a double-edged sword.
因此，偶像崇拜这个发人深思的社会现象，其实是把双刃剑，可以深刻影响青年人成长。
Hence, idolatry, the thought-provoking social phenomenon, is a double-edged sword which can exert profound influence on the growth of young people.
（3）主语从句：that, how, what
唐静老师很英俊是众所周知的。ThatJJ is smart is well-known.张三丰如何习武很神奇。HowZhang Sanfengpractices martial arts is mysterious.（4）表语从句：that他们没能理解的是尊老是中国文化的传统美德。Whatthey fail to understand is thatrespecting the elderly is a traditional virtue of Chinese culture.
3、非谓语动词：1）动名词：do+ing, 动词/名词，主语/宾语
（1）选择是在求职、考研、出国和创业之间徘徊。（教育）
The choice is among finding a job, pursuing postgraduate studies, going abroad or starting one’s own business.
对于大多数学生而言，选择都在求职、考研、出国和创业之间徘徊。
For the vast majority of students, the choice is among finding a job, pursuing postgraduate studies, going abroad or starting one’s own business.
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（2）保持乐观可以鼓励人们去学会获得智慧。（人生哲理）
Keeping optimistic encourages people to learn wisdom.
保持乐观可以鼓励人们去学会获得智慧，因此是个人性格培养过程中的重要组成部分。
Keeping optimistic encourages people to learn wisdom, and is a crucial aspect of any individual’s development of character.
总之，保持乐观可以鼓励人们去学会获得智慧、博爱和自信，因此是个人性格和能力的培养过程中不可缺少的重要组成部分。
In conclusion, keeping optimistic encourages people to learn wisdom, humanity and self-confidence, and is a crucial and unavoidable aspect of any individual’s development of character and competence.
2）不定式：to+动词原形
（1）我们需要保持乐观的心态。（人生哲理）
We need to maintain an optimistic mentality.
在逆境中，我们需要保持一种乐观的心态来经历人生的痛苦。
In adversity, we need to maintain an optimistic mentality to pull through life’s pain.
尤其在逆境中，我们需要保持一种乐观的心态来经历人生的痛苦悲伤、迂回曲折。
Especially in adversity, we need to maintain an optimistic mentality to pull through life’s pain and sorrow, twists and turns.
（2）他们的目的是欺骗公众。（职业道德）
Their intention is to deceive the public.
他们目的是披上华丽的外衣以便取悦并欺骗公众。
Their intention is to put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.
事实上，他们做这种承诺的目的只是披上华丽的外衣以便取悦并欺骗公众。
As a matter of fact, their intention to make such commitments is nothing but to put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.
3、分词：现在分词/过去分词，do+ing/do+ed
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1）学生应该考虑很多因素。（教育）
Students should consider a variety of factors.
在做决定的时候，学生应该考虑很多因素。
When making this decision, students should consider a variety of factors.
在做决定的时候，学生应该考虑很多因素，包括个人偏好、经济状况及职业计划。
When making this decision, students should consider a variety of factors, including their personal preferences, financial status and career plans.
2）竞争变得日益激烈。（人生哲理）
Competition goes increasingly fierce.
由于生活节奏的加快，各行各业的竞争变得日益激烈。
Owing to the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly fierce in all walks of life.
由于生活节奏的加快，各行各业的竞争变得日益激烈，激励每个人追求一个又一个的目标。
Owing to the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly fierce in all walks of life, stimulating everyone to pursue one goal after another.
3）旅游业是经济发展的引擎。（环境保护）
Tourism serves as an engine of economic growth.
有些人似乎忽视了其对环境的负面影响。
Some people seem to ignore its negative effects on the environment.
有些人认为旅游业是经济发展的引擎，似乎忽视了其对环境的负面影响。
Some people, laboring under the belief that tourism serves as an engine of economic growth, seem to ignore its negative effects on the environment. 4、独立主格结构：时间允许的话，明天我就去青城山。Time permitting, I will go to Mount Qingchengtommorrow.（三）写信息量大的句子：姓名：唐静，年龄：25，出生地：重庆，大学：四川外国语大学，专业：英语，爱好：读书Born in Chongqing, Tang Jing, a 25-year-old man who is an outstanding student from Sichuan International Studies University majoring in English, loves reading.
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英文句子结构：介词短语，不定式短语，现在分词短语，过去分词短语，状语，主语+定语+谓语+宾语+定语+状语。
1）我们可以在公交车上把座位让给老年人。（社会公德）
We may give up our seats on the bus to the elderly.
我们可以父母退休之后邀请他们和我们同住。
We may invite our parents to live with us while they retire.
例如，我们可以在公交车上把座位让给老年人，父母退休之后邀请他们和我们同住，并且聆听他们有关生活和工作的建议。
It can be exemplified by giving up our seats on the bus to the elderly, by inviting our parents to live with us while they retire, and listening to their advice about life and work.
2）管理部门保证履行职责。（职业道德）
Administration departments assure to perform their tasks.
管理部门保证公正有效地履行指责。
Administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly
管理部门保证不接受任何贿赂，公正有效地履行指责。
Administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes.
3）大学生有可能做出最优的选择。（教育）
Students can improve their chances of making an optimal choice.
大学生综合考虑个人偏好、经济状况及职业目标，就更有可能做出最优的选择。With due consideration of personal preferences, financial status and career goals, students can improve their chances of making an optimal choice.
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4）文化融合应鼓励和保持。（中西文化）
Cultural blending should be encouraged and maintained.
画家的目的是告诉我们文化融合应鼓励和保持。
The purpose of the cartoonist is to show us cultural blending should be encouraged and maintained.
画家的目的是告诉我们文化融合并未过时或失去价值，相反还应鼓励和保持。
The purpose of the cartoonist is to show us that instead of being outdated and of little value in a rapidly modernizing world, cultural blending should be encouraged and maintained.
5）人们拥有生理或心理问题。（健康）
People suffer either physical or mental problems.
越来越多的人开始拥有生理或心理问题。
People in mounting numbers are suffering either physical or mental problems.
随着都市生活节奏的加快和压力的不断增加，越来越多的人开始拥有生理或心理问题。With the quickening pace of urban life and ever-increasing pressure, people in mounting numbers are suffering either physical or mental problems.
（四）考研写作四大优秀句型：
1、强调句：
只有长期学习才有助于我们掌握大的词汇量。
It is persistent work thatis conducive to grasping a considerable vocabulary.
2、倒装句：
1）年轻人能够培养个性和能力。（人生哲理）
Young people can cultivate personality and ability.
只有经历更多的挑战和磨练，年轻人才能培养强大的个性和能力。
Onlyby undergoing more challenges and toils in adversity can young people cultivate strong personality and ability.
只有经历更多的挑战和磨练，年轻人才能培养强大的个性和能力，而且只有这样他们才能成为这个竞争世界的强者。
Only by undergoing more challenges and toils in adversity can young people cultivate strong personality and ability, and only in this way can they become winners in this competitive world.
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2）我们必须重视建立一个公共教育体系。（社会公德）
We must lay emphasis on the significance of establishing a public education system.
更重要的是，只有更加重视建立一个有更多资助的公共教育体系，我们才能确保实现中国所有孩子们的希望。
More importantly, onlyby laying greater emphasis on the significance of establishing a better funded public education system can we guarantee the realization of the hopes of all the children in China.
3、虚拟语气：
早就该提高人们的意识了。（环境保护）
It is high time that weenhanced people's awareness.
我们早就该提高人们的意识来改进这个现状了。
It is high time that weenhanced people's awarenessto rectify this.
通过考虑环境保护因素，我们早就该提高人们的意识来改进这个现状了。
It is high time that weenhanced people's awarenessto rectify this by taking the environmental protection into consideration.
4、平行排比：文化融合的将来会更明朗。（中西文化）
The future of cultural blending looks brighter.
由于商业努力、政府支持和海外兴趣，文化融合的将来会更明朗。
As a consequence of commercialization efforts, government support and interests overseas, the future of cultural blending looks brighter
由于成功的商业努力、政府坚定不移的支持和不断增长的海外兴趣，文化融合的将来会比过去任何时候更明朗、更安全。
As a consequence of successful commercialization efforts, unwavering government support and growing interests overseas, the future of cultural blending looks brighter and more secure than ever before.
（五）扩充简单句：我们在唱歌。
We, students from New Oriental School, the best training school in Beijing, which is the capital of China, the great country in the world, are singing a pop song named Nideyangzisung by LuoDayou, who is the favorite singer of Wang Jiangtao, after we played Majiangthe whole night. (50 words)
