Wagtail 教程系列 记录了基于 Wagtail 搭建博客站点的整个过程，博客站点 所呈现的即是搭建过程的最新效果。
更多 Wagtail 内容：https://slowread.cn/wagtail-tutorials
博客列表和文章正文
- 执行 python manage.py startapp blog 创建 blog app.
- 编辑 slowread/settings/base.py 在 INSTALLED_APPS 中添加 blog app.
博客列表实现
编辑 blog/models.py 添加以下内容：
from wagtail.core.models import Page
from wagtail.core.fields import RichTextField
from wagtail.admin.edit_handlers import FieldPanel
class BlogIndexPage(Page):
intro = RichTextField(blank=True)
content_panels = Page.content_panels + [
FieldPanel('intro', classname="full")
]
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执行 python manage.py makemigrations && python manage.py migrate
因为模型名字为BlogIndexPage，因此模板文件的名字就成了blog/templates/blog/blog_index_page.html，模板文件内容如下：
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% load wagtailcore_tags %}
{% block body_class %}template-blogindexpage{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h1>{{ page.title }}</h1>
<div class="intro">{{ page.intro|richtext }}</div>
{% for post in page.get_children %}
<h2><a href="{% pageurl post %}">{{ post.title }}</a></h2>
{{ post.specific.intro }}
{{ post.specific.body|richtext }}
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}
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博客正文实现
编辑 blog/models.py 添加以下内容：
from django.db import models
from wagtail.core.models import Page
from wagtail.core.fields import RichTextField
from wagtail.admin.edit_handlers import FieldPanel
from wagtail.search import index
# Keep the definition of BlogIndexPage, and add:
class BlogPage(Page):
date = models.DateField("Post date")
intro = models.CharField(max_length=250)
body = RichTextField(blank=True)
search_fields = Page.search_fields + [
index.SearchField('intro'),
index.SearchField('body'),
]
content_panels = Page.content_panels + [
FieldPanel('date'),
FieldPanel('intro'),
FieldPanel('body', classname="full"),
]
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执行 python manage.py makemigrations && python manage.py migrate.
新建模板文件 blog/templates/blog/blog_page.html ,内容如下：
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% load wagtailcore_tags %}
{% block body_class %}template-blogpage{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h1>{{ page.title }}</h1>
<p class="meta">{{ page.date }}</p>
<div class="intro">{{ page.intro }}</div>
{{ page.body|richtext }}
<p><a href="{{ page.get_parent.url }}">Return to blog</a></p>
{% endblock %}
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查看效果
进入 Wagtail 管理后台：
- 选择 页面，Home，添加子页面，Blog index page，编辑博客列表标题，发布；
- 选择 页面，Home，点击上一步创建的 Blog index page 最右侧右箭头，添加子页面，选择 Blog page，编辑博客文章内容，发布；重复几次发布几篇不同文章；
打开 http://127.0.0.1:8000/blog ，查看效果。
一点改进
- 博客文章列表根据创建时间倒叙排列。
- 只显示发布的文章。
编辑 blog/models.py ，修改以下相应内容：
class BlogIndexPage(Page):
intro = RichTextField(blank=True)
def get_context(self, request):
# Update context to include only published posts, ordered by reverse-chron
context = super().get_context(request)
blogpages = self.get_children().live().order_by('-first_published_at')
context['blogpages'] = blogpages
return context
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编辑 blog/templates/blog/blog_index_page.html，修改 {% for post in page.get_children %} 为 {% for post in blogpages %}。
现在，可以在管理后台撤销发布一篇文章，查看效果。
图像
编辑 blog/models.py 添加 BlogPageGalleryImage model，内容如下：
from django.db import models
# New imports added for ParentalKey, Orderable, InlinePanel, ImageChooserPanel
from modelcluster.fields import ParentalKey
from wagtail.core.models import Page, Orderable
from wagtail.core.fields import RichTextField
from wagtail.admin.edit_handlers import FieldPanel, InlinePanel
from wagtail.images.edit_handlers import ImageChooserPanel
from wagtail.search import index
# ... (Keep the definition of BlogIndexPage, and update BlogPage:)
class BlogPage(Page):
date = models.DateField("Post date")
intro = models.CharField(max_length=250)
body = RichTextField(blank=True)
search_fields = Page.search_fields + [
index.SearchField('intro'),
index.SearchField('body'),
]
content_panels = Page.content_panels + [
FieldPanel('date'),
FieldPanel('intro'),
FieldPanel('body', classname="full"),
InlinePanel('gallery_images', label="Gallery images"),
]
class BlogPageGalleryImage(Orderable):
page = ParentalKey(BlogPage, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='gallery_images')
image = models.ForeignKey(
'wagtailimages.Image', on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='+'
)
caption = models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=250)
panels = [
ImageChooserPanel('image'),
FieldPanel('caption'),
]
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执行 python manage.py makemigrations && python manage.py migrate.
编辑博客文章页面模板文件 blog/templates/blog/blog_page.html ,内容如下：
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% load wagtailcore_tags wagtailimages_tags %}
{% block body_class %}template-blogpage{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h1>{{ page.title }}</h1>
<p class="meta">{{ page.date }}</p>
<div class="intro">{{ page.intro }}</div>
{{ page.body|richtext }}
{% for item in page.gallery_images.all %}
<div style="float: left; margin: 10px">
{% image item.image fill-320x240 %}
<p>{{ item.caption }}</p>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<p><a href="{{ page.get_parent.url }}">Return to blog</a></p>
{% endblock %}
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现在，可以在管理后台，编辑一篇文章，增加图片内容，然后发布，查看效果。
再次改进博客列表显示效果，编辑 blog/models.py 修改 BlogPage model 为下面内容：
class BlogPage(Page):
date = models.DateField("Post date")
intro = models.CharField(max_length=250)
body = RichTextField(blank=True)
def main_image(self):
gallery_item = self.gallery_images.first()
if gallery_item:
return gallery_item.image
else:
return None
search_fields = Page.search_fields + [
index.SearchField('intro'),
index.SearchField('body'),
]
content_panels = Page.content_panels + [
FieldPanel('date'),
FieldPanel('intro'),
FieldPanel('body', classname="full"),
InlinePanel('gallery_images', label="Gallery images"),
]
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编辑博客文章页面模板文件 blog/templates/blog/blog_index_page.html ,内容如下：
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% load wagtailcore_tags wagtailimages_tags %}
{% block body_class %}template-blogindexpage{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h1>{{ page.title }}</h1>
<div class="intro">{{ page.intro|richtext }}</div>
{% for post in blogpages %}
{% with post=post.specific %}
<h2><a href="{% pageurl post %}">{{ post.title }}</a></h2>
{% with post.main_image as main_image %}
{% if main_image %}{% image main_image fill-160x100 %}{% endif %}
{% endwith %}
<p>{{ post.intro }}</p>
{{ post.body|richtext }}
{% endwith %}
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}
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查看效果，包含图像的文章在博客列表页面增加了缩略图显示。
标签
再次修改 blog/models.py , 增加/修改以下相应内容:
from django.db import models
# New imports added for ClusterTaggableManager, TaggedItemBase, MultiFieldPanel
from modelcluster.fields import ParentalKey
from modelcluster.contrib.taggit import ClusterTaggableManager
from taggit.models import TaggedItemBase
from wagtail.core.models import Page, Orderable
from wagtail.core.fields import RichTextField
from wagtail.admin.edit_handlers import FieldPanel, InlinePanel, MultiFieldPanel
from wagtail.images.edit_handlers import ImageChooserPanel
from wagtail.search import index
# ... (Keep the definition of BlogIndexPage)
class BlogPageTag(TaggedItemBase):
content_object = ParentalKey(
'BlogPage',
related_name='tagged_items',
on_delete=models.CASCADE
)
class BlogPage(Page):
date = models.DateField("Post date")
intro = models.CharField(max_length=250)
body = RichTextField(blank=True)
tags = ClusterTaggableManager(through=BlogPageTag, blank=True)
# ... (Keep the main_image method and search_fields definition)
content_panels = Page.content_panels + [
MultiFieldPanel([
FieldPanel('date'),
FieldPanel('tags'),
], heading="Blog information"),
FieldPanel('intro'),
FieldPanel('body'),
InlinePanel('gallery_images', label="Gallery images"),
]
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执行 python manage.py makemigrations && python manage.py migrate.
进入管理后台，编辑部分博客文章，增加自定义标签。
编辑博客文章页面模板文件 blog/templates/blog/blog_page.html ,在文件最后增加如下内容：
{% if page.tags.all.count %}
<div class="tags">
<h3>标签</h3>
{% for tag in page.tags.all %}
<a href="{% slugurl 'tags' %}?tag={{ tag }}"><button type="button">{{ tag }}</button></a>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endif %}
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修改 blog/models.py , 增加 BlogTagIndexPage model，内容如下:
class BlogTagIndexPage(Page):
def get_context(self, request):
# Filter by tag
tag = request.GET.get('tag')
blogpages = BlogPage.objects.filter(tags__name=tag)
# Update template context
context = super().get_context(request)
context['blogpages'] = blogpages
return context
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执行 python manage.py makemigrations && python manage.py migrate.
进入管理后台，在 Home 页面下，增加 Blog tag index page 类型的子页面，名字为 标签，推荐中缩略名为 tags。
新建对应标签页的页面模板文件 blog/blog_tag_index_page.html，内容如下：
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% load wagtailcore_tags %}
{% block content %}
{% if request.GET.tag|length %}
<h4>Showing pages tagged "{{ request.GET.tag }}"</h4>
{% endif %}
{% for blogpage in blogpages %}
<p>
<strong><a href="{% pageurl blogpage %}">{{ blogpage.title }}</a></strong><br />
<small>Revised: {{ blogpage.latest_revision_created_at }}</small><br />
{% if blogpage.author %}
<p>By {{ blogpage.author.profile }}</p>
{% endif %}
</p>
{% empty %}
No pages found with that tag.
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}
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打开 http://127.0.0.1:8000/blog/ ，查看效果。
更多 Wagtail 内容：https://slowread.net/tags/?tag=Wagtail
