Elementary Rule 10. Use the proper case of pronoun

1. The personal pronouns, as well as the pronoun who, change form as they function as subject or object. （根据指代的是主语还是宾语，人称代词要使用正确的所有格）

Will Jane or he be hired, do you think?

The culprit, it turned out, was he.（不能用him，此处was后是补语，而非宾语：He was the culprit）

We heavy eaters would rather walk than ride.

Who knocks?

Give this work to whoever looks idle.

2. When who introduces a subordinate clause, its case depends on its function in that clause. （当who引出一个附属从句，其所有格由它在从句中扮演主语还是宾语决定）

Virgil Soames is the candidate whom we think will win. （充当主语，应该用who）

Virgil Soames is the candidate who we hope to elect. （充当宾语，应该用whom）

3. A pronoun in a comparison is nominative if it is the subject of a stated or understood verb （在存在对比的句子中，如果代名词是动词的主语，应当用主格）

Sandy writes better than I.

In general, avoid "understood" verbs by supplying them. （通常情况下，补全对比语中的动词）

I think Horace admires Jessica more than I. 

I think Horace admires Jessica more than I do.

Polly loves cake more than me. 

Polly loves cake more than she loves me.

4. Use the simple personal pronoun as a subject. （用简单的代名词做主语）

Blake and myself stayed home. 

Blake and I stayed home.

5. The possessive case of pronouns is used to show ownership. It has two forms: the adjectival modifier, your hat, and the noun form, a hat of yours. （代名词有形容词和名词两个格式）

The dog has buried one of your gloves and one of mine in the flower bed.

6. Gerunds usually require the possessive case.（动名词前通常使用代词的所有格形式）

Mother objected to our driving on the icy roads.

7. A present participle as a verbal, on the other hand, takes the objective case.（动词的现在分词之前使用代词的宾格）

They heard him singing in the shower.

现在分词和动名词的区别：

Do you mind me asking a question? （me是重点，asking表示现在分词）

Do you mind my asking a question?（asking是重点，是动名词）

Elementary Rule 11. A participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence must refer to the grammatical subject. （句子起始的分词短语必需以主句的主语为主语）

Walking slowly down the road, he saw a woman accompanied by two children.

该句中，是he在Walking。

Participial phrases preceded by a conjunction or by a preposition, nouns in apposition, adjectives, and adjective phrases come under the same rule if they begin the sentence.（但一句话之前存在连词，介词，名词的同位语，形容词，形容词词组介导的分词词组时，应当与主句的主语保持一致）

以下例句中黑体表示正确的写法：

On arriving in Chicago, his friends met him at the station.

On arriving in Chicago, he was met at the station by his friends.

A soldier of proved valor, they entrusted him with the defense of the city.

A soldier of proved valor, he was entrusted with the defense of the city.

Young and inexperienced, the task seemed easy to me.

Young and inexperienced, I thought the task easy.

Without a friend to counsel him, the temptation proved irresistible.

Without a friend to counsel him, he found the temptation irresistible.

如果违背规则11，一句话会显得很滑稽，荒唐，即俗话说的前言不搭后语：

Being in a dilapidated （荒废的，破旧的，主语是house） condition, I was able to buy the house very cheap.

Wondering irresolutely（优柔寡断地，主语是某人） what to do next, the clock struck twelve.