IntelliJ IDEA 是很好的 IDE, 但是免费的社区版不直接支持开发 Web 项目。所以需要自己配置。
网上大多是教程都是用 Maven 和 jetty 来配置。我刚学 JAVA。因此直接从 Gradle 上手配置了。
这里直接用写一个 Servlet 的 Helloworld,记录下踩过的坑,让后来的人少走弯路。
在这之前请自行安装 Gradle 并使其能全局运行。了解基本的 Gradle 的概念。本文默认读者会使用 Gradle。
下载安装 IntelliJ IDEA Community
https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/
新建项目
1.用 Gradle 新建项目
项目目录下,命令行运行
gradle init --type java-library
2.编辑 build.gradle
这是我的配置
/*
* This build file was auto generated by running the Gradle 'init' task
* by 'Yang' at '16-9-18 下午5:48' with Gradle 3.0
*
* This generated file contains a sample Java project to get you started.
* For more details take a look at the Java Quickstart chapter in the Gradle
* user guide available at https://docs.gradle.org/3.0/userguide/tutorial_java_projects.html
*/
// Tomcat 需要
buildscript {
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
classpath "com.bmuschko:gradle-tomcat-plugin:2.2.3"
}
}
// 要使用的插件,看名字应该知道什么作用
// Apply the java plugin to add support for Java
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'war'
apply plugin: "com.bmuschko.tomcat"
// In this section you declare where to find the dependencies of your project
repositories {
// Use 'jcenter' for resolving your dependencies.
// You can declare any Maven/Ivy/file repository here.
// jcenter()
// maven 的仓库
mavenCentral()
}
// In this section you declare the dependencies for your production and test code
dependencies {
// The production code uses the SLF4J logging API at compile time
compile 'org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.21'
// 依赖 servlet
compile group: 'javax.servlet', name: 'javax.servlet-api', version: '3.0.1'
// Declare the dependency for your favourite test framework you want to use in your tests.
// TestNG is also supported by the Gradle Test task. Just change the
// testCompile dependency to testCompile 'org.testng:testng:6.8.1' and add
// 'test.useTestNG()' to your build script.
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
// 配置 Tomcat 插件
def tomcatVersion = '8.0.27'
tomcat "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:${tomcatVersion}",
"org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-logging-juli:${tomcatVersion}",
"org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper:${tomcatVersion}"
}
// Tomcat 配置
// Tomcat 配置tomcatRun.contextPath = 'testa/'
tomcatRunWar.contextPath = 'teats/'
3.运行命令
注意第一次使用 gradlew 命令,可能会很慢,但是配置 gradlew 仍然有必要。因为后面 idea 运行 Tomcat 会使用这个命令。
你可以在 gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties 中配置一下使用本地文件加快速度。
配置离线工作也可加快速度
File > Settings > Build, Execution & Deployment > Compiler > Compiler
and de-select Configure on demand
The above still uses data but is faster, I was able to load images and maps. However, in addition, if >you want to be completely offline, you need to do the following:
File -> Settings ->Build, Execution,Deployment -> Build Tools -> Gradle ->
check Offline work
试试有没有配置成功
gradlew build # 编译项目
gradlew tasks # 查看任务
4.创建 idea 项目文件
gradlew idea
如果之后项目更新了依赖,可以运行下面的命令同步到 idea
gradlew cleanIdea
5.用 Idea 打开项目
直接用 idea 打开 ipr 文件
按 alt + 1 可以显示文件导航侧栏
配置调试环境
1.配置远程调试
进入运行配置界面
点击 + remote
写一个名字,其他直接默认就好。可以把第一行参数复制出来下一步使用,即:
-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=5005
2.配置 Tomcat 运行
同上步骤,进入运行配置界面
点击 + Gradle
第一行根据自己项目填写 gradle build 的位置
第二行输入 tomcatRun
第三行填上一个步骤复制下来的参数。
编写 Helloworld
package main.java;
/*
* This Java source file was auto generated by running 'gradle buildInit --type java-library'
* by 'Yang' at '16-9-18 下午5:48' with Gradle 3.0
*
* @author Yang, @date 16-9-18 下午5:48
*/
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;
@WebServlet("/")
public class Library extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
Writer writer = resp.getWriter();
writer.write("HelloWorld!");
writer.flush();
writer.close();
super.doGet(req, resp);
}
}
运行调试
1.运行
这里注意 src/main 下面必须有 webapp 目录,空目录都要。不然访问会出现 404 错误
2.调试
选择之前配置的远程 debug 配置
打断点
重新访问查看调试结果
参考
1.http://yukinami.github.io/2015/07/29/gradle-tomcat-plugin-404/
2.http://www.cnblogs.com/woshimrf/p/5779811.html
3.http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18158034/how-to-setup-android-studio-to-work-completely-offline
4.http://www.cnblogs.com/huang0925/p/3458507.html