什么是多线程？多线程与一般的程序不同，一般的程序都是单线顺序执行的，而多线程则是多个程序同时执行。一般的程序就是一个干十个人的活，而多线程则是十个人干十个人的活；

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• 多线程的两种实现方法
  package code;

  public class Textthread {
  
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Thread coding = new Coding();
    Thread print = new Thread(new Print());
    
    coding.start();
    print.start();
    System.out.println("你好啊");
    
   }
  }
  
  class Coding extends Thread {
  public void run() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
        System.out.println("小明打了" + i + "行代码");
        try {
            Thread.sleep(2);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
  }
  }
  
  class Print implements Runnable {
     public void run() {
      long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
         for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
           System.out.println("小明打印了" + i + "页材料");
              try {
                  Thread.sleep(2);
              } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
          }
          long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
     System.out.println("共用时" + (endTime -startTime) + "ms");
  }
   }
  

• 线程的等待

         public class ProducerAndConsumer {
  
            public static void main(String[] args) {
                 Box box = new Box();
                 Thread producer = new Producer(box);
                 Thread consumer = new Consumer(box);
                 producer.start();
                consumer.start();
             }
         }
  
         class Box{
            public int boxValue = 0;
       }
  
  class Producer extends Thread{
      Box box;
      public Producer(Box box){
          this.box = box;
      }
      public void run(){
          for(int i = 1; i<6; i++){
             synchronized(box){
               while(box.boxValue!=0){
                  System.out.println("Producer: 盒子非空，进入等待队列");
                   try {
                      box.wait();
                  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                       e.printStackTrace();
                  }
              }
              box.boxValue = i;
              System.out.println("盒子中放入了"+i+",并通知其他等待者");
               box.notify();
             }
           }
      }
   }
  
  
  class Consumer extends Thread{
        Box box;
      public Consumer(Box box){
          this.box = box;
      }
      public void run(){
          for(int i = 1; i<6; i++){
             synchronized(box){
              while(box.boxValue==0){
                  System.out.println("Consumer: 盒子为空，进入等待队列");
                   try {
                      box.wait();
                   } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  }
              }
              box.boxValue -= i;
              System.out.println("从盒子取出了"+i+",并通知其他等待者");
               box.notify();
            }
          }
      }
  }
  

• 锁的实现
  public class ThreadAccount {

       public static void main(String[] args) {
           BankAccount account = new BankAccount();
    Thread husband = new BankThread(account);
    Thread wife = new BankThread(account);
    husband.start();
    wife.start();
    
       }
   }
  
  
  class BankAccount {
       private double balance = 1000;
       public boolean isSuccess(double add){
           if(add<=0){
               return false;
           }else{
               synchronized(this){
                   System.out.println("当前的余额为："+balance);
                  try {
                      Thread.sleep(3);
                   } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                       e.printStackTrace();
                  }
                 balance += add;
                   System.out.println("新的余额为:"+balance);
               }
               return true;
           }
      }
   }
  class BankThread extends Thread{
      BankAccount account;
      public BankThread(BankAccount account){
          this.account = account;
      }
      public void run(){
          account.isSuccess(200);
      }
  }
  

• 死锁

  public class DeadLock {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          Object lock1 = new Object();
          Object lock2 = new Object();
          Thread thread1 = new ThreadA(lock1,lock2);
          Thread thread2 = new ThreadB(lock1,lock2);
           thread1.start();
           thread2.start();
       }
  }
  
  class ThreadA extends Thread{
       Object lock1;
       Object lock2;
       public ThreadA(Object lock1, Object lock2){
           this.lock1 = lock1;
          this.lock2 = lock2;
      }
      public void run(){
          synchronized(lock1){
               System.out.println("A拿到了lock1");
               try {
                  Thread.sleep(3);
              } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
               }
              synchronized(lock2){
                   System.out.println("A拿到了lock1和lock2");
              }
          }
      }
  }
  
  
  
  class ThreadB extends Thread{
      Object lock1;
      Object lock2;
      public ThreadB(Object lock1, Object lock2){
          this.lock1 = lock1;
          this.lock2 = lock2;
      }
      public void run(){
          synchronized(lock2){
              System.out.println("B拿到了lock2");
              try {
                  Thread.sleep(3);
              } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
              synchronized(lock1){
                   System.out.println("B拿到了lock1和lock2");
              }
         }
       }
  }