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* 推荐的阅读的方法是:先原文,适当看解析阅读,还有疑惑再看双语对照。
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* 本篇文章难度系数8.4,由《小仙英语伴读》人工智能难度分析系统提供评分。
Why do your muscles only hurt the next day after you work out and not the same day?
【译】为什么你的肌肉只在锻炼后的第二天疼,而不是当天?
【单词】muscles 原型:muscle ['muhs-uhl]['mʌsl] n. 肌肉
【单词】hurt [hurt][hɜːt] vt. 损害;伤害;使疼痛 vi. 疼痛;造成损失
There are a lot of theories - sheering forces, lactate buildup, "repairing"
【译】有很多相关的理论——剪切力,乳酸累积,“修复”
【单词】sheering [sheer][ʃɪə] adj. 极轻薄的;陡峭的;全然的
【单词】lactate ['lak-teyt][læk'teɪt] vi. 分泌乳汁 n. 乳酸盐
【单词】buildup ['bild-uhp]['bɪldˌʌp] n. 集结;增长;树立名誉
【单词】repairing 原型:repair [ri-'pair][rɪ'peə] v. 修理;修补;补救;赴;去 n. 修理;修补;补救;维修工作;维修状态
- all of it not supported by evidence.
【译】-但所有这些都没有足够的证据支持。
We know that it happens when we do an exercise that we aren't used to, that trained people rarely get it, and that it has no predictive value of how good you worked the muscle out.
【译】我们知道,当我们做一项我们不习惯的运动时,就会发生这种情况,训练有素的人很少会这样,并且这种情况对你锻炼肌肉的效果没有预测价值。
【单词】happens 原型:happen ['hap-uhn]['hæpən] vi. 发生;碰巧;出现;偶遇
【单词】exercise ['ek-ser-sahyz]['eksəsaɪz] n. 运动;练习;作业 vt. 运用 vi. 锻炼
【单词】trained 原型:train [treyn][treɪn] vt. 训练;培训;瞄准 vi. 进行锻炼,接收训练;练习
【单词】rarely ['rair-lee]['reəli] adv. 很少;难得
【单词】predictive [pri-'dik-tiv][prɪ'dɪktɪv] adj. 预言的;预兆的;预测的
It's called "Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness", and guys and girls both get it.
【译】这叫做“迟发性肌肉酸痛”,男人和女孩都会。
【单词】Delayed 原型:delay [dih-'ley][dɪ'leɪ] v. 耽搁;推迟;延误
【单词】guys 原型:guy [gahy][ɡaɪ] n. 家伙;(男)人
【单词】Onset ['on-set, 'awn-]['ɒnset] n. 攻击;进攻;开始
【单词】soreness n. 痛苦
It's actually not too well understood why it's delayed.
【译】实际上人们至今还没太明白为什么会有这个延迟。
If you really work a new muscle HARD, it could even take 48 hours before feeling sore.
【译】如果你真的努力锻炼一块新的肌肉,它甚至可能需要48小时才会感到酸痛。
【单词】sore [sawr, sohr][sɔː] adj. 疼痛的;痛心的;恼火的;严重的
【专有名词】HARD [hahrd][hɑːd] adv. 努力地;强烈地;严重地;坚定地
If you feel sore before 12 hours after a workout, you could actually have an injury.
【译】如果你在运动后12小时前感到酸痛,实际上你可能受伤了。
【单词】workout ['wurk-out]['wɜːkaʊt] n. 健身;练习;考验
【单词】injury ['in-juh-ree]['ɪndʒəri] n. 伤害;损害
As others have said, we don't exactly know.
【译】正如其他人所说,我们并不确切知道。
【单词】exactly [ig-'zakt-lee][ɪɡ'zæktli] adv. 精确地;确切地;完全地;严密地;正是
The general consensus is that it's caused by microscopic tears in the muscle fibers, but many exercise physiologists are skeptical and think there's more to it that we don't fully understand yet.
【译】一般的共识是,它(肌肉延迟酸痛)是由肌肉纤维的微小撕裂引起的,但是许多运动生理学家对此持怀疑态度,认为还有更多的原因我们还没有完全了解。
【单词】consensus [kuhn-'sen-suhs][kən'sensəs] n. 一致;同意;共识
【单词】microscopic [mahy-kruh-'skop-ik][ˌmaɪkrə'skɒpɪk] adj. 显微镜的;极小的;微观的
【单词】tears 原型:tear [teer][teə] vt. 撕掉;扯下;扰乱 vi. 流泪;撕破 n. 眼泪;(撕破的)洞或裂缝;撕扯
【单词】fibers 原型:fiber ['fahy-ber]['faɪbə] n. 纤维(物质)
【单词】skeptical ['skep-ti-kuhl]['skeptɪkəl] adj. 怀疑的
【单词】fully ['foo l-ee, 'foo l-lee]['fʊli] adv. 十分地;完全地;全部;足足
What we do know is:
【译】我们知道的是:
It's not a build-up of lactic acid in the muscles.
【译】这不是肌肉中乳酸的累积。
【单词】build-up n. 增强;积聚;积累;宣传;吹捧;组成;堆起 =buildup.
【单词】lactic ['lak-tik]['læktɪk] adj. 乳(汁)的;来自乳汁的
【单词】acid ['as-id]['æsɪd] n. 酸;酸性物质
Lactic acid gets buffered out and dealt with within 60 minutes of your workout.
【译】乳酸会在你锻炼后的60分钟内得到减缓和处理。
【单词】buffered 原型:buffer ['buhf-er]['bʌfə] n. 缓冲 v. 缓冲;减轻
However, it's possible that the initial high concentration of lactic acid in the muscle during and immediately after exercise causes it.
【译】然而,有可能是运动初期肌肉中高浓度的乳酸在运动期间和运动后立即产生的乳酸引起的。
【单词】initial [ih-'nish-uhl][ɪ'nɪʃl] adj. 开始的;最初的
【单词】concentration [kon-suhn-'trey-shuhn][ˌkɒnsen'treɪʃən] n. 集中;专心;浓度
But when we wake up the next day and muscles are sore, they are not "full of lactic acid."
【译】但当我们第二天醒来,肌肉酸痛时,它们并没有“充满乳酸”
【短语】wake up 醒来,起床;例句:I wake up with a very thick head this morning. 我早晨醒来觉得头昏昏沉沉的。
DOMS (the official name) happens when someone does a new type of workout.
【译】DOMS(官方名称,即延迟性肌肉酸痛)发生在某人进行一种新的锻炼项目时。
【单词】DOMS 即延迟性肌肉酸痛(Delayed Onset of MuscleSoreness)
【单词】official [uh-'fish-uh l][ə'fɪʃl] adj. 正式的;官方的
Squatting heavy weights in the gym will produce DOMS like crazy, but you stop getting DOMS from squats if you keep lifting regularly.
【译】在健身房里蹲举很重的重量会让你发疯,但是如果你坚持定期举重的话,你就不会从蹲姿中得到DOMS了。
【单词】Squatting 原型:squat [skwot][skwɒt] v. 蹲下;蹲坐;擅自占地
【单词】heavy ['hev-ee]['hevi] adj. 大(量)的;重的;沉重的;猛烈的
【单词】weights 原型:weight [weyt][weɪt] n. 重量;体重;重任;重要
【单词】gym [jim][dʒɪm] n. 体育馆;健身房;体育课
【单词】crazy ['krey-zee]['kreɪzi] adj. 疯狂的;荒唐的;着迷的
【单词】lifting 原型:lift [lift][lɪft] vt. 举起;运送;升高 vi. 提升 n. 举起;提升;帮助;载货量
【单词】regularly ['reg-yuh-ler-lee]['reɡjələli] adv. 有规律地;定期地
However, if you switch squatting rep schemes (going from 5x5 reps to 4x12 reps) DOMS may occur since it's "new."
【译】但是,如果你切换蹲举锻炼的方案(例如从5x5次变为4x12次),可能会发生DOMS,因为它是“新的”。
【单词】switch [swich][swɪtʃ] v. 改变;交换;转换
【单词】rep [rep][rep] 在这里是“次数”的意思,可理解成repeat
【单词】occur [uh-'kur][ə'kɜː] vi. 发生;存在;出现;想到
A lot of people, especially gymbros, call this muscle confusion; and draw the conclusion that you need to switch up your workouts every few weeks or else your body gets used to one particular style and stops adapting.
【译】很多人,尤其是体操运动员,称这个现象为肌肉混乱,并得出结论:你需要每隔几周更换一次锻炼计划,否则你的身体就会习惯于一种特定的方式而停止适应。
【单词】confusion [kuhn-'fyoo-zhuhn][kən'fjuːʒən] n. 惶惑;混淆;混乱;不确定状态
【单词】conclusion [kuhn-'kloo-zhuhn][kən'kluːʒn] n. 结尾;结论;结束
【短语】draw a conclusion是“得出结论”的意思
【单词】workouts 原型:workout ['wurk-out]['wɜːkaʊt] n. 健身;练习;考验
【单词】adapting 原型:adapt [uh-'dapt][ə'dæpt] vt. 改编;使适应 vi. 适应;适合
That's not entirely true.
【译】这并不完全正确。
【单词】entirely [en-'tahyuhr-lee][ɪn'taɪəli] adv. 完全地;全部地
The severity of DOMS is not a good indicator on the effectiveness of the workout.
【译】DOMS的严重程度并不是锻炼效果的良好指标。
【单词】severity [suh-'ver-i-tee][sɪ'verəti] n. 严格;严重;严肃
【单词】indicator ['in-di-key-ter]['ɪndɪkeɪtə] n. 指示器;指示剂;指示牌
【单词】effectiveness [ih-'fek-tiv][ɪˌfek'tɪvnɪs] n. 有效性;效力
Just because you stopped feeling soreness after workouts, doesn't mean you're not improving.
【译】仅仅因为你在锻炼后不再感到酸痛,并不意味着你没有进步。
【单词】improving 原型:improve [im-'proov][ɪm'pruːv] vt. 改善;改进;提高 vi. 变得更好;改进
It's possible to get DOMS the same day.
【译】有可能在同一天得到DOMS。
Ultrarunners (crazy people who run 30-200 miles at a time) will talk about getting DOMS during a race, and having to suffer through it.
【译】超级跑步者(一次跑30-200英里的疯狂的人)会谈论在比赛中得多发性硬化症,以及必须忍受的痛苦。
【单词】miles 原型:mile [mahyl][maɪl] n. 英里;海里;一英里赛跑
【单词】race [reys][reɪs] n. 赛跑;竞争
【单词】suffer ['suhf-er]['sʌfə] vt. 遭受;忍受;容忍,宽恕,听任;允许,准许
I used to think they were mistaking it for another kind of soreness/fatigue, until it happened to me.
【译】我以前以为他们把它误认为是另一种疼痛/疲劳,直到它发生在我身上。
【短语】used to ... 过去一向,过去时常,过去曾(而现在不再)做某事; 例句:Young ladies used to have lessons in deportment. 少女们以前要上仪态课的。
【单词】mistaking 原型:mistake [mi-'steyk][mɪ'steɪk] n. 错误;误会;过失 v. 误解;弄错
【单词】happened 原型:happen ['hap-uhn]['hæpən] vi. 发生;碰巧;出现;偶遇
It's real.
【译】这是真的。
Sometimes, DOMS won't kick in for me until 48 hours later.
【译】有时候,DOMS要到48小时后才会出现。
【短语】kick in 在这里是“开始其作用”的意思
I've tried to figure out why, but no luck.
【译】我试着弄清楚原因,但没成功。
【单词】luck [luhk][lʌk] n. 运气;幸运;侥幸 v. 侥幸成功;走运
I've tried to supplement my workouts with extra stretching, extra walking/cool-down, extra hydration, excessive protein or carbs, creatine powders, ice baths, saunas, etc. to see if anything was a surefire way to prevent DOMS.
【译】我试着用额外的伸展运动、额外的散步/降温、额外的水化、过量的蛋白质或碳水化合物、肌酸粉、冰浴、桑拿等来补充我的锻炼,看看是否有什么方法能有效地预防DOMS。
【单词】supplement ['suhp-luh-muhnt]['sʌplɪmənt] n. 增刊;补充物 vt. 增补;补充
【单词】extra ['ek-struh]['ekstrə] adj. 额外的 n. 额外之物;临时演员 adv. 特别地
【单词】stretching 原型:stretch [strech][stretʃ] v. 伸展;延伸;张开;夸大 n. 伸展;张开;弹性
【单词】hydration [haɪ'dreɪʃn] n. 水合作用
【单词】excessive [ik-'ses-iv][ɪk'sesɪv] adj. 过分的;过多的
【单词】protein ['proh-teen, -tee-in]['prəʊtiːn] n. 蛋白质
【单词】carbs 这里指碳水化合物(carbohydrates)
【单词】creatine ['kree-uh-teen, -tin]['kriːətɪn] n. [生化]肌氨酸;肌肉素
【单词】powders 原型:powder ['pou-der]['paʊdə] n. 粉末;粉;火药;细雪
【单词】saunas 原型:sauna ['saw-nuh, 'sou-]['sɔːnə] n. 桑拿浴;蒸汽浴
【单词】etc 外来词 ['etk] abbr. 及其他;等等(=Et cetera)
【单词】surefire ['shoor-fahyuhr, 'shur-]['ʃʊəˌfaɪə] adj. 一定会发生的;定成功的
【单词】prevent 动词原形 [pri-'vent][prɪ'vent] v. 预防;防止,阻止;挡住
I've tried to find a correlation between sprint intervals, high rep schemes, low rep schemes, explosive high-speed lifting, isometric holds, etc. and what causes the most DOMS and when it hits.
【译】我试着找出短跑间隔、高重复率计划、低重复率计划、爆炸性高速举重、等距保持等之间的关联,以及什么原因导致了最多的DOMS以及它何时发生。
【单词】correlation [kawr-uh-'ley-shuhn, kor-][ˌkɒrə'leɪʃn] n. 相互关系;相关;关联
【单词】sprint [sprint][sprɪnt] vi. 全力奔跑;冲刺 n. 短距离赛跑;冲刺
【单词】intervals 原型:interval ['in-ter-vuhl]['ɪntəvl] n. 间隔;休息时间
【单词】explosive [ik-'sploh-siv][ɪk'spləʊsɪv] adj. 爆炸(性)的;引发争论的;大声的
【单词】isometric [ahy-suh-'me-trik][ˌaɪsə'metrɪk] adj. 等轴的;等容积的;等立方的;等比例的 n. 等容线;等距线
I can't figure out any correlation or preventive measures, but I'm also not very good at record keeping and doing controlled studies on myself.
【译】我无法找出任何相关或预防措施,但我也不太擅长记录和对自己进行对照研究。
【单词】preventive [pri-'ven-tiv][prɪ'ventɪv] adj. 预防的;防病的 n. 预防物;预防性措施
【单词】measures 原型:measure ['mezh-er]['meʒə] n. 措施;量度;尺寸;程度;办法 v. 测量;比较;给予;权衡