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关于写excel的格式控制，比如颜色等等
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<pre style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;"> 1 import xlwt 2 from datetime import datetime 3
4 font0 = xlwt.Font() 5 font0.name = 'Times New Roman'
6 font0.colour_index = 2
7 font0.bold = True 8
9 style0 = xlwt.XFStyle() 10 style0.font = font0 11
12 style1 = xlwt.XFStyle() 13 style1.num_format_str = 'D-MMM-YY'
14
15 wb = xlwt.Workbook() 16 ws = wb.add_sheet('A Test Sheet') 17
18 ws.write(0, 0, 'Test', style0) 19 ws.write(1, 0, datetime.now(), style1) 20 ws.write(2, 0, 1) 21 ws.write(2, 1, 1) 22 ws.write(2, 2, xlwt.Formula("A3+B3")) 23
24 wb.save('example.xls')</pre>
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Examples Generating Excel Documents Using Python’s xlwt
Here are some simple examples using Python’s xlwt library to dynamically generate Excel documents.
Please note a useful alternative may be ezodf, which allows you to generate ODS (Open Document Spreadsheet) files for LibreOffice / OpenOffice. You can check them out at:http://packages.python.org/ezodf/index.html
The Simplest Example
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii') worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, label = 'Row 0, Column 0 Value') workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Formatting the Contents of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii') worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet') font = xlwt.Font() # Create the Font font.name = 'Times New Roman' font.bold = True font.underline = True font.italic = True style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Style style.font = font # Apply the Font to the Style worksheet.write(0, 0, label = 'Unformatted value') worksheet.write(1, 0, label = 'Formatted value', style) # Apply the Style to the Cell workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Attributes of the Font Object
font.bold = True # May be: True, False font.italic = True # May be: True, False font.struck_out = True # May be: True, False font.underline = xlwt.Font.UNDERLINE_SINGLE # May be: UNDERLINE_NONE, UNDERLINE_SINGLE, UNDERLINE_SINGLE_ACC, UNDERLINE_DOUBLE, UNDERLINE_DOUBLE_ACC font.escapement = xlwt.Font.ESCAPEMENT_SUPERSCRIPT # May be: ESCAPEMENT_NONE, ESCAPEMENT_SUPERSCRIPT, ESCAPEMENT_SUBSCRIPT font.family = xlwt.Font.FAMILY_ROMAN # May be: FAMILY_NONE, FAMILY_ROMAN, FAMILY_SWISS, FAMILY_MODERN, FAMILY_SCRIPT, FAMILY_DECORATIVE font.charset = xlwt.Font.CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN # May be: CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN, CHARSET_SYS_DEFAULT, CHARSET_SYMBOL, CHARSET_APPLE_ROMAN, CHARSET_ANSI_JAP_SHIFT_JIS, CHARSET_ANSI_KOR_HANGUL, CHARSET_ANSI_KOR_JOHAB, CHARSET_ANSI_CHINESE_GBK, CHARSET_ANSI_CHINESE_BIG5, CHARSET_ANSI_GREEK, CHARSET_ANSI_TURKISH, CHARSET_ANSI_VIETNAMESE, CHARSET_ANSI_HEBREW, CHARSET_ANSI_ARABIC, CHARSET_ANSI_BALTIC, CHARSET_ANSI_CYRILLIC, CHARSET_ANSI_THAI, CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN_II, CHARSET_OEM_LATIN_I font.colour_index = ? font.get_biff_record = ? font.height = 0x00C8 # C8 in Hex (in decimal) = 10 points in height. font.name = ? font.outline = ? font.shadow = ?
Setting the Width of a Cell
import xltw workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, 'My Cell Contents') worksheet.col(0).width = 3333 # 3333 = 1" (one inch). workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Entering a Date into a Cell
import xlwt import datetime workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') style = xlwt.XFStyle() style.num_format_str = 'M/D/YY' # Other options: D-MMM-YY, D-MMM, MMM-YY, h:mm, h:mm:ss, h:mm, h:mm:ss, M/D/YY h:mm, mm:ss, [h]:mm:ss, mm:ss.0 worksheet.write(0, 0, datetime.datetime.now(), style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Adding a Formula to a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, 5) # Outputs 5 worksheet.write(0, 1, 2) # Outputs 2 worksheet.write(1, 0, xlwt.Formula('A1*B1')) # Should output "10" (A1[5] * A2[2]) worksheet.write(1, 1, xlwt.Formula('SUM(A1,B1)')) # Should output "7" (A1[5] + A2[2]) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Adding a Hyperlink to a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("http://www.google.com";"Google")')) # Outputs the text "Google" linking to http://www.google.com workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Merging Columns and Rows
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, 'First Merge') # Merges row 0's columns 0 through 3. font = xlwt.Font() # Create Font font.bold = True # Set font to Bold style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.font = font # Add Bold Font to Style worksheet.write_merge(1, 2, 0, 3, 'Second Merge', style) # Merges row 1 through 2's columns 0 through 3. workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Setting the Alignment for the Contents of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # Create Alignment alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER # May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER # May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.alignment = alignment # Add Alignment to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Adding Borders to a Cell
# Please note: While I was able to find these constants within the source code, on my system (using LibreOffice,) I was only presented with a solid line, varying from thin to thick; no dotted or dashed lines. import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED # May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D. borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.left_colour = 0x40 borders.right_colour = 0x40 borders.top_colour = 0x40 borders.bottom_colour = 0x40 style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Setting the Background Color of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12 pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # May be: 8 through 63\. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on... style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
TODO: Things Left to Document
`- Panes -- separate views which are always in view
- Border Colors (documented above, but not taking effect as it should)
- Border Widths (document above, but not working as expected)
- Protection
- Row Styles
- Zoom / Manification
- WS Props?
Source Code for reference available at: https://secure.simplistix.co.uk/svn/xlwt/trunk/xlwt/`
